Navegando por Orientadores "TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adaptação do banco de dados do projeto de regularização fundiária de interesse social Bengui etapa 1 ao índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal - IDHM: estudo de caso no município de Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-15) BORGES, Helber da Silva; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
The present study aimed to adapt the socioeconomic data collected by the "Chão Legal" Program in Project Bengui Stage 1 in 2012 and 2013 in indicators that can be reapplied in medium (5 to 8 years) and long term (over 8 years), both locally and in other areas served by the program in the city of Belém-PA, in order to know how and how much the numbers varied and with what quality they did. The main indexes adapted from the data that were collected by the Program were the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), which was equivalent to 0.49 for the research site, which is considered as very low Human development and the Gini Index which was also equivalent to 0.49, showing a distribution of income concentrated in 49% of the population surveyed. Other indicators also contributed significantly to this research, such as the indigence line, the proportion of poor people, the unemployment rate, the employment rate and the dependency ratio. Thus, it is believed that the application of these indicators can be used successfully in areas served by the "Chão Legal" Program, and can therefore be a tool for monitoring, evaluating and planning the Municipal Policy for Land Use Regularization of Social Interest of Belém-PA.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alagamentos no centro comercial da Campina, Belém-PA: identificação das causas e suas implicações de acordo com a percepção dos comerciantes locais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-24) SOUSA, Dyego Rodrigo Damázio de; SZLAFSZTEIN, Claudio Fabian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348005678649555; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
Among environmental problems of Belém-Pará-Brasil, one of them usually draws attention from Belenense society, every beginning of the year, routinely between the months of March and April. The floods in the commercial center of the Campina district usually brings with it several environmental problems, social and economic factors that directly influence the dynamics of the city. The commercial center of Campina (study area of this research) is an area very prone to floods, due to intense precipitation and high tides in the Amazonian winter, besides the large volume of waste produced in the area and a drainage system very old and little benefited by the actions agencies in the power of state government. In order to analyze how the natural and anthropic agents act causing floods and what the main implications of these floods, from the perspective of the area's own merchants, is that this research was based on, also aiming at mapping the main problem points, where floods is often more recurrent, with the perspective of providing subsidies for future research and public works in the area. For the development of this dissertation, some consultations were carried out on specialized websites (INMET, IBGE, IPEA), public agencies (SEMMA, SESAN, CPRM, CODEM, SECON) and libraries (UFPA, NUMA, NAEA), among others. In addition to data collection in the field: photographic records, identification of floods points, observations of the drainage system, precipitation and tidal action in the area, quantification of merchants, questionnaires. To reach results that demonstrated the influence of each agent, confirming that the high tide, the strong precipitation and the drainage system are the most active for the problem of floods in that area, and that these floods cause great socioeconomic losses to the merchants, to the point of making them stop working on the incidental days, lose almost half of their monthly profitability, besides causing in deficit in the local and municipal economy, Since the participation of the sector in the municipal PIB is compromised due to the low profitability caused in the period in question.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da dinâmica: população, ciclos econômicos e sistema de abastecimento de água do município de Itaituba-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-20) SOUZA, Corina Fernandes de; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
The main purpose of this assignment was to examine the water supplies development in the city of Itaituba, considering that it went through a very quick economic and spatial growth and na increase in population could also be observed. It was necessary to carry out a bibliographic research based on the historical context its economy, the spatial growth and the given increase in population as well as the development of water supplies in areas where studies were done and the future perspective for the enlargement of water supply systems according to the increase in population and the city’s current economic cycle. From the theoretical assumptions and the documental analysis, we could realize that the city in question showed a significant increase in population in certain periods owing to economic cycles developed in the region but there was not any investment in urban infrastructure, just like when it came to the water supplies that were implanted in 1971 when it ranged 22,55% in terms of provision and in 2010 that rate decreased to 8,01%. From the diagnosis of water supply systems and their being related to economic cycles and demographic rates, we intend to provide the city with means to creat a Basic Municipal Sanitation Plan.