Dissertações em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (Mestrado) - PPGDSTU/NAEA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2296

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). O Mestrado em Planejamento do Desenvolvimento (PLADES) foi implantado em 1977 e foi pioneiro dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu das áreas de humanidades e ciências sociais aplicadas na Amazônia.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da autonomia das populações tradicionais no manejo comunitário de recursos florestais madeireiros em unidade de conservação da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-25) PACHECO, Jéssica dos Santos; AZEVEDO-RAMOS, Claudia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1968630321407619
The present study aim to analyze the degree of autonomy of the traditional populations in the timber community forest management (CFM) in federal protected areas (UC) of the Brazilian Amazon. To do so, it was evaluated (1) the perception of stakeholders in two UCs and (2) the legal instruments and regulatory provisions that could influence this autonomy. In total, 111 stakeholders from the RESEX Verde Para Sempre (VPS) and the Tapajós National Forest (FLONA Tapajós) were interviewed among the Government, Community and Partner Organizations segments. The perception was evaluated by SWOT analysis and 5-level Likert scale satisfaction questionnaires. Relevant documents on the MFC used in the UCs (minutes, reports, diagnoses, among others) were also evaluated. Decision makers from the main federal environmental agencies in Brasilia were also interviewed. The results showed that the dependence of annual permits from the ICMBio and the administrative procedures of the MFC directly interfere in the autonomy of the traditional populations, although they are of exclusive obligations of the environmental agencies. In the initiatives studied, there was relative satisfaction on the autonomy of the traditional populations. However, governmental interference occurred in both cases. In the FLONA Tapajós, the governmental administrative structure has affected the freedom of the community to define its productive choices, mainly due to the outdated management plan of the UC. Also, the autonomy to organize and manage forest production has been restricted at RESEX VpS, both due to its financial dependence on partner organizations and the time lapse until management license is approved. The legal instruments and regulatory provisions of the MFC in UC are the main inducers of this scenario. It was verified that these instruments are constituted by rules of territorial, procedural and technical dimensions that, to a greater or lesser extent, interfere in the community autonomy in the management of the forest resource, in the process of obtaining the MFC license, and in the techniques required in the activity. The failure to comply with the legal determination to create differentiated provisions of sustainable forest management plans adapted to community needs has conditioned traditional communities to standardized technical requirements, to the detriment of the constitutional and legal recognition of their livelihood rights. Some priority changes in the regulations were identified and proposed in this study. It was concluded that the simplification of some instruments could increase the degree of autonomy in the timber CFM allowing its multiplication in the Amazon region, while ensuring, at the same time, a balanced and effective control by the State over public forests in common ownership.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Cogestão de recursos em reserva extrativista da Amazônia: o caso da Resex Terra Grande-Pracuúba, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-24) MAGNO, Giselle Gomes; AZEVEDO-RAMOS, Claudia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1968630321407619
The Extractive Reserves (Resex) of the Amazon represent a natural laboratory for studies of models of co-management of shared resources between the State (manager) and communities (residents). The premise of a shared management or co-management model starts from the construction of cooperation between individuals and/or institutions that use resources through participatory mechanisms and processes implemented to create support for the cooperation of groups that use resources (eg, territory, extractive area and natural resources). This study analyzes the adherence of the governance system of the Resex Terra Grande-Pracuúba, located on Ilha de Marajó, Pará, Brazil, to the principles considered necessary for the construction of an effective co-management for the governance of common use resources. In addition to identifying the relationship of forces between the State and the traditional population in the management of resources and in the use of the territory, mainly in decision-making and in conflict resolution, evaluating the arenas of concertation and their relationships. The study made it possible to identify, through documents and interviews, some principles that reached greater maturity in the implementation eg: Defined limits, Congruence between appropriation and provision rules and local conditions, Minimum recognition of organizational rights; Nested enterprises) and where improvement is needed (eg, Collective Choice Arrangements; Monitoring; Graduated Sanctions; Conflict Resolution Mechanisms). The hierarchical relationship between the decision-making arenas exist (local meetings would support the