Dissertações em Ciências Farmacêuticas (Mestrado) - PPGCF/ICS
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2313
O Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências Farmacêuticas teve início em 2005 e homologado pelo CNE e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Composição química e efeitos antinociceptivo e antiinflamatório em roedores do óleo essencial de Peperomia serpens (Sw) Loud(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06-20) PINHEIRO, Bruno Gonçalves; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402; SOUSA, Pergentino José da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909053957915090The Peperomia serpens (Piperaceae), popularly known as “carrapatinho”, is an epiphyte and herbaceous liana grown wild on different host trees in the Amazon rainforest. Its leaves are largely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain and asthma. This study investigated the effects of essential oil of P. serpens (EOPs) in standard rodent models of pain and inflammation. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated using chemical (acetic acid and formalin) and thermal (hot plate) models of nociception in mice whereas the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan (Cg) - and dextraninduced paw edema tests in rats croton oil-induced ear edema, as well as cell migration, rolling and adhesion induced by Cg in mice. Additionally, phytochemical analysis of the EOPs has been also performed. Chemical composition of the EOPs was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty five compounds, representing 89.6% of total oil, were identified. (E)-Nerolidol (38.0%), ledol (27.1%), α-humulene (11.5%), (E)- caryophyllene (4.0%) and α-eudesmol (2.7%) were found to be the major constituents of the oil. Oral pretreatment with EOPs (62.5-500 mg/kg) significantly reduced the writhing number, with an ED50 value of 188.8 mg/kg that was used thereafter in all tests. EOPs had no significant effect on hot plate test but reduced the licking time in both phases of the formalin test, an effect that was not significantly altered by naloxone (0.4 mg/kg, s.c.). EOPs inhibited the edema formation induced by Cg and dextran in rats. In mice, EOPs inhibited the edema formation by croton oil as well as the leukocyte and neutrophil migration, the rolling and the adhesion of leukocytes. These data show for the first time that EOPs has a peripheral antinociceptive effect that seems unrelated to interaction with the opioid system and a significant anti-inflammatory effect in acute inflammation models.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudos farmacognósticos, fitoquímicos e biológicos de Annona glabra L. (Annonaceae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-12) BRÍGIDO, Heliton Patrick Cordovil; MARINHO, Moacir do Rosario Marinho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2511998363000599; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649In this study, the Annona glabra underwent pharmacognostic, phytochemicals and biological studies (leishmanicide and antimicrobial activity). In pharmacognostic studies, we used the methods described in Brazilian Pharmacopoeia V ed. (2010). The ethanolic extract (EE) was obtained by maceration of the powder batch of shells with ethanol. The extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition with hexane and 10% aqueous methanol resulting in hexane (HF), and methanol (MF) fractions. The MF was submitted to Sephadex column. This procedure resulted in 46 fractions that were analyzed in thin layer chromatography and revealed with sulfuric acid, Dragendorff, and ultraviolet (360 nm) being assembled into 5 groups according to their chromatographic profiles. Group 3 was purified by column chromatography on a preparative scale yielding the G3-1 sample. EE, MF, HF, Group 2 and G3-1 were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The G3-1 sample was analysed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). To evaluate the antimicrobial activity, methods of agar diffusion (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and microdilution (MIC) were used. The EE and its fractions were subjected to leishmanicide activity test (Leishmania amazonensis). The powder was classified as coarse and low-density, with ash and moisture contents within the parameters established by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. In HPLC-DAD, the main peaks of EE and its fractions were presented in UV absorption spectrum of 240 nm to 280 nm, and 300 nm to 400 nm suggestive respectively Band II (Ring A), and band I (ring B ) of flavonoid. The G3-1 chemical structure was identified as flavonoid rutin. In the agar diffusion test, we observed the formation of halos in EE and MF only in Staphylococcus aureus plates. In the microdilution assay, the EE and FM showed MIC> 1000 mg / mL, considered inactive. In antileishman test, the EE showed IC50> 200 / ml. The MF and HF also showed IC50> 200 / ml; however, they inhibited the growth of promastigotes respectively in 20% and 33.7%. The subtractions and G3-1 Group 2 showed IC50> 200 / ml, but the concentration of 200 / ml inhibited the parasite growth by approximately 45%. The EE, fractions, and subfractions were inactive against L. amazonensis amastigotes. However, the HF concentrations of 250 and 125 g / ml inhibited infection in 39.1% and 18.7%. In short, EE and its fractions were shown to be inactive in the antimicrobial and leishmanicide trials, but fractionation contributed to increase activity suggesting that active substances must be at low levels in extract and its fractions.