Teses em Zoologia (Doutorado) - PPGZOOL/ICB
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3419
O Doutorado Acadêmico foi criado em 1999 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise filogenética de Leptodeira Fitzinger, 1843 e taxonomia das espécies do clado do sul do complexo Leptodeira annulata/septentrionalis (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) COSTA, João Carlos Lopes; ZAHER, Hussam; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8833733577277501; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Leptodeira is a Neotropical genus of snakes with nine species, divided in four morphological groups: annulata with the species L. annulata (L. a. annulata, L. a. ashmeadi, L. a. cussiliris, L. a. pulchriceps, L. a. rhombifera), L. bakeri, L. maculata, L. frenata (L. f. frenata, L. f. malleisi, L. f. yucatanensis), L. uribei; septentrionalis with L. septentrionalis (L. s. septentrionalis, L. s. larcorum, L. s. ornata, L. s. polysticta), L. splendida (L. s. splendida, L. s. bressoni, L. s. ephippiata); nigrofasciata only with L. nigrofasciata; and the punctata group represented by L. punctata. In the last taxonomic review of the genus, many species were considered as subspecies, being characterized primarily based on pattern of color. However, recent molecular analyses did not corroborate the taxonomic arrangement previously proposed. The two species with larger geographic distribution and more number of subspecies, L. annulata and L. septentrionalis, did not have their monophyly validated. In the more recent phylogenetic proposal of Leptodeira, the monophyly of the L. annulata/septentrionalis complex was obtained from molecular characters, being recovered two clades geographically distinct: a North clade, in the south of North America and north of Central America (L. s. polysticta ((L. rubricata - L. a. rhombifera) ((L. a. cussiliris - L. maculata) L. a. cussiliris))); and a South clade in south of Central America and entire South America ((L. s. ornata–L. a. annulata) (L. s. ornata (L. bakeri (L. a. ashmeadi–L. a. annulata)))). In this work I present a phylogenetic hypothesis for Leptodeira and I review taxonomically the clade South of the L. annulata/septentrionalis complex, presenting a new taxonomic arrangement for the group. Thus, the present thesis is organized in: General Introduction, where were presented the information about taxonomy and systematics of Leptodeira, specially of the annulata/septentrionalis complex; Chapter 1 entitled “Phylogenetic analysis of Leptodeira (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)”, with the aim of proposing a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus, based in molecular characters; and the Chapter 2 entitled “Taxonomy of the species of the South clade of the L. annulata/septentrionalis complex (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)”, which have the objective of characterize morphologically the clades obtained from the molecular analysis and of propose a new taxonomic arrangement for the group.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ecologia do bagre Ageneiosus ucayalensis Castelnau, 1855 (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) em uma ria fluvial da Amazônia oriental(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) OLIVEIRA, Valéria de Albuquerque; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936237097107099Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito das paisagens modificadas por práticas agrícolas sobre a composição e estrutura das assembléias e espécies de Drosophilidae (Diptera)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-28) FURTADO, Ivaneide da Silva; MARTINS, Marlúcia Bonifácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8882047165338427The Amazon Rainforest holds the largest biodiversity in the world. It occupies more than 40% of the Brazilian surface. In recent years the rates of forest loss and degradation of Amazonia have considerably increased as a result of agricultural expansion, creating a mosaic of highly modified landscapes. These changes endanger both biodiversity and ecosystem services associated with it, besides causing severe stress on the species. Effects of stress can result in physiological changes that are reflected in morphological differentiation among remnant populations, which now occupy the new landscape. The objective of this study was to test the effect of some types of land use on the assembly of frugivorous Drosophilidae and on the morphology of some species originally settled within the forest areas that have become a patchwork landscape containing forest fragments, ecological succession and crop zones. The first study was conducted in three agricultural villages and the second within six locations, including three preserved forest areas. Sampling was performed in a standardized manner, with traps placed along the established transects on the use of predominant land within the area of study. Our results showed that the richness of the species did not differ between different types of land use, but the distributions and abundances of the species' composition were clearly distinct between intensive agricultural uses and forest systems. The forest's coverage and the relative humidity were the variables determining the distribution of the species. The agricultural uses were characterized by cosmopolitan non-native species associated with more open areas. There were found morphological differences between the individuals caught in the areas of preserved forest and agricultural use zones, regardless of the species. Surprisingly, the number of individuals captured in the forests was always lower compared to those captured in the more intensive types of use. These results show the effects of landscape mutation on the remaining populations of native species, indicating the range of quantitative and qualitative alterations on the set of species. However, the maintenance of the forest patches on areas of agricultural use can benefit the permanency of native species in these landscapes.