Dissertações em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (Mestrado) - PPGDSTU/NAEA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2296

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). O Mestrado em Planejamento do Desenvolvimento (PLADES) foi implantado em 1977 e foi pioneiro dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu das áreas de humanidades e ciências sociais aplicadas na Amazônia.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impacto da dinâmica da demanda dos frutos de açaí nas relações socioeconômicas e composição florística no estuário amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-31) ALVEZ VALLES, Carlos Mariano; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
In recent decades the demand for açaí in the state of Pará increased gradually given that the production and market of açaí fruit are the basis of the economy of more than 20 cities of Pará. The practice of extraction of açaí is carried out by men, women and children, driving up the consumption and currently turning to marketing. Due to this fact, the dynamic extraction of açaí began to change by the increased demand of açaí for the market, especially for the value the importance and economic interest. This study aims to assess the impact of changes of demand of açaí fruit in the (i) socioeconomic relation of income of açaí and (ii) density and floristic composition of agro-forestry areas managed by the riverine populations. The study was conducted in the Sao Joao Batista community, municipality of Abaetetuba, Pará - Brazil. The population's main source of labor extraction of açaí fruit. This was done with semi-structured and open interviews to the families of the community considered small and median açaí producers. The interviews encompassed two components, the economic aspect and the social aspect. In addition, data were collected daily on the amount of the basket of açaí berry collected, consumed and sold, and the price of each basket, in order to characterize the production and price in the different seasons of the crop. Also conducted a floristic inventory through an inventory in order to characterize the vegetation, to assess the density and floristic composition of palm area. For this set up a total of 10 plots of 20 x 50 m (1000 m2 or 0.1 ha) distributed in five selected properties, measuring the diameter of all trees adults > 10 cm DAP and palm trees with DAP > 2 cm and estimated the total height (H) of each individual from the base to the highest point of the leaves. The analysis of the diversity of palm areas used the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson index through the statistical program PAST - PAlaentologicalSTatistics, ver. 1.27. The main results were that the population of São João Batista community, the commercialization of acai as the main family income, and smaller-scale fishing for fish and shrimp. The sale of the production of açaí is made to intermediaries (marreteiros) (55%), market Abaetetuba (29%), the market in Belém (10%) and to marreteiro and/or market Abaetetuba (6%). The municipality of Abaetetuba from 2005 has a drop in extractive production from 10,500 t (2004) to 900 t (2005) and progressively decreasing until 770 t (2008). But, the amount of cultivated açaí production increased from 15,625 t (2003) to 131,250 t (2008) representing 99.4% of total production. In the community, was inventoried 1043 individuals of trees with a total of 11 families and 28 species, occupying larger basal areas the families Arecaceae (8.83) and Fabaceae (6.77) and with larger numbers of individual (831 and 147 respectively). The species with the highest importance value index (IVIS) and density were Euterpe oleracea (777 individuals), Pterocarpus sp. (126) and Mauritia flexuosa (50). Obtained low values in the Simpson 0.4275 and Shannon 1.071 index, which indicates that it has a low diversity resulting from management activities and extraction of palm heart and açaí fruit leading to a monoculture for consumption and sale of fruits. As a conclusion the increase of price is forced by rising demand, causing the expansion of areas for cultivation and planting of açaí to increase the production. The socioeconomic impact of management and cultivation of palm areas on the riverside and extractive economy of the Amazon estuary generates great opportunities for employment, income and quality of life for the people of the plains and the urban centers, especially favoring to the poor people
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso dos recursos naturais e sazonalidade no estuário amazônico: estratégias e gestão dos produtores de açaí
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-07) SOLIS, Karol Natalie Lavado; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
The dissertation includes a socio-economic and ecological-environmental perspective in order to identify and understand the answers found by the producers of açaí to improve the way of life to social, natural, and environmental disturbances in the Amazon estuary ecosystem. The research was conducted in five communities in the Islands Abaetetuba, Pará - Brazil. The sample was obtained by the technique of snowball, and consisted of 120 riverine families. The various procedures (right observation, semi-structured and open interviews, information sheets daily production activities, and development of eco-seasonal calendar), were used to support the analysis, which focused on analyzing the economic strategies of uses natural resources by producers of açaí as adaptive response to seasonal ecosystem. The data reveal that the exploitation and sale of açaí fruits (78%) are the main economic activities of the estuarine floodplain, followed by fishing livelihoods activities (fish: 64% shrimp and 63%), and the extraction of Buriti (36%), which are considered complementary activities in the coastal economy. Situation that at risk by intensifying the cultivation of açaí and tendency to monoculture of the palm and services changing the diversity of the estuarine ecosystem. But these activities are not, however, developed in isolation, but are part of a complex and integrated system of production and diverse use of natural resources, in view of generating more income for families. By adaptation (resilience) generated from living with the changes or environmental and economic (intensification of cultivation of açaí, increasing temperatures, intensification of rainfall, air and water pollution), the disruption strategy of diversifying economic activities will allow riparians have higher annual gross income and improve the quality of ecosystem services (good local climate regulation, increased production of nutrients to the soil, and have higher carbon stocks).

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