Dissertações em Ciência Animal (Mestrado) - PPGCAN/Castanhal
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2337
O Mestrado em Ciência Animal teve início em 1999 junto à CAPES/MEC e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal (PPGCAN) do Campus Universitário de Castanhal (CCAST) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) e Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito da salinidade e da frequência alimentar durante a larvicultura dos ornamentais amazônicos acará bandeira Pterophyllum scalare (SCHULTZE, 1823) e acará severo Heros severus (HECKEL, 1840)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07-21) EIRAS, Bruno José Corecha Fernandes; VERAS, Galileu Crovatto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4497651649653210; COSTA, Rauquírio André Albuquerque Marinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4504677939464624With the study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity and feeding frequency on growth, uniformity and survival of the angelfish Pterophyllum scalare and banded cichlid post-larvae. Were conducted two experiments in a completely randomized in a factorial 5 x 2, with five different sodium chloride concentrations (0; 2; 4; 6 and 8 g L-1) and two feed frequency (2 and 4 times per day). It was observed the water salinity and feeding frequency influenced significantly (p < 0,05) in torso length and body height in the angelfish larviculture. The eye diameter, was affected (p < 0,05) only by salinity, while the final standard length, standard length gain, head length, torso length, post-anal length, head height, body height, final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and allometric condition factor differed significantly (p < 0,05) only for the feeding frequency. In the banded cichlid larviculture, there was a significant difference (p < 0,05) in the head length, post-anal length, head height and allometric condition factor by salinity and feeding frequency. The water salinity influenced significantly (p < 0,05) the final standard length, standard length gain, torso length, eye diameter, body height, survival hate and uniformity in weight. The feeding frequency influenced significantly (p < 0,05) the final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate. It was concluded that angelfish post-larvae can be grown with salinity up to 4 g L-1 without problems for the development and survival. On the other hand, the banded cichlid post-larvae had better survival hate in water without salt add. The feeding frequency of four times a day with artemia nauplii is the most recommended for the both species.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Exigência de proteína bruta na dieta de alevinos e juvenis do ornamental Amazônico acará severo (Heros severus) (Heckel, 1840)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07-21) SOUSA, Jonathan Alves de; VERAS, Galileu Crovatto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4497651649653210; COSTA, Rauquírio André Albuquerque Marinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4504677939464624Aquaculture is the practice of create a controlled manner aquatic organisms and is divided into two segments: food and ornamental purposes. Among the contributing organisms to the diversity of Brazilian Amazon ornamental fish fauna, it is severum (Heros severus). When bred in captivity, accepts all kinds of feed industrialized, nevertheless, are still unknown the nutritional requirements for species, including the protein requirement. There were two experiments in order to evaluate the requirement of crude protein (CP) in the fingerlings diet and juvenile Heros severus. In both experiments was test five isocaloric diets (3,200 kcal DE / kg) with five levels of CP (28, 32, 36, 40 and 44% CP). In the experiments, 75 fingerlings and 100 juveniles were distributed in 15 and 20 aquariums with a volume of 30L and 50L, respectively, in a completely randomized design with five treatments and three and four replications, respectively, and the aquarium the experimental unit. During 105 days, the fingerlings and juveniles were fed at a rate of 10 and 3% of body weight three and twice daily, respectively. There wasn’t significant effect of CP levels in the diet on survival, hepatossomatic index, viscerossomatic and moisture body for fingerlings (P>0.05). There quadratic effect of weight gain, length, specific growth rate, feed intake and feed conversion with increasing dietary crude protein levels (P<0.05), estimating values 41.86; 40.42, 41.29; 39.60; 43.54% CP, respectively. There was quadratic effect of body protein, lipid and ash body, with increasing levels of crude protein diet, estimating values 40.64; 37.77 and 37.50% CP, respectively. There was not significant effect of dietary protein levels on the survival of juveniles (P>0.05). It was observed quadratic effect of weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion, protein efficiency rate and hepatossomatic rate of juveniles (P<0.05), estimating values of 37.03; 37.20; 35.13; 35.85; 38.78% CP, respectively. The feed intake showed a linear increase (P<0.05) with increased levels of dietary protein. There was a linear decrease (P<0.05) viscerossomatic rate with increasing levels of dietary protein. Blood glucose and hematocrit showed lower values (P<0.05) in fish fed diet with lower content protein. Based on performance, efficient use of nutrients and body condition indices fingerlings and juveniles of severum, estimated levels from 37.77 to 43.54% and from 34.74 to 38.78% CP, respectively.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Utilização do eugenol como anestésico para o acará severo Heros severus (Heckel, 1840)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07-20) DIAS, Bruno César Brito; VERAS, Galileu Crovatto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4497651649653210; COSTA, Rauquírio André Albuquerque Marinho da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4504677939464624Thus, two different studies were conducted using eugenol as an anesthetic for severe discus Heros severus. Both studies were conducted in Tropical Fish Laboratory of the School of Coastal Studies Institute of Fisheries Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Campus de Bragança. In the first study aimed to analyze the efficiency of eugenol as an anesthetic for two size classes, fingerlings and adult severe discus and find what the most effective dose in time of induction and recovery of anesthesia. Were used 120 individuals of H. severus, fingerlings (n=60) and adults (n=60). The fingerlings were selected randomly in homogeneous sizes and transferred to six tanks of 60 L, as adults for six aquariums 200L, both at 10 copies per aquarium stocking density. We conducted the experiments in a completely randomized design with six treatments, eugenol concentrations (50; 75; 100; 125; 150 and 175 Mg L-1) and 10 repetitions, and the fish the experimental unit. Based on the findings is recommended for fry concentration of 50 mg L-1 to perform handlings short or long term and for adults, it is recommended that the concentration of 50mg L-1 for short procedures duration and 75 mgL-1 for long procedures. In the second study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses of acará severo adults anesthetized with the ideal concentration of eugenol found in the previous experiment. To perform the assay was used a total of 60 adult severe discus. The fish were placed individually in 60 60L aquariums containing 45L of water. We used a completely randomized design in a factorial 3 x 4 with five repetitions, and the fish the experimental unit. To verify the occurrence of eugenol influence on the physiological and hematological parameters of banded cichlid, was collected the blood of fish subjected to three diferentes protocols procedures anaesthetized (fish exposed to 75 mg L-1 of eugenol during 133 s); simulated anesthesia (fish subjected to a sumulation of anesthetic bath, also for 133 s, with only water and without adding the anesthetic); and control (fish kept in the aquarium without handing and exposure to anesthetic). For each procedure, there were four blood samplings at different times: 0 (immediately after procedure), 6, 12 and 24 h. The withdrawal of the blood sample was taken by puncture from the flow vessel with the held of needles and syringes 1 ml pre-moistened with EDTA 10%. Then were proceeded to carry out folloying analyzes: glucose, hematocrit, (Ht), total protein (Tp), hemoglobin (Hb), number of erytrocytes (Er), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), triglycerides (TGR), and cholesterol (COL). The banded cichlid adult exposure to anesthesia with eugenol in the ideal concentration of 75 mg L-1 by 133 seconds was enough to cause changes in the values of variables, glucose, Ht, Pt, Hb, Er, MCV, MCH, MCHC, COL and TRI. The results from the two studies show that eugenol was effective in inducing fry and adult severe discus to deep anesthesia stage stage in all tested concentrations and the concentration considered ideal for anesthesia of adults was enough to cause changes in the variables analyzed, triggering physiological responses characteristics of stress.