Dissertações em Ciência Política (Mestrado) - PPGCP/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4811

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais teve início em 2008 e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Política (PPGCP) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Audiências públicas – composição, aspectos informacionais e partidários da comissão de segurança pública e combate ao crime organizado (CSPCCO) na Câmara dos Deputados: 2007-2022.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-07) COSTA, Natalia Pinto; RUBIATTI, Bruno de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3593569714396077; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-4804
This research aims to investigate: 1) the profile of attendees at the public hearings of the Public Security and Combating Organized Crime Committee (CSPCCO) of the Chamber of Deputies, during the years 2007-2022 (53rd, 54th, 55th, and 56th legislatures), and 2) the party variations in inviting speakers to these hearings. It starts from the premise that the committee space is the institutional locus of protagonism within the decision-making process, with the structure capable of specializing lawmakers, as well as collecting information from external members of the National Congress, with Public Hearings being a tool capable of facilitating this exchange of specializations. Committees are understood as spaces where party influence and stable decision-making can be exerted. Therefore, to achieve the proposed objectives, a case study methodology on the composition/profile of CSPCO deputies during the aforementioned legislatures and a literature review on legislative organization and thematic committees in the decision-making process will be used to contribute to the research agenda that highlights thematic committees as a relevant space that generates various informational and partisan gains. The results showed that there are indications that partisan incentives in this committee exhibit strong informational traits in the hearings. The analysis also highlighted the importance and multiplicity of objectives that public hearings can assume.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica da política de mineração em territórios indígenas nos governos da nova república
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-17) SIQUEIRA, Isabella Feitoza; CABRAL, Eugênia Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2195250873603926; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-1465
In 2020, the Brazilian Executive Branch introduced Bill (PL) 191/2020 to the National Congress, which was expedited under an emergency designation that same year. This legislative measure, designed to regulate mining activities within Indigenous Territories (ITs), was not the first government initiative on this issue, nor was it the first time that mining in ITs was discussed within the combined political agendas of the executive and legislative branches. Despite the lack of resolution on this political issue by 2023, it has been acknowledged by political authorities as a significant concern and has consistently been included on the agendas of the executive and legislative branches for the past 40 years, and more recently, of the judiciary. The issue has prompted numerous debates and conflicts over interests among parliamentarians most actively involved. Given the political and social significance of the topic, the principal aim of this study is to analyze the evolution and diversification of conflicts, strategies, and discourses related to indigenous mineral policy within the Legislative Branch since the enactment of the current Brazilian Federal Constitution. This research involved several stages of data review and categorization, focusing on legislative initiatives concerning the issue. The comprehensive dataset analyzed includes: 47 bills, 3 complementary bills, 2 provisional measures, 30 legislative decree projects, 1 constitutional amendment, and 167 parliamentary amendments from both the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate. These initiatives were evaluated using the content analysis method as proposed by Bardin (1977). Additionally, the profiles of key political actors involved over time were scrutinized. The organization and analysis of the results employed the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith (1994), enhanced by the methodological approaches and reflections of Capano (2009; 2012) and Kay (2006) for conducting dynamic analyses of public policies. The analysis identified two advocacy coalitions that have significantly influenced the agenda on mining in Indigenous Territories over time. The first coalition, advocating for the maximization of mineral extraction in Amerindian territories, comprises political actors financed by the mining and agribusiness sectors; they oppose the demarcation of Indigenous lands and support illegal mining. The second coalition contends that mineral exploitation in Indigenous lands should incorporate stringent social, environmental, and economic preservation measures. Ultimately, the ideas and interests of these advocacy coalitions, actions by the Executive Branch, the institutional framework of the National Mining Agency, and Brazil’s international image, have been pivotal in shaping the variations and stalemates of this decision-making agenda within the Legislative Power over time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Financiamento de campanha e doação de partidos: um estudo sobre a disputa eleitoral de candidatos LGBT+ às Câmaras Municipais (2016 - 2020)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-25) PINHEIRO, Fernanda do Nascimento; ALMEIDA, Naiara Sandi de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3451135311500060; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3343-5097; SOUZA, Carlos Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7158504535308341
