Dissertações em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (Mestrado) - PPGAU/ITEC
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4463
O Mestrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo está inserido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (PPGAU), da Universidade Federal do Pará. É um curso ministrado sobre a responsabilidade do Instituto de Tecnologia (ITEC) da UFPA.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Cidade, desenho e natureza: uma reflexão sobre os espaços livres de Marabá(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-13) PONTES, Louise Barbalho; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395The present work seeks to investigate the relationship between urbanization and the physical support through the features of Maraba's open spaces system (city located at Para's southeast, in the amazon context, presents itself in economic border situation, is object of urban experimentation and disconnected urban fabric filled with open spaces). To accomplish that, it’s needed to unravel the dichotomist view of city and nature through three analysis scale (global, national and local) unveiling conceptual placement socially created in rich countries that would suit as a background for the urban space production all over the world. The timelines developed from this conceptual deconstruction show that while in rich countries the ecological reconstruction and the quality of urban life is already pursed, in the economic border city, the economic rationality megalomania overlaps everyone and everything, leaving as a result great environmental end social tensions. However, the study invites to the reflection towards to new potentials for urban solutions in these spaces, precisely because of the non-occurrence of the complete territorial en social conversion, on the premise that the processes of urbanization of these cities happen in a single space-time, that has as privilege, the possibility of learn from the secular outline of world urban experiences and also from the traditional local knowledge that knew how to combine along time city and nature. From the science point of view the attention regarding the contemporary city form and the lenses capable of reveling the city materiality and its potential: the urban design and the landscape approach, as the starting point to elaborate a guide for empirical analysis formed by city apprehension instruments (scale, layers, borders and processes), tools for elaborate it (cartography, field investigation, people counting and interviews) and spatial quality parameters (diversity, attractiveness, comfort, access, security and identity). This way, Maraba's open spaces system is presented in a intermedium scale perspective (territorial, urban and district scale) and in objective and subjective layers (biophysical, urban and world's point of view) that reveals, besides its complexity, three degradation and fading processes (of the yard, of the public spaces and of preservation areas) and a great potential to reverse the loss – for there is a potential of an open space system structure - that unites possibilities to gather urban, environmental and cultural demands, and if thought as a coherent design could contribute to reestablish connections between urban cores that form the city with the biome and contribute to the fortification of local identity.Item Desconhecido A ilusão da igualdade: natureza, justiça ambiental e racismo em Belém(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-31) MIRANDA, Thales Barroso; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-453XThis master thesis comes from a concern about the lack of recognition of social and racial inequalities as structuring elements in the production of urban space in Brazil, mainly by environmental studies. Address the exploitation of the environment to achieve profit and favor certain social classes that have control of land ownership, and social and political power, it has been the most common approach in the Brazilian context. In the context of an Amazonian city like Belém, flat relief and water stand out as historically dynamic elements of urban occupation and disproportionately more severe environmental consequences for certain social groups. Thus, this master thesis aims to reveal environmental injustices and social and racial inequalities in the production of the urban space of Belém, historically marked by rentier urban growth, by territorial dispute and countless environmental consequences. The methodological procedure was diverse, first of all it started with a bibliographic review about nature, Brazilian racial issue, and the sociospatial formation of Belem. Then, it was made analysis of urban growth patterns of the metropolitan region of Belem, through digital rating techniques of orbital images, with two periods of time (1984 to 1999 and 1999 to 2018). The same period of time selected were used to analyze the urban occupation and the hydrological impacts in the river basin of the Metropolitan Region of Belem. To conclude, it was made analysis of socioeconomic, racial, environmental and urban infrastructure data of Belem. The obtained results show that there is a correlation between the urban spot, the vegetal cover and the reduction of adequate rates for the operation of river basins in the Metropolitan Region of Belem. Furthermore, it was verified that two out of three people live in the flooding area of Belem, which is mostly composed of black and low-income people. It was also verified that the overflow in the city match with the flooding susceptible areas, due to the lack of urban drainage and the incapacity of public management of the territory, masked with a speech which blames the nature. It