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de viabilidade técnica da conservação de água no cilo produtivo de indústria de refrigerante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-07) CUNHA, Bruno José Costa da; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This work aims to formalize an engineering protocol containing technical procedures necessary to optimize the consumption of water in the beverage industry, through the evaluation of the potential of water conservation, determination of environmental and economic performance indicators, as well as the proposition of scenarios of water use. In order to explore the opportunities for water conservation, a water balance was carried out with the help of flow measurement methods. Water use analyzes were performed to determine areas and processes where there is significant potential for water savings. Based on the evaluations, investigations, recycling and reuse practices it was observed that the productive sector of the soft drink factory, especially the packaging stage, has the potential to reduce water consumption. The proposed scenarios can provide the company with a reduction in specific water demand from 2.53 to 1.92m³/m³refrigerants, reducing the company's groundwater abstraction by 24.1%. Thus, considering the average production of refrigerants, the daily water savings can be up to 81.4m³, while the company's specific effluent generation can be reduced by 36.7 m³ / d, equivalent to 24, 1% reduction. In addition, the operating costs of the ETE and ETA can be reduced by R$ 39,272.83 per year, representing a savings of 24.5%. Thus, this study proved that water reuse can be successfully implemented in the soft drink industry as a sustainable approach to industrial water management, since the engineering protocol established in this work proved adequate for the collection of information necessary for the control and optimization of water use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da presença de antiflamatórios não esteroides no sistema de abastecimento de água Bolonha Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-12) RIBEIRO, Caroline Mascarenhas; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-6825
The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs - NSAIDs in the Bolonha Complex, Belém-Pa, from water samples collected in the Bolonha Reservoir (raw water) and after the filtration and disinfection of the ETA Bolonha, in addition to verifying possible relationships between the NSAIDs in the study and the water quality parameters. The determination of NSAIDs was based on the solid phase extraction method, on GC-MS (Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry) for the identification of the compounds Ibuprofen (IBU) and Paracetamol (PAR), and LCMS/MS (Chromatography Liquid coupled to sequential mass spectrometry) to obtain Naproxen (NAP) and Diclofenac (DFC). The results obtained indicated the presence of the four drugs PAR, IBU, NAP and DFC in the Bolonha Complex. At point AB, the first three drugs, respectively, had an annual mean of 3.7 ng/L, 9.1 ng/L and 351.8 ng/L. At point AF, the same drugs obtained, in the same order, annual mean concentrations of 14 ng/L, 231.2 ng/L and 1932.2 ng/L. At point AT, only IBU and DFC were detected, with annual averages of 0.9 and 35.9 ng/L, respectively. It was found that the main step responsible for the elimination of drugs was chlorination, especially in the rainy season, equivalent to an annual removal efficiency of 100% in the cases of PAR and NAP, and 94%, referring to the IBU. In the correlations, no strong relationship was identified between the drugs detected in the raw (AB), filtered (AF) and treated (AT) water points. At Point AB, the approximation of the NAP with the pH color, apparent color, total iron, turbidity and E-coli variables stands out. At point AF, the same drug showed a correlation with the apparent color in the rainy season, however in the dry season it did not show strong correlations with any of the variables analyzed. At point AT, the DFC stood out with the approximation of the pH, turbidity and alkalinity variables. In general, the assessment of the presence of NSAIDs proved to be important for a better understanding of the issue of microcontaminants in the Amazon and, in addition, confirmed the hypothesis of the presence of NSAIDs in different parts of the ETA Bolonha, which may be related to the discharge of untreated sewage from the neighboring population
