Dissertações em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (Mestrado) - PPGAU/ITEC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4463

O Mestrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo está inserido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (PPGAU), da Universidade Federal do Pará. É um curso ministrado sobre a responsabilidade do Instituto de Tecnologia (ITEC) da UFPA.

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Arquitetura e lugar: entre o conhecimento formal e os saberes locais no habitat ribeirinho da Amazônia em Barcarena (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-10-01) VIRGÍLIO, Mariana Fayad; PERDIGÃO, Ana Klaudia de Almeida Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0668-8603
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Quando o olhar abraça: um flâneur experienciando as ambiencias do comércio informal de Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-01) SOUZA, Everton Ronniery Tavares; SILVA, Luiz de Jesus Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1834457786441101; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9037-5081
The existing dynamics in the urban space results from diversified historical, social and economic transformations, which are intertwined with informality. In this sense, it was not only the affective relationships and social proximity that had abrupt changes over time, but a whole commercial and social collective that induced such dynamics. This research aims, then, to reflect about the informal work more traditionally known, from the concepts of perception and subjectivity, in one of the main corridors of popular commerce in the city of Belém: Conselheiro João Alfredo and Santo Antônio Streets. Based on this essence, the research presents a historical evolutionary line, highlighting the origins of informal commerce, as well as presenting ethnographic and perceptive incursions regarding the built environment, the informal work protagonist and his reality, culminating with reflections about the meaning that informality has for the city, accompanied by the sensitive map of the lived ambiences.
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O espaço periurbano de Belém (PA) entre transformações, resistências e re-existências
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-03-28) VICENTE, Letícia Ribeiro; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte
It is understood that the peri-urban spaces of cities in the Amazon are today border spaces, where it is possible to perceive disputes and coexistences between different productive activities and different ways of life, which have undergone rapid transformations in recent decades. Areas of urban expansion, enterprises and industrial facilities coexist with areas understood as traditional, occupied by riverside communities, indigenous and quilombola communities. On the one hand, we can see the movement of transformations (arrival of the new/modern, disarticulations), and, on the other hand, resistance (maintenance of the old/traditional, search for the maintenance of ways of life linked to nature). At first sight these movements function as opposites, or as double negation, thesis and antithesis. But there are also syntheses, which are manifestations of the culmination of several re-existences, in which apparent dichotomies coexist and the possibilities of possible paths for the Amazon reside. To understand the transformations and local resistance, the stages of urbanization (spatial-time) presented by Lefebvre (1999) were used, divided into rural, urban-industrial and urban-utopia eras. From a dialectical perspective, the rural era works as a thesis. This era is present today through manifestations understood in this dissertation as resistances. As an antithesis, the second stage of urbanization, the urban-industrial era, is understood here as transformations. As a synthesis, the era of urban-utopia is presented as a possibility to glimpse what was called re-existence. In an attempt to contemplate a little of the regional diversity, the object of study of this dissertation is built around the peri-urban space of Belém (PA), a city (and municipality) that works as a significant example for historically playing the role of an Amazon metropolis. To this end, the peri-urban space of Belém (PA) was analyzed considering the transformations and resistances that permeate its socio-spatial production throughout history, as well as the contemporary re-existences that demonstrate the potential for emancipation and strengthening of communities that depend on of nature management. The discussion about peri-urban spaces in different contexts was presented, bringing it closer to that of Amazonian cities. In the analysis of the peri-urban space of Belém (PA), it was concluded that historically this space was constituted as a regional extended peri-urban space, since Belém had great political and economic centrality, which made it possible to articulate and interact directly with several places within the Amazon. It is considered, however, that from the second half of the 20th century onwards, several national and international processes diminished the centrality of Belém and its ability to exert influence regionally. It was noted at the local scale that the availability of land in the peri-urban space of Belém makes the peripheral, the expansion area and the communities that depend on the management of nature mix. Through some selected case studies, the re-existences that permeate the socio-spatial production of the peri-urban space of Belém were also investigated and analyzed. The re-existences made it possible to visualize that the constitution of the peri-urban space of Belém is, on the one hand, directly linked to economic, political and cultural impositions from distant places, and at the same time, it presents an enormous potential for the emancipation of local communities, which emerges from the alliance between culture, nature, and social justice. It also points out the recognition of otherness as a path to the era of urban-utopia.
