Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal - PPGCAN/Castanhal
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2335
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal (PPGCAN) é um programa do Campus Universitário de Castanhal (CCAST) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) e Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA). O Programa iniciou o nível de Mestrado em 1999 junto à CAPES/MEC, tendo aprovação de sua proposta de Doutorado junto à agência em 2008, com início da primeira turma em 2009, o que certamente contribuirá à formação de massa crítica regional.Se caracteriza por apresentar um conjunto de disciplinas que repassam aos alunos um embasamento teórico e prático, capacitando os mesmos a aplicarem os conhecimentos adquiridos no avanço regional da produção animal. Direcionando as linhas de pesquisa do curso à nutrição, biotecnologia, pastagens, conservação de recursos genéticos, reprodução, sanidade animal, bovinocultura, bubalinocultura, animais silvestres, ecologia aquática e aquicultura.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Características e índices produtivos de muçuãs (Kinosternon scorpioides) em cativeiro na ilha de Marajó, Amazônia, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-29) COSTA, Juliane da Silva; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676Historically, chelonians have played an important role as a natural resource as human food in the region, notably Kinosternon scorpioides specie or scorpion mud turtle, locally known as muçuã which has been suffering a gradual imbalance caused by inordinate catch. We aimed to evaluate the indexes of productive characteristics, at different stages of breeding, and the reproductive characteristics of copulation, ovarian activity and hatching of muçuãs in captivity, aiming better activity through an adequate zootechnical handling. The study was done between 2007 and 2015, when we analyzed 84 copulations, 742 ovarian activity and 1,979 births for reproductive evaluations, 1,835 animals in captivity, 921 animals for reproduction, and 3,614, among males and females for reproductive evaluations grown in captivity at Criatório Científico of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Marajó Island -PA. In the reproductive characteristic analyses the results showed that the reproductive period is seasonal, concentrating couplings during the rainy season, when the average coupling activity consisted of 00:23:00 h, with proportion male: female of 2,38 + 1,67. The egg formation process took 122,98 + 45,38 days. The egg laying distribution presented a climax tendency between the end of June and early August. Nidification average duration was 02:57:00 h. The egg viability found was 20%. The correlation results between the biometric, weight, and number of eggs characteristics were positive. The egg biometrical results were 34,5 mm long, and 18 mm wide, with average weight of 7,90 g. The average duration of incubation, in days, was 129.31 + 19.57. Births concentrated between September and December. The correlations of biometric characteristics with the hatchlings weight were positive between the variables (P≤0,0001). For the productive characteristics the weights were obtained for all zootechnical categories where the hatchlings in the nesting area, with approximately 12 months of age, weighed 199.20 + 45,36 g and the adult above 36 months, had an average weight of 503.63 + 73.21 g. The correlations between weight and body measurements were significant As (P≤00001) for all categories. The results of influence of morphometric measurements over weight for all categories were significant (P≤0.0005). For weight and body measurement analyses under the influence of the season of the year we observed that the variables were significant (P≤00005), except for reproduction. For reproduction, weight and body measurements were evaluated considering the influence of sex, when it was observed that females had more than males, but males were longer than females. The characteristics of coupling, incubation period, and hatching permit to delineate a reproductive handling for raisin the specie in captivity under the conditions of Marajó Island. Research directed toward biology, nutrition, and handling of muçuãs must be encouraged to increase production ex situ, providing greater subsidies for the establishment of systems of production that meet commercial demand by promoting conservation and increase of variability of the specie.