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da qualidade de água do sistema de aproveitamento de água da chuva instalado no Campus de Belém da Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-09-18) PACHECO, Paulo Rodrigo da Costa; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This research has main objective to analyze the rainwater quality in an experimental unit of rainwater harvesting and treatment (EURHT) with emphasis on the treatment by filtration in two different filters: sand plus activated carbon of açaí seed (mixed) and activated carbon of açaí seed. The research was developed in three steps: 1) installation of the two filters and characterization of the filter composition; 2) rainwater quality monitoring of EURHT, considering the variables: apparent color, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, total alkalinity, total coliforms and E.coli, and the investigation of the presence of microorganisms in the tank; 3) evaluation of the costs involved in the implementation of the system, considering two filtration alternatives. The sand had effective diameter of 0.62mm, uniformity coefficient of 1.42 and specific gravity of 2,632 kg/m3. Activated carbon had an effective diameter of 1.8mm, coeficiente uniformity of 0.58, a humidity of 2.10%, and density of 0.358 g/cm3. Activated carbon filter had a flow rate of 0.35 m³/h, higher than the mixed filter (0.20 m³/h), even as the filtration rate was higher (34.26 m³/m2.d) and the Mixed filter of 19.19 m³/m2.d. The roof contributed to rainwater quality degradation, increasing the values of apparent color, turbidity, electrical conductivity and total alkalinity in relation to atmospheric water, which was already expected; The self-cleaning didn’t had a proptious performance, because there was increase in the variables value apparent color, turbidity, total coliforms and E. Coli in relation to water collected after the roof; The tank was the part of system that best contributed to the improvement of rainwater quality, because there was a decrease in the variables value apparent color, turbidity and electrical conductivity in relation to water after self-cleaning; The mixed filter and the activated carbon filter didn’t had a proptious performance, because decrease the water quality arriving from the tank for all variables. The mixed filter get better results than activated carbon filter. The mixed filter was also the best financial alternative in the system. In the tank were found about 7 different microorganisms, between them: zooplankton, algae frustules and fungal spores. EURHT didn’t produce rainwater for drinking purposes, because there were pathogenic microorganisms, besides values of variables above the limit of the ordinance 2914 (BRASIL, 2011), and there is a requirement for disinfection at end of the treatment process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de dano ambiental: aplicação de um índice de qualidade em um vazadouro a céu aberto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-05) CONCEIÇÃO, Mário Marcos Moreira da; PENNER, Giovanni Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3110276957027781; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0335-5352; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-6825
The objective of this research was the adequacy and application of a waste landfill quality index (IQAR) as a management tool for the open-air dump in the municipality of Castanhal-PA. For this, a socio-environmental diagnosis was carried out in the research area, in the Urban Solid Waste (USW) management and management system in Castanhal-PA and in the recycling companies in the municipality. A simple checklist was applied to identify the potential socioenvironmental damage resulting from the inadequate disposal of USW in the open-air dump, to the secretariats linked to sanitation in the municipality, collectors and the community of the agrovila Boa Vista. To qualitatively and quantitatively assess the environmental damage generated, the Global Damage Index (IGD) was applied. In order to determine the IQAR, the results obtained were analyzed and interpreted, for later framing the open-air spillway under adequate or inadequate conditions. The indices that make up the IQAR refer to the characteristics of the location, infrastructure implemented and operational conditions. According to the data obtained, the secretariats sampled have flaws due to the lack of elaboration, monitoring, evaluation and updating of the municipal Master Plan, which is expressed by the lack of information on issues related to the leak or projects in progress. The data obtained indicated that the Directly Affected Area (ADA) and the limits used for the disposal of MSW correspond to an area of 54 hectares. Irregularities and the lack of technical criteria in the forms of final disposal of USW and tailings at the ADA are the main factors that promote socio-environmental damage. As for the most significant environmental damages in the ADA, according to the sampling of collectors, they refer to the possibility of pollution/contamination of the soil (100%) by the inadequate disposal of waste and tailings from the various commercial and industrial activities of the municipality, burning of waste (64%), deforestation (52%), water contamination (86%) and air pollution (34%). After an analysis carried out in loco, the community Boa Vista was identified as an Area of Direct Influence (AID), approximately 1km from the spillway, the extensions of the water bodies, due to constant problems related to contamination/pollution from the runoff of surface water and groundwater that can take different directions, and the unpleasant odor by the predominant direction of the winds towards that community. The data obtained to identify the socioenvironmental damages in the dump, from the application of the IGD referring to the indicators of the physical environment, indicators of the biotic and abiotic environment and of the operational conditions, indicated that all the items listed suffer damages of direct and indirect order, with emphasis on infrastructure implemented (-0.50), water (-0.51), fauna (-0.63) and flora (-0.59). Thus, the general value of the IGD (-0.44) shows the precarious conditions of all the indicators evaluated, with damages ranging from -0.33 (operating conditions) to -0.63 (fauna). The results obtained with the application of the IQAR for the characterization of the structural, operational aspects of the locational aspects of the Castanhal-PA open-air dump, indicated alarming conditions in all indicators with predominant assessments referring to inadequate, absent or insufficient conditions. According to the methodology of CETESB (2020), with the value of the IQAR (0.4), the open-air dump in Castanhal-PA has inadequate operating conditions. In order to minimize the damages diagnosed, it is necessary, from the beginning, to know the characteristics of the waste produced in that municipality, the gravimetric composition and, as a matter of urgency, an adequate system of final disposal of MSW must be implemented with: licensing of the activity, delimitation of the area, physical fencing with screens, inspection and periodic maintenance of the site and access roads.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de riscos aplicada como metodologia de controle e segurança da qualidade da água no sistema de abastecimento de Belém - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-08) ARAÚJO JUNIOR, Antonio Jorge Silva; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This study aims to use the risk assessment approach FMEA as control and safety methodology of water quality in Belém supply system. During the monitoring period were determined indicators free residual chlorine, turbidity, apparent color, pH, fluoride, total iron, total coliforms and E. coli. Collections and analyzes were performed in 46 points of Belém supplies central zone, including water treatment plants, reservoirs drop in the sectors and in the supply network. Each set of data received descriptive statistical analysis, outlier removal and passed the Kruskal Wallis test to determine significant differences between indicators of different supply sectors. It was found that the 3680 measurements, 706 showed no compliance with potability standards (BRASIL, 2011), of which 582 were in the supply network, 92 on the reservoirs drop in the sectors and 32 at treatment plants. The FMEA methodology was applied to all the analyzed indicators, and the points were divided into three groups: REDE, DRS and ETA’s. For the REDE group were identified 18 points of moderate risk and 18 points high risk. For the DRS group and ETA’s all the points were moderate risk. In this research there was no occurrence of despicable risk and critical. The indicators fluoride, total coliforms and E. coli were the most influential, accounting for approximately 15% in the risk weights. However, fluoride indicator contributes to increase the category of risk, because it showed 100% nonconformities with the fluor standards (BRASIL, 1975) in every point. After the categorization of risk, were prepared two maps, one with points and other with contours, representing the risks related to the quality of water for each one of the studied points. The contoured map was best represented the risk, as it presented more comprehensive information.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação dos impactos econômicos e sociais da tecnologia trio da produtividade na cultura da mandioca no município de Moju
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-08) SILVA, Daniel da Fonseca; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This research has been focused to evaluate the economic and social impacts from the technology’s adoption named “Trio da Produtividade” (generated Embrapa Amazônia Oriental) for the cassava crops in the city of Moju/PA. The “Trio da produtividade” is the combination of three components in the system for cassava’s production: (i) selection of manioc stem; (ii) spacing of 1 m x 1 m and (iii) weeding in the first 150 days. This analysis was carried out from the primary data collection, by means of technical panels, producers ́ interviews, advisory officers and municipal and state secretaries ́ of agriculture and the environment, and bibliographical survey. It was found that the “Trio da Produtividade” has brought economic and social impacts positive. The economic impacts was found that: (i) in terms of the root, the “Trio da Produtividade” brought an increase of 7 tons/hectare; (ii) the use of technology provides a net income per hectare of R$ 2,260.00 (61.31 % greater); (iii) about the economic feasibility, the “Trio” proved to be superior in indicators VPL, TIR, rate of return, and suffix of profitability, the production system traditionally used by farmers in the city of Moju. Regarding the social impacts, it was found that the technology showed additional benefits in relation to the traditional system, with positive values of 1.80 . In addition, the effect of the increase of production, that is reflected in higher income generation, food security and employment opportunity to relatives and local workers. The workers ́ participation in trainings on the technology’s application brings a breakthrough in the qualification of the workforce, which allows additional remuneration for the differentiation of them. It was also observed, expectation of improvement management of activity by the producers, because the training for participating and greater dedication to activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico da disponibilidade hídrica superficial da bacia hidrográfica rio Capim - BHRC: como ferramenta de suporte à decisão para outorga de recursos hídricos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-05) SILVA, Irlane Quaresma da; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; 9773700229115395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-6825