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A mulher e a cultura arquitetônica na modernização de Belém: discursos e práticas entre 1950-1970
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-11) LIMA, Izabelle Karoline Machado; VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza Pont; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-3844
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Análise urbanístico-ambiental: condomínios fechados horizontais “Ecológicos” da Região Metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-10) SILVA, Marta Gonçalves Tavares da; PONTE, Juliano Pamplona Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9287377245887247; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-8409
This dissertation starts from the concern to investigate whether the housing typological structure, called Horizontal Closed Condominiums present in the Hydrographic Basins of the Metropolitan Region of Belém, present themselves as a solution for an ecological urban settlement. It is a housing typological structure that,in order to provide regulation as a settlement, promotes legislative cuts and finds connivance and prerogatives on the part of the public power that approves it. The Ecological Horizontal Closed Condominiums use the philosophical ideals of naturalism, creating a real estate product disseminated as a preservationist urban settlement, active in the production of urban space. Promotionally, they are place names with a commercial purpose of an ecological product boasting a tamed, reserved and exclusive nature. The objective is, therefore, to analyze theperformance and the form of occupation of the Ecological Horizontal Closed Condominiums in the scale of the Hydrographic Basins of the Metropolitan Region of Belém, specifically in BH Ariri and BH Benfica, if in fact they present urban performance - environmental, being able to be classified as ecological structures, since they are offered as an urban typology that is intended to have less environmental impact. Considering the typology of the Ecological Horizontal Closed Condominiums, this dissertation has the contribution in the method of the comprehensive approach in the field of Landscape Architecture, proposing to use the rationalization of the environmental dynamics and the urban occupation, culminating with the study of the functionality of the Hydrographic Basin - fundamental for ecological analysis - guided by urban and environmental parameters observed through aspects of vegetation cover, permeability - greater relevance to environmental performance - capillarity and morphological studies regarding the design of the urban mesh / road system, complemented with the base of social data, population density, income, and the presence of subnormal agglomerations in the Hydrographic Basins. The spatial arrangement of this housing is nothing more than a marketing real estate product with a preservationist philosophical content of very low permeability, they are structures that, in addition to ignoring the environmental aspect, are configured as propellers to the increase of impermeable surfaces, determining unsatisfactory socio environmental consequences, enhancing the environmental risk to the population present in the Hydrographic Basins. In view ofthe empty specificities that constitute this housing product -, freely established in the urban territory, directed only by housing zoning -, they are authorized to be called urban aberrations implanted in the territory, refuting aspects of ecological settlement and, therefore, establishing themselves with an environmental hoax.
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Residências Art Déco no bairro do Reduto em Belém-PA: entre a modernização e o tradicionalismo (1930-1950)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-09) GOMES, Lúcio Mozart Oliveira; VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza Pont; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-3844
The diffusion of art deco architecture, from the 1920s onwards, as an architecture that represents the development of industrial society is accepted in much of the western world by various groups and social classes as a possible path to modernization, however it is still an architecture which has strong links with the historicist past of the 19th century. Its interlocution with industrial and manufacturing activities is evident as these productive organizations gain strength. In Belém, the advance of a productive system aimed at the factory economy from the second quarter of the 20th century onwards made the style, more consistent with this type of production, increasingly present in the neighborhood of Reduto, where , in the first half of the 20th century, a large number of factories and commercial enterprises were concentrated, contributing to the intensification of deco architecture in the neighborhood. Conceiving the relationship between art deco architecture and industrial development, this research seeks to study the characteristics, whether modern or traditional, of the art deco culture expressed in homes in the neighborhood of Reduto, in Belém, between the 1930s and 1950s through the typological series developed by the architect Marina Waisman (1972).
