Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia - PPGE/ICSA
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/14107
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia - PPGE/ICSA por Orientadores "SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Pobreza multidimensional na Amazônia Legal: uma perspectiva das atividades econômicas ambientais entre 2000 e 2010(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-15) OLIVEIRA, Rickson Nixon Barbosa; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382The Legal Amazon encompasses nine states (Amazonas, Amapá, Acre, Rondônia, Roraima, Pará, Tocantins, Maranhão, and Mato Grosso), comprising 772 municipalities and the Amazon rainforest, rich in natural resources. The dynamics between individuals and the re gion's resources are evident in the diverse environmental economic activities, ranging from agriculture, livestock, mineral extraction, and forest production to activities that seek to reduce or cause environmental impact. Previous studies, such as Celenta no (2010), Diniz (2007), Sousa (2016), Rosa (2021), and Kageyama (2006), identified that the Amazon region presents high levels of multidimensional poverty, with deficiencies in health, education, and housing conditions. Therefore, this research aims to in vestigate multidimensional poverty in environmental economic activities between 2000 and 2010, to identify whether multidimensional poverty is higher in environmental activities compared to non environmental activities. Thus, the central question of this s tudy is: In which environmental economic activities is multidimensional poverty expressed most prominently? The database used was the Brazilian Demographic Census, and the CNAE 2.0 classification was used to identify environmental economic activities. The Alkire Foster method of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was used to calculate poverty, and Moran's I statistic was used to identify spatial correlations of the MPI between municipalities. The research shows that multidimensional poverty is more pr onounced in activities related to agriculture, livestock, fishing, aquaculture, and forest production. Specifically, in the groups of temporary and permanent crop activities. The states of Mato Grosso and Tocantins are where the MPI is lower compared to th e other states, and the spatial correlation was positive, meaning that there are high MPI values concentrated in municipalities of the Legal Amazon that are correlated with neighboring municipalities, mainly in the region known as the "arc of deforestation".Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Pobreza multidimensional, território e meios de vida na região da Ilha das Onças, Município de Barcarena-PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-02) RODRIGUES, Danuzia Lima; BAGOLIN, Izete Pengo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9977571999200680; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-7677; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382This thesis deals with a study on the territorial dynamics that has developed in the region of the islands around the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB), state of Pará. The study is organized from a general introductory chapter on the Amartya Sen's training approach and its theoreticalmethodological developments in the field of multidimensional poverty assessment. Three chapters are presented in the form of articles dealing with the evaluation of multidimensional poverty based on different methodologies applied to a field study carried out in Ilha das Onças, municipality of Barcarena. For each of the chapters, we sought to develop and present alternative theoretical and methodological tools aimed at presenting a new look at the problem of the relationship between poverty and development, based on a key mediation commanded by a look at the territorial dimension. The first article, presented in chapter 3, starts from the observation of the impacts of the ongoing urbanization process throughout the region of the Amazon River Delta. Movement that includes the process of urbanization and growth of the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB). Chapter 4 deals with the application of a synthetic index inspired by the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IPM), adapted to the territorial conditions of the Island of Ounces. Chapter 5, in turn, deals in a specific way with the study developed to evaluate the vulnerability conditions of the livelihoods of the population living on the Island of Onças, which aims to be carried out based on the analysis of qualitative and quantitative conditions that are evaluation of the levels of training of the inhabitants of the island. The results point to the complexity of assessing multidimensional poverty when viewed from its territorial aspects. The process of increasing the vulnerability of riparian populations could be evaluated at the same time as the urbanization process advances. In this sense, it has been observed that, despite the improvement in income conditions, the local population still feels quite restricted in terms of the scope of their substantive freedoms, which seems to be accompanied by an increase in their degree of vulnerability to an excessive level of specialization that has led the population to a low degree of productive diversification.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Pobreza na Região Metropolitana de Belém sob os enfoques teóricos das capacidades e do espaço social(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-16) BRASIL, Marília Carvalho; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382The general objective of this study is to study the relationships between poverty and social structure from monetary and multidimensional perspectives for the Metropolitan Region of Belém in the period 2000 to 2010. The main data sources used were microdata from the 2000 and 2010 Demographic Censuses. In the multidimensional analysis, the multidimensional poverty indexes (MPI) were constructed based on the Alkire-Foster method (2007, 2009). The typology developed by the Observatory of Metropolises, which adopts the Bourdieusian perspective, was used to analyze the social structure. In the first decade of the 21st century, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of poor people in the RMB from an income perspective. This trend was observed both for the RMB as a whole and for all metropolitan municipalities. The decline in monetary poverty indicators in the RMB followed the national trend that occurred in the 2000s as a consequence of economic conditions and public policies. By adopting multidimensionality in poverty analysis, it is possible to perceive the heterogeneity that exists in the areas studied, as advocated by Amartya Sen. Comparing the indicators of the two approaches, the results point to higher levels of poverty captured by the multidimensional perspective, when compared to the monetary perspective. This situation occurs for all levels of aggregation: regional, municipal and weighted area. The results of multidimensional poverty indicate that there was a small increase in the proportion of poor people in the RMB as a whole. The levels of multidimensional poverty presented were very high in comparison with the national averages in the period 2000/2010. The public policies that contributed to removing the condition of multidimensional poverty from a significant portion of the national population do not seem to have presented the same results for the RMB. Regarding the social structure of the RMB, it is clear that there is a progressive increase in the population classified as deprived as one advances in the social structure when considering the various indicators that make up the MPI (incidence, intensity and MPI). The population at the top of the social pyramid considered poor is significantly smaller than that at the base. As in the analysis of regional and municipal aggregates, the dimensions that acted to intensify the deprivations of the population residing in the RMB were education and standard of living.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Poder de barganha e participação dos cônjuges no mercado de trabalho brasileiro: uma análise baseada em modelos de escolha coletiva(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-16) MORAIS, Geási; CIRINO, Jader Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2232741827552440; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382This research analyzes the determinants of spousal participation in the Brazilian labor market using an approach based on collective choice models. Utilizing microdata from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNADC) and employing Probit and Heckit models, the study identifies how individual and socioeconomic factors influence decisions to join the Economically Active Population (EAP) and allocate time to paid work. The findings reveal that higher wages reduce the likelihood of labor market participation, reflecting the income effect. However, for those already employed, higher wages increase working hours, indicating the presence of the substitution effect. Two distribution factors were tested, which are variables that affect the distribution of bargaining power among household members without directly influencing individual preferences or the family budget constraint. Adjusted age differences and non-labor income participation significantly impact bargaining power distribution within families. Adjusted age differences negatively affect wives' labor market participation, particularly among childless couples. Women with significantly older husbands are less likely to join the labor market, while husbands in such contexts are more likely to participate and work more hours. Control over non-labor income proved relevant to bargaining power, especially for wives, who exhibited greater flexibility in reducing their labor supply. The study underscores the importance of collective models in understanding intrafamily dynamics, showing that labor decisions are shaped by spousal bargaining rather than the predictions of traditional unitary models. In terms of public policy, the research recommends implementing incentives for professional qualifications targeting childless couples and providing childcare support for couples with children. These measures aim to expand families’ options and promote their well-being more comprehensively.