The political representation of minorities is essential for the construction of inclusive democratic institutions, enabling the demands of historically marginalised groups to be incorporated into public debate and the political landscape. The LGBT+ population represents a small group in the Brazilian Congress, but the growing number of candidates from this segment in the country's electoral disputes suggests a new horizon in the political representation of this group. Considering the social stigmatisation of this population both inside and outside the political arena, we question the reasons behind the low rate of LGBT+ candidates who were successful in the 2016 and 2020 elections. Specialised literature has pointed to the lack of symbolic capital and resources to finance electoral campaigns as factors that makes the electoral race more difficult. Thus, the main objective of this research is to analyse how inequalities in campaign financing influence the performance of LGBT+ candidates compared to heterosexual candidates in Brazilian municipal elections. We assume that (h1) LGBT+ candidates raise a lower rate of funds than heterosexual candidates; that (h2) racialised candidates receive lower funding than their non-racialised peers; and finally, that (h3) the distribution of campaign funds differs according to the political-ideological spectrum of the parties. Methodologically, we employed a quantitative method, using descriptive analyses of data collected from the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) and non-governmental organisations on the 2016 and 2020 municipal elections. The results pointed out that LGBT+ candidates raise fewer funds and that racialised candidates face more difficulties in terms of funding and electoral performance. In addition, a disparity was identified in the distribution of resources according to the political-ideological spectrum of the parties, with left-wing parties showing greater financial support than right-wing parties.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Jovens e idosos na política local: uma avaliação comparativa do perfil sociopolítico das candidaturas nas eleições municipais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-18) MOREIRA, Jade Neves; SOUZA, Carlos Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7158504535308341
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Partidos políticos, relação executivo-legislativo e a produção legislativa da comissão de constituição, justiça e cidadania do Senado Federal de 2003 a 2018
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-24) CARVALHO, Rodrigo Cordeiro; RUBIATTI, Bruno de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3593569714396077; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-4804
Considering the legislative studies agenda on the Brazilian Federal Senate, due to its role in the decision-making process, and the contribution of this agenda to discover the characteristics of the functioning of parliamentary committees, this research is based on the following problem. Did the parties coordinate the Executive-Legislative relationship in the legislative production of the Senate's Committee on Constitution, Justice, and Citizenship (CCJ) from 2003 to 2018? From this, the objectives are: to verify if there is a positive relationship between senators' previous political experience and their chances of occupying the CCJ; to observe if the party of the committee's president tends to appoint rapporteurs from its own party; to examine if there is a positive relationship between the occupation of the CCJ by the government coalition and the number of executive projects reported by this group each year; to check if there is a positive relationship between the degree of ideological heterogeneity of the government coalition and the frequency of using the terminative power in the CCJ. To do so, it was first discovered who occupied the CCJ and by which parties at the beginning and end of each legislative session through the Annual Reports of the Presidency (from 2003 to 2018); then, based on the biographies of the parliamentarians, data related to prior expertise (political career [number of mandates of the parliamentarian when occupying the CCJ and previous passage through elective positions in the Executive or Legislative branches], level of education, and profession) of these occupants were observed; finally, based on the results of the CCJ's deliberative meetings, information on authorship, rapporteurship, and opinions of each legislative proposition was collected - this stage, when necessary, was complemented by biographical research about federal deputies (in order to discover their respective party affiliations at the moments of voting on the matters, when the authorship was by a deputy). All the necessary documents and information to fulfill the described steps are available on the websites of the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. The data treatment was done using Excel spreadsheets, resulting in tables and graphs on the CCJ's occupation and legislative production throughout the established time frame. It is concluded that: the CCJ is mostly occupied by coalition government parties, but it presents equal chances of being chaired by both this group and the opposition, with the overall occupation characterized by senators in their first term in the Senate and with previous passages through both the Executive and Legislative branches, who remain in the committee for just over four years, have higher education, and are lawyers or professors, aged between 50 and 69 years, representing the male gender; the parties in the committee's presidency appoint more rapporteurs from their own parties, with a dominance of the coalition, both in rapporteurship and in proposition, and it also dominates the rapporteurship of executive initiatives; the results indicated by the rapporteurs are mostly for approval without changes (39.2%), but are closely followed by approval with alterations (amendment/substitute, 36.7%), and the voting on these opinions results in approval in 98.6% of cases, mostly with the non-terminative decision type (64.1%), while the percentage of terminative decisions seems negatively related to the degree of ideological heterogeneity of the coalition.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O perfil sociopolítico de candidaturas evangélicas: um estudo das eleições municipais de 2016 e 2020
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-27) CONCEIÇÃO, Rafael Cavalcante Lisboa da; SOUZA, Carlos Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7158504535308341
This research was developed with the aim of analyzing the participation of evangelical candidates in the electoral sphere, using as a locus of investigation the municipal elections held in 2016 and 2020 in the various municipalities that make up the political geography of Brazil. In short, the objective is to understand the profile of candidacies from evangelical people in the process of forming legislative benches in the sphere of local power, based on indicators of social differentiation such as: gender, race, education, age group and party ideology. The data were organized based on the electoral data repository of the Superior Electoral Court and support the thesis that even among the evangelical community certain social profiles such as being white, male, married and having experience within congregations are more valued to the detriment of women and black people, even if they have greater education and actively participate in the work carried out within churches.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A representação de candidaturas negras no cenário político brasileiro: um estudo das eleições municipais de 2016 e 2020
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-28) SILVA, Mariana Costa da; SOUZA, Carlos Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7158504535308341

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