meetings by poles, which in turn would support the Management Board). However, they are still fragile in terms of their frequency, functioning and protagonism of communities and ICMBio in issues associated with co-management of the territory. The transgression of governance principles for the use of resources and territory can be illustrated both by the lack of fundamental management instruments for the administration of the RESEX, such as a Management Plan, which makes it difficult to organize economic and environmental actions on the use of resources within the Unit, but also (and mainly) due to the ineffectiveness of the co management instruments already implemented. The good participation of the actors indicates that there is interest in these spaces, however bureaucratic and unilateral interests can inhibit active participation. The analysis of the co-management of the Terra Grande-Pracuúba Extractive Reserve concludes that the governance system implemented was not effective in the shared management of the use of natural resources and territory. In addition, decision-making in collective arenas presented difficulties in applying the rules for the use of natural resources and territory for the pacification of conflicts, for the reproduction of the traditional way of life and for the support of cooperation between groups of users.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impacto da concessão florestal na geração de emprego local: caso de Itapuã do Oeste, Rondônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-21) RIBEIRO, Jime Rodrigues; AZEVEDO-RAMOS, Claudia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1968630321407619
In the humid tropics, the system of forest concessions has become the main mechanism for access to public forest resources. In Brazil, the forest concession was inaugurated as a public policy in 2006 through Law No. 11,284 of March 2, also known as the Public Forest Management Act. It had as one of its assumptions the generation of jobs in remote forest areas of Amazon. In order to assess if this impact has been effective around the first areas of forest concession in the country, the municipality of Itapuã do Oeste (Rondônia) was used as a case study. The impact of public policy was verified through the Synthetic Control technique for the period from 2002 to 2015. The impact on the generation of forestry jobs was felt starting in 2014, four years after the beginning of the operation of the concessions and was related to conjunctural factors, such as emergence of new concessions areas in Rondônia, contractual changes through federal resolution and compliance with local workers' qualification requirements. The municipality of Itapuã do Oeste benefited from increased jobs by concentrating the processing of the wood and receiving the demand for labor caused by other municipalities with forest concessions, but without the same structure. From this point of view, the planning of forest concessions in the Amazon would need to obey a regional perspective and in line with national and state development plans that overflow the sphere of environmental entities that now manage the concessions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Monitoramento ambiental em concessões florestais estaduais: estudo de caso no conjunto de Glebas Mamuru-Arapiuns, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2000-03-19) LIMA, Rayssa Yuki Murakami; AZEVEDO-RAMOS, Claudia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1968630321407619
As a pioneering experience started in 2011, forestry concessions in the Glebas Mamuru Arapiuns complex, in the west of the State of Pará, still lack assessments on the environmental monitoring employed by public and private agents. This study evaluated the performance of environmental monitoring by the competent actors, the effectiveness of that execution and the local forest governance employed in the areas granted. Execution was assessed based on the degree of compliance with the environmental monitoring baseline and the flow of internal processes, plus the perception of the actors. Forest effectiveness and governance were analyzed using guidelines and pillars adapted from international literature. The legal and procedural framework adopted by the state concession system brought security and stability in the face of unstable political scenarios. However, both compliance and monitoring effectiveness were partially satisfactory and dependent on each actor. The contract management body achieved 92% satisfactory compliance; the management plan's licensing and inspection body obtained 60% and the independent auditorsreached 100%. The two forest concessionaires assessed differed in compliance with the monitoring baseline, 75% satisfactory for Amazônia Florestal Ltda and 47% for LN Guerra Indústria e Comércio de Madeira Ltda. The effectiveness of environmental monitoring, in turn, was satisfactory in 50% of the evaluated principles. The forest governance of the state concessions of Mamuru-Arapiuns Glebas in their environmental dimension showed flaws in different pillars considered key to its success, which together indicated the need for improvements in forest governance. In this sense, in order to safeguard forest resources in a medium term, it is suggested to prioritize the strengthening of the institutions' technical and financial capacity, establish a more efficient communication flow between agencies and improve transparency processes

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