The dissertation addresses the need to monitor the quantitative water balance in the Rio Capim Watershed (BHRC), Pará, Brazil, due to the variability of precipitation throughout the year and water scarcity in some areas during dry periods. The general objective is to determine the water availability of BHRC based on the regularization of water users (issued and active water permits) as a subsidy for water resource management efficiency. To achieve this objective, the study was conducted in five stages: literature review, data collection of granted water interferences, organization of vector data for ottobasins and surface water availability from the Ottocodified Hydrographic Database of Pará (BHO/PA), data processing, and quantitative water balance assessment. Results revealed that certain municipalities have significantly more granted water permits than others, such as Paragominas (29.5%), Dom Eliseu (25%), and Ipixuna do Pará (17.5%), totaling 72% of all issued permits. Surface water in BHRC is utilized for various purposes, with irrigation being predominant, accounting for 79% of the total captured volume. Other significant uses include mineral extraction and industrial purposes, totaling 18% of the captured volume. It was identified that 180 ottobasins are directly impacted by granted water withdrawals, while 3,081 ottobasins are indirectly impacted downstream, totaling 3,181 impacted ottobasins throughout the watershed. The Surubiju River and its tributaries show the highest impact, with 89 directly impacted segments and a withdrawal flow of 206,355.73 cubic meters per day. These findings underscore the need for continuous and detailed monitoring to ensure water resource sustainability in BHRC and serve as a critical tool for decision-making in water resource allocation in Pará State.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Índice de salubridade ambiental (isa) aplicado ao municipio Belém do Estado do Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-25) COLINA, Valentina delos Ángeles Castillo; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
The main objective of this study was to adapt and apply the Environmental Health Index (ISA) in the municipality of Belém, in the state of Pará, using as reference the one developed by the Planning Chamber of the State Sanitation Council (CONESAN) in the state of São Paulo, the purpose of knowing the health conditions of urban areas and providing a tool that guides the management bodies to develop the right policies, use of resources and investment in adequate infrastructures and quality services. Secondary data obtained from the databases of the SNIS, PNAD and DATASUS were used to compose the ISA in a period of five (05) years (2012-2016); the following variables were worked out: basic water supply; sanitary sewage and solid waste, which are the aspects that most impact the quality and environmental health of a region, as well as the health aspect, which in the vector control component counted the incidence of dengue, leptospirosis and schistosomiasis. socioeconomic aspect, taking into account the variables of education, income and public health. Due to the lack of some data, the adaptation of the ISA was made, with the modification in the weights of the components, granted according to their importance. The research determined that the health situation of the urban area of the municipality of Belém is considered as "Low Health", with an average for the evaluated period of 26.61/100 points, the most critical areas being sanitary sewage and solid waste, revealing that public management does not provide these services adequately, which reflects on health and living conditions, in this way the ISA/Belém application has proven to be a viable and easy to apply method to aid in urban planning, a lot of data.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Índice de vulnerabilidade socioambiental para o enfrentamento da dengue no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-28) LOPES, Luiza de Nazaré Almeida; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
Dengue is one of the neglected tropical diseases that is important for public health in Brazil, as it inspires attention due to the increased incidence of cases influenced by macro and microfactors that provide favorable conditions for the expansion of mosquito vectors and transmission of the dengue virus (DENV). The research proposes the ecological study of dengue and the construction of a Dengue Socio-environmental Vulnerability Index (IVD) to analyze 143 municipalities in the state of Pará. The IVD design considered the selection of 34 indicators of the three fundamental components of the vulnerability concept: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The methodology consisted of the following steps: (i) selection and grouping of indicators; (ii) definition of indicators; (iii) statistical treatments; (iv) calculation of the index by multivariate analysis; (v) index normalization; and (vi) index classification using the percentile technique. In the