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Características fenotípicas e manejo genético de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) leiteiros: ranqueamento de reprodutores(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-10) MARQUES, Larissa Coelho; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676The buffalo is an animal that can compete with differentiated products on internal and world markets, which presents own features and great performance when processing by-products and derivatives. Despite this, buffalo agribusiness resents of enhancers animals proved and / or tested to meet a demand that is vital for better genetic pattern. This study aimed to evaluate phenotypic characteristics of production milk and reproduction efficient of buffalo and perform genetic analyzes determining parameters and genetic index aimed at selection of buffalo to prepare a ranking of genetically superior breeding, increasing production chain of buffaloes in the Amazon region. We used 2,459 phenotypic records of Murrah, Mediterranean and half-blood buffaloes of EMBRAPA - CPATU herd from period between 1953 to 2013. The characteristics evaluated were: total milk production (TMP), fat percentage (F), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI) and service period (SP). The descriptive analysis began with the editing of the data worked in the environments of Excel spreadsheet and SAS package. The overall results were: TMP = 1741.00 ± 496.48 kg, F = 7.07 ± 0.86%, AFC = 49.39 ± 7.37 months, CI = 13.16 ± 0.79 months and SP = 91.52 ± 24,22 days. In the analysis of variance for TMP the most significant effects were the birth order and the degree of blood from female, and to F was degree of female blood and AFC was calving season and birth order and CI and SP were station childbirth and the calf sex. The phenotypic correlations between TMP and F was 0.034, between TMP and AFC 0.118, between TMP and CI 0.070, between TMP and SP 0.070, between F and AFC -0.113, between F and CI -0.025, -0.025 between F and SP, among AFC and CI 0.445, 0.445 between AFC and SP and between CI and SP 1.00. Genetic analysis began with the editing of the data discussed in the environments of Excel spreadsheet and the SAS package and genetic analyzes were performed by WOMBAT software. For estimation of genetic parameters we used the animal model with two-trait analysis. The TMP was regressed depending on length of lactation and the regression coefficient was used for correction of lactation in 305 days (PL305). Fixed effects were contemporary group and linear and quadratic effects of birth female age as (co) variable. AFC and SP model was the same as described above with the exclusion of the term of the maternal permanent environmental effect. The heritability estimates for Murrah were: 0.49 for TMP; 0.59 for F; 0.75 for AFC; 0.006 for CI and 0.06 for SP; for the Mediterranean race were 0.31 for TMP; 0.08 for F; 0.78 for AFC; 0.90 for CI and 0.90 for SP. Genetic correlations between TMP and other features in the Murrah were 0.065 TMP and F; TMP and AFC 0.097, -0.450 TMP and CI and 0.079 TMP and SP for the Mediterranean were: -0.267 TMP and F; 0,629 TMP and AFC; 0.559 TMP and CI and 0.624 CI TMP and SP. The ranking of bulls / breeding was based on predictions of probable transmission ability (PTA's), using the SAS package which allows editing a bulls catalog of buffalo species of EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental in that period. Based on the results the variability of the studied herd is likely to be crafted with the genetic management for both production characteristics as to the reproductive efficiency.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização de polimorfismos nos genes DGAT1 E GH em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-11) SILVA, Caio Santos; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676The Buffaloes are domestic animals belonging to Bubalus genus, Bovidae family and Artiodactyla order. Provide meat, milk and workforce. Are quite adapted to the climatic conditions of the state of Pará, producing well in those conditions. However, producers still need tested animals for production characteristics. There were used the technique of SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) and SNP markers (single nucleotideo polymorphism), in order to characterize the 83 buffaloes from murrah and Mediterranean breeds. For the DGAT1, occured allelic frequency of 0.741 for the allele A, 0.253 for the allele B and 0.01 for the allele C. The genotypic frequencies were 0.54 for the AA genotype, 0.39 for the AB genotype, 0.06 for the BB genotype and 0.01 for the AC genotype. For the GH gene was found only one genotype. The DGAT1 gene showed considerable genetic variation and detects the presence of SNPs.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caracterização genética de avestruzes (Struthio camelus) usando marcadores RAPD(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-04-02) FERREIRA, Silvaney Fonseca; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of ostrich populations (Struthio camelus) through RAPD markers (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). 