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A arquitetura sem linhas do edifício Banna (Belém-Pa): a escrita do habitar a partir das ambiências
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-11) RODRIGUES, Rebeca Barbosa Dias; VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza Pont; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-3844
The Banna apartment building (1978) is an exemplary of modern residential architecture in Belém-PA, designed by Engineer-Architect Alcyr Meira. The first part of this dissertation contextualized Banna in the historiography of modern architecture in Belém, within the process of the city’s verticalization as well as emphasizing the building’s unique periodization. It was observed that in its shapes and processes, Banna has responded to the classic precepts of modern architecture of proposing a rationalized, impersonal and inert space. However, the second part of this work asserts, through connections with fields such as phenomenology, that Banna could also be approached from the subjective experience of its spaces. Therefore, the poetics of dwelling in Banna apartments are the focus of this text. Hence, the concept of “ambiances” was summoned as an all-encompassing notion of reciprocal relationship between the objective dimension of space (tangible aspects) and the subjective dimension (intangible aspects). These ambiances helped in the construction of “Lineless Architecture (LA)”, an experiential approach which envisions the essential signifying relationships concerning space. Insofar as not being limited to the geometric outlines of architecture, LA proposes a representation of space in words, which resulted in “text-architectures”, a kind of poetic writing woven from the ambiances of dwell in Banna.
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A “nova” Cidade Velha: arquiteturas e percepções no entorno do centro histórico de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-04) COSTA FILHO, Sidney Pery da Silva; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador
The Cidade Velha neighborhood, which gave rise to the city of Belém, is commonly related to the “old” due to its history and the fact that it shelters buildings and sites of interest to preservation. However, there is a section of the neighborhood that compounds the surroundings of the Historic Center of Belém and that can be considered as the "new" Cidade Velha for having characteristics that differ from the “patrimonial” Cidade Velha, as an occupation that relates to a period after the foundation of the initial nucleus and the fact that, above all, the renovation architectures, which in its place a new construction is allowed by the law, predominate in there. Thus, motivated by the fact that the author and researcher is a resident of the neighborhood, the main objective of the dissertation is to analyze the "new" Cidade Velha and understand how the materiality that refers to the existing architecture and the different perceptions that the individuals have about this area contribute to construct the identity of an area located within a neighborhood in which the predicate “old” usually defines it as a whole. The present research also addresses the themes of the search for a regionality and rescue of Amazonian roots and the relationship of individuals with architectural heritage, which implies the existence of particular memories and values attributed to places and buildings in the neighborhood. Through the ethnographic method, especially the variant of street ethnography, it was possible to establish a dialogue with residents and visitors of the area. In addition, the dialogue with heritage agents also contributed to the final result of the research, which intends to highlight an understudied area of that continues to be transformed, contributing to make Cidade Velha a unique and complex neighborhood.
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A ilusão da igualdade: natureza, justiça ambiental e racismo em Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-31) MIRANDA, Thales Barroso; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-453X
This master thesis comes from a concern about the lack of recognition of social and racial inequalities as structuring elements in the production of urban space in Brazil, mainly by environmental studies. Address the exploitation of the environment to achieve profit and favor certain social classes that have control of land ownership, and social and political power, it has been the most common approach in the Brazilian context. In the context of an Amazonian city like Belém, flat relief and water stand out as historically dynamic elements of urban occupation and disproportionately more severe environmental consequences for certain social groups. Thus, this master thesis aims to reveal environmental injustices and social and racial inequalities in the production of the urban space of Belém, historically marked by rentier urban growth, by territorial dispute and countless environmental consequences. The methodological procedure was diverse, first of all it started with a bibliographic review about nature, Brazilian racial issue, and the sociospatial formation of Belem. Then, it was made analysis of urban growth patterns of the metropolitan region of Belem, through digital rating techniques of orbital images, with two periods of time (1984 to 1999 and 1999 to 2018). The same period of time selected were used to analyze the urban occupation and the hydrological impacts in the river basin of the Metropolitan Region of Belem. To conclude, it was made analysis of socioeconomic, racial, environmental and urban infrastructure data of Belem. The obtained results show that there is a correlation between the urban spot, the vegetal cover and the reduction of adequate rates for the operation of river basins in the Metropolitan Region of Belem. Furthermore, it was verified that two out of three people live in the flooding area of Belem, which is mostly composed of black and low-income people. It was also verified that the overflow in the city match with the flooding susceptible areas, due to the lack of urban drainage and the incapacity of public management of the territory, masked with a speech which blames the nature. It is conclude that the environmental issues in the urban space of Belem affect unequally the population of the city and they are based on structures of political, economic and social power grounded in racism and inequality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Descompasso do “modelo” na urbe amazônida: o caso de Porto Velho, Rondônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-30) MORELATO, Adriana Hiromi Nishida; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395