survey, 184,000 cases of dengue were considered, of which 92,000 progressed to hospitalization by the SUS, in the period from 2001 to 2017. The epidemiological profile of dengue indicated a seasonal behavior of the disease, occurring mainly in the quarter from January to March . For the construction of the IVD, the period from 2007 to 2017 was considered, in the mapping results it was observed that 43 municipalities (30%) were classified as "Low vulnerability", with values ranging from 0.483 to 0.262. About 57 municipalities (40%) presented values with “Medium vulnerability” in the range of 0.581 to 0.483. With reference to “High vulnerability”, 43 municipalities (30%) stood out, distributed in the range from 0.771 to 0.582. The results obtained from the profile that characterized the IVD showed a predominance of “Medium to Low vulnerability”. The city of Belém, capital of Pará and located in the Guajará region, presented the lowest value for IVD (0.262). On the other hand, most municipalities in the Marajó region had the highest IVD values, namely: Cachoeira do Arari, Chaves, Ponta de Pedras, Melgaço, Santa Cruz do Arari and Anajás. The indicators that most influenced the result of the index was the “socioeconomic” factor of the populations, especially related to poverty, income, urbanization, illiteracy and solid waste management. From the application of the IVD, it can be stated that it can be used as a relevant tool for the management of dengue health surveillance in the municipalities of the Amazon region, with the potential to be studied in other regions of Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigação da condição trófica do reservatório de abastecimento de água Bolonha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-07-04) OLIVEIRA, Izabelle Ferreira de; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This study focused on the monitoring of water in the Bolonha reservoir, with a focus on obtaining the Trophic State Index (IET) during the rainy and less rainy period of the year 2016. The site is located on the grounds of the Utinga State Park (PEUT), which is located at Avenida João Paulo II, s / n - Curió Utinga, in the municipality of Belém-PA. The reservoir has an elongated shape, approximately 577,127 m² of the area and 1,954,000 cubic meters of water volume; its maximum depth is around 7.64 m. The objective of this research was to evaluate the IET of the Bolonha reservoir from the quantification of the total phosphorus and transparency variables and the application of descriptive, analytical and multivariate statistics, and it was possible to observe the distinct variations in the analysis periods. The methodology of the work consisted in the accomplishment of composite and straightforward field collections, to a point, located at the entrance of the ETA Bolonha capture, before the grating. When a seasonal comparison between less rainy and rainier periods was carried out, using the Mann Whitney hypothesis tests, it was possible to observe that pH, alkalinity, accurate color, total phosphorus and dissolved oxygen did not show a significant difference between the analyzed periods. The other variables as visible color, total suspended solids, turbidity, and IET, presented substantial differences between rainier and less rainy periods. The presence of phosphorus is evident in both periods. The Mann Whitney test revealed that there was a significant difference of the phosphorus fractions between wetter and less rainy periods, through the ρ values. The test showed that the phosphorus fractions analyzed presented significant differences (p <0.05) lower than the significance level of 5%. Through the analysis of the main component for phosphorus fractionation, it was possible to observe the formation of two distinct elements for each period (rainy and less rainy), which together explained 93% and 92.6% of the variability of the data. The IET was calculated for Bolonha, which allowed to classify the Bolonha reservoir as a eutrophic environment, both in the rainy season and in the less wet period.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ocorrência de fármacos e desreguladores endócrinos em resíduos da estação de tratamento de água do Bolonha, Belém - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-10) FERREIRA, Clara Cardoso; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-6825
Nowadays, the microcontaminants presence in water has been attracting the attention from scientific Community, since these compounds are found in small concentrations (ng/L or µg/L) and can cause adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem and human health. Therefore, the presente study aimed to investigate the occurrence of 24 drugs and endocrine disruptors in water washing from Bolonha’s Water Treatment Plant (WTP) filters, located in Belém city, Northern region of Brazil. The correlation of these microcontaminants with physicochemical and biological characteristics investigated in the studied matrix was also evaluated. For the research, six sampling campaigns were carried out during the rainy season and six sampling campaigns in the dry season during the filter chamber washing. The compounds determination was carried out by solid phase extraction and chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, gas chromatography for Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, 4-Nonylphenol, 4-Octylphenol, Bisphenol A, Gemfibrozil, Estrone, Estradiol, Etinilestradiol, Estriol, and