is conclude that the environmental issues in the urban space of Belem affect unequally the population of the city and they are based on structures of political, economic and social power grounded in racism and inequality.Item Desconhecido Novas centralidades na malha urbana da região metropolitana de belém: estudo aplicado ao espaço da rodovia Augusto Montenegro(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-01) GUIMARÃES, Gisele Joicy da Silva; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548In this dissertation are identified centers and sub-centers from the perspective of Space Syntax and empirical analysis uses and values of urban land. The Centre, as explanatory category of urban form is characterized by identifying a single core composed of more integrated way in the urban system, while the sub-centers are connected to this core through arrangements morphological relatively less integrated than the Center. Using such an approach, we carried out the investigation of the centrality applied to recent economic and spatial transformations of the Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), focusing on the area of Rod. Augusto Montenegro, called "Nova Belém". Considering the important role of real estate developers in the process of urban recovery, we sought to understand the economic growth experienced by this settlement and at the same time, view their gradual consolidation as a new real estate space, possibly a new metropolitan center. This research also appropriates the theory of urban sprawl to analyze the creation of centers, subcenters and centralities are products of daily movements along the main roads of the urban area, raising the question of accessibility decisive factor in the differentiation of Use and land value in RMB. The centrality is taken, as well as a specific condition that the settlements might acquire as a result of the combination of two factors: i) the attraction and concentration of land uses and ii) road accessibility and fluidity of the road network, taking up in view of its influence on the choices of land use.Item Desconhecido O programa minha casa, minha vida e a expansão urbana na cidade de Marabá- PA: um estudo dos núcleos São Félix e Morada Nova(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-29) LEÃO, Renato Freitas de Castro; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548This study aims to analyze the current process of urban sprawl in Marabá, Para state, by analyzing the implantation of Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV) in the districts Sao Felix and Morada Nova. It is evaluated how the housing units developed into PMCMV - Group 1 (for families with monthly income up to R$ 1.600,00) impact that process and whether, finnaly, they constitute a new moment in the city's urban sprawl. It was observed that, after the implantation of two developments already built and implying the repercussions after the conclusion of other two still being built, the significant increase in the number of households, as well as in the infrastructure, will reinforce both districts as urban sprawl vectors where the process of public-private partnership has the following characteristics: a) an enhancement in the peripheral character of the location of social housing without changes in the urban structure of the districts Maraba Pioneira, Nova Maraba and Cidade Nova; b) the occurrence of real estate speculation within the process in which rural lands were converted into urban lands; c) strong participation of real estate capital which, by the rules of PMCMV, is the one who has the initiative for the developments, within the same logic of production for market housing; d) Relative absence of the Municipality as an actor in that process, also due to the conduction of the program by the Federal Government in partnesrhip with the private sector. Due to that, it was possible to observe that the implantation of PMCMV - Group 1 ends up being a means for the real estate capital to strengthen the situation of districts Sao Felix and Morada Nova as urban expansion areas of the city, specially as a place for residence of low-income population and reproduction of the labor force, constituting Marabá as a significant example of capitalist production of urban space.Item Desconhecido Transformações recentes no uso e dominialidade das áreas das forças armadas no cinturão institucional de Belém(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-19) LOPES, Rebeca Silva Nunez; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548Land use and occupation planning of rural land turned into the city which become institutional land use are related to limitations in the implementation of Master Plans set out in municipalities following the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and City Statute Law. The military presence in the Amazon Region during the 20th Century two dictatorial governments justified land acquisition next to the urban center of Belém, in terms of national security, formed an ˜Institutional Belt”. Currently, occupation of those military areas have been changed because of real estate valuation after successive state interventions, which are occupied by new land uses upon legal disposal for the Para State Government or even for private companies. The overall objective of this dissertation is to discuss these changes in the “Belém’s Institutional Belt”, from an analysis of its land ownership patterns, and the factors that influenced those changes, analyzing the relationship between federal State and Municipality. The assessment sheds light on a legal permissiveness of purchases and estate exchange as a limitation for urban growth in concordance with the social function of land and city.