121 samples of individuals were used from Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins and Minas Gerais States. The genomic DNA was extracted from total blood. Fifteen primers were selected among the 60. The products of the PCR were visualized in agarose gel 1.5% and, a binary matrix was generated considering the presence (1) of a amplified fragment and its absence (0). The ideal number of polymorphic bands was estimated through the bootstrap analysis using the GQMOL software. The genetic similarity was estimated through the Jaccard coefficient using the NTSYS-PC (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) software, version 2.02. The origin of the genetic diversity was quantified by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) using the Arlequin 2,0 software. The 15 primers generated a total of 109 polymorphic bands and the bootstrap analysis showed that at least 100 bands is the ideal number for sampling the genetic diversity, as determined by the high value of correlation (r=0,99), the low value of the squared deviation sum (1,25), and the low stress (0,05). The results suggest that the studied populations are from the same origin. Management measures must be adopted in these breeding, even using other molecular markers in the way to amplify the genetic variability and the conservation of this important genetic resource. RAPD.The bootstrap analysis showed that from 100 bands the work already becomes more trustworthy, a time that the magnitude of the correlation was well next to the maximum value (r=0,99), as also the addition of squares of shunting lines (SQd) reached low value 1,25 and the value of it estresse (e) was of 0,05. In the analysis between pairs of groups, it was verified that the greater and minor similarity are in lathe, respectively, of 0,86 and 0,00. In that it says respect to the distribution of frequency of the similarities gotten between the 5,644 pairs formed in the genetic matrix, it can be verified that 32,69 % of the pairs had been enclosed in the classrooms with similarities varying of 0,01 the 0,10. One notices that the biggest percentage (85,59%) of the pairs was distributed in the three first classrooms of the extremities and that the minority of them (14,41%) presented similarities varying of 0,21 the 1,00. The test of Mantel showed correlation of 0,81 and the dendrograma generated 67 groups delimited for the Sm that was of 0,49. The biggest 0,86 similarity was of and the minor of 0,06. The relative data to the analysis of molecular variance had shown that the percentage of genetic variation between origins was low and significant (24,03%, p < 0,0001), evidencing that great part of the variation meets inside of the populations (75,97 %). markers RAPD they had been efficient in the characterization of the genetic similarity.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estimação de parâmetros genéticos para características produtivas em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) na Amazônia Oriental(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) RODRIGUES, Alessandra Epifanio; ARAÚJO, Cláudio Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5049897507837031; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676The objective of this work was to estimate of genetics parameters of dairy buffaloes productive characteristics, such as: milk yield (MY), fat yield (FY), length of lactation (LL) and milk yield per day of calving interval (MYDCI) of buffaloes in the Eastern Amazon. The research was carried through at “Dr. Felisberto Camargo” farm, propriety of EMBRAPA/CPATU, where productive records had analyzed in the period of 1967 until 2005. It had been analyzed a total of 1.182 records of buffaloes females of Murrah breed and its crosses. The observed averages and the standard desviation MY, FY, LL and MYDCI were 1.663, 84 ± 343,60, 116,84 ± 29,71, 269,89 ± 56,36 and 3,88 ± 1,15, respectively. Genetic parameters had estimate by Restricted Maximum Likelihood method in which study the dairy yield of milk and fat were considered permanent effects in the period of birth, genetic group and birth order, besides the dairy yield. The estimate of heritability (h²) to MY, FY, LL and MYDCI were 0.25, 0.18, 0.08 and 0.09 respectively and with coefficients of repeatability (r) for MY, FY e LL of 0.33, 0.29 and 0.10, respectively. The genetic correlations among the characteristics were 0.93 (MY-FY), 0.76 (MY-LL), 0.99 (MY-MYDCI), 0.89 (FY-LL), 0.87 (FY-MYDCI) and -0.27 (LL-MYDCI). There is expresses percentage of animals on the herd studied with higher genetic with relation to medium population for characteristics. In the studied herd, should be considered the additive genetic variability to promote genetic improvement by observing that a majority percentage of the animals are genetically superior to referred characteristics.