in liquid phase for the Other compounds. The Losartana (5,5 to 738,7 ng/L) and Bisphenol A (20,9 to 518,9 ng/L) were detected in high concentrations and in all samples collected, being the compounds with the highest frequency of occurrence in matrix. The 4-Octyphenol (13,5 to 51 ng/L) and Loratadine (3,4 to 24,6 ng/L) showed low concentrations, however they were present in 11 of 12 samples showing a high frequency of occurrence in washing water. Caffeine (1090.2 ng/L) had the highest concentration among the contaminants, however, it was only detected in one sample. Multivariate analyzes showed that drugs and endocrine disruptors were more positively related to each other and to turbidity during the rainy season. It is worth noting that the compounds that were most strongly correlated with each other and with the physicochemical and biological variables of the washing water, in both periods, were 4-Octylphenol, Bisphenol A, Losartan and Loratadine. The study also suggests that the concentration of microcontaminants decreased with decreasing turbidity. In general, the results confirmed the influence of precipitation on the variables and indicated the presence of domestic sewage discharges in the supply system of the Bologna complex, especially as it is located in an area with intense anthropic activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção e caracterização de carvões ativados de caroços de açaí e sua aplicação no tratamento de água de manancial superficial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-27) SOUSA, Mônica Silva de; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This study aimed to produce activated Carbon from açai seeds, using NaOH and ZnCl2 for activating agent, to determine some physic-chemical properties of the AC and evaluated the use of AC from acai lumps as filter material in four filters to evaluate the quality of water from the surface spring. Four filters containing the support layer and the filter layer were added, two of them being CA-ZnCl2 with a particle size of 2.4 mm to 4.8 mm (Filter 1) and a particle size of 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm (Filter 2). The other 2 filters had a CA-NaOH filtering layer of the same granulometry, 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm (Filter 3) and 2.4 mm to 4.8 mm (Filter 4). The Filters were installed and monitored at the Multi-user Water Treatment Laboratory (LAMAG) of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA). The physical-chemical variables evaluated in the CAs were: moisture content, volatile material content, ash content, fixed carbon content, pH, SEM and adsorption test with methylene blue. In the physical characterization the results between the two types of coals were similar, in the adsorption tests of AM the granulometry of 1.2 mm obtained better adsorption efficiency presenting 70% of adsorption efficiency for the CA-Zncl2 and 90% for the CA -NaOH. The water quality variables evaluated in the filter monitoring were apparent color, turbidity, pH, total alkalinity and electrical conductivity. Filters 1 and 2 obtained the best results, mainly in the removal of color and turbidity; they were able to remove 43.6% and 39% of apparent color and more than 50% of water turbidity, comparing with surface water data before passing through filtration. Through the analysis of main components, it was possible to observe 3 components that together explained more than 80% of the variance. The variables apparent color and turbidity in filters 1 and 2 correlated positively, indicating improvement in filtered water quality. While the correlation between apparent color and conductivity in filters 3 and 4 corresponds to the worsening of the results of these variables.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso doméstico da água em comunidades ribeirinhas: diagnóstico das comunidades dos furos Conceição e Samaúma, na ilha das Onças, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-10-26) RODRIGUES, Fabrício César da Costa; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This research discusses the domestic use of water with the purpose of understanding what alternatives are use and utilized according to the life style of the riverside. Two riverside communities were analyzed: Conceição Hole Community and the Samauma Hole Community, both located on the Island of Onças, state of Para and whose way of life are marked by specific social economic and cultural identity. The guiding of this question in this research is; How to use the domestic waters in Riverside communities and what is the relationship of such use to the way of life of these populations? The methodology adopted in the study was a qualitative approach, from a historical - descriptive analysis sought to reconstruct the history of identities of those communities in addition to observe and understand the subjective aspects of the domestic water used in these locations. The theoretical framework of these research was based on riverside populations, and multiple use of water; beside, the great project impacts in the Amazon. It is concluded that there are changes of habits and culture man-water relations in the riverside areas of Para, because the analyzed communities have, for example, to buy water for domestic use in function of supply problems and environmental impacts that are present in hydrographic of Barcarena basins and riverbeds circulated river basins.