The establishment of the company town Madeira Mamoré Railway Company represents the genesis of the city of Porto Velho. Since then, the city´s urban expansion has been characterized by the hegemony of the functionalist logic of production, aimed to the exploitation of natural resources and capital accumulation. In contrast to the pre-existing way of life, which was based on a harmonious relationship of diverse communities and the natural environment, focusing on the coexistence of both parts. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the consequences of the city model adopted at the origin of Porto Velho, based on the pragmatic and functional patterns of the company town MMR, and how it affected the population’s quality of life and the coexistences on the natural environment. Hence, we sought to understand the city standards of the industrial society in the 20th century through the analysis of the Urbanism anthology elaborated by Choay (1965), and to demonstrate that the expansion of capital over the Global South occurred as a re-presentation of the colonialism based on the need for domination and domestication of a different local reality. Authors such as Fanon (1952), Acosta (2009) and Cusicanqui (2015) were used to highlight the need for a holistic and cosmopolitan view of the reality of the cities in the Global South, especially in the Amazon area. Targeting a true development, aligned with the de-colonial concepts. The order-disorder, progress-delay and rupture-continuity dichotomies were used to analyze the city of Porto Velho in its genesis and contemporaneity, considering the "space production agents", "infrastructure provision", " road network", "socio-spatial organization", "housing" and "natural elements" categories. As a result, the inefficiency of the exogenous solutions that led the process of creation and expansion of the city was proven. This welcomes and reconcile the Amazonian diversity with the human needs, based on an alliance between ancestral knowledge and new technologies, constituting, finally, innovative alternatives.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre a várzea e terra firme: estudo de espaços de assentamentos tradicionais urbanos rurais na região do Baixo Tocantins
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-05-29) OLIVEIRA, Kamila Diniz; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-453X
The administrative region of Baixo Tocantins was one of the first to receive European colonization in the State of Pará, underwent a typically Amazonian occupation initially established in the estuary of smaller rivers and streams, which advanced to the mainland after the transformations resulting from the integration of the Amazon to the rest of Brazil by land (through highways) and the Tocantins River dam by the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Plant. Road access has assumed an increasing importance in the establishment and expansion of settlements and towns and in the reconfiguration of cities. Although the region is home to the largest industrial district and the largest export port in the state, it has intense economic activity linked to extractivism, with emphasis on the pressure for an economic revitalization of the floodplain areas through the expansion of açaí management. Given this context, this dissertation aims to analyze the spatial arrangements of settlements of traditional populations located in the floodplain and on dry land in the municipalities of Cametá, Mocajuba and Baião, based on the methodologies of Lefebvre (2006) and Soja (1993) , on the trialetic nature of space (decomposed into spaces conceived, perceived and lived). The space of the study area was investigated based on these three dimensions, articulating territorial scales and ways of life, which seek to understand the historical context, the policies directed to the region and its socioeconomic formation, the form of appropriation of its spaces by communities that are heirs to and enslaved indigenous and African peoples, and the very morphology (spatial arrangements) of these communities that is organized in an increasingly complementary way to the city and urban structures and services. It was concluded that the peasant way of life is heir to innumerable political, cultural and social processes and actions, and adapts to the new; that spatial reorganization occurs through the transfer of areas of residences to the community center and the subdivision of work areas affected by public policies (eg, housing production or credit access framework), which has modified spatial arrangements both in the floodplain and on the mainland, and favoring the conversion of extractive use to others less adapted to the Amazon biome; and that the identification and registration of the processes of spatial transformations, in this type of study area, is a fundamental resource for the generation of a spatial repertoire more suited to urban, municipal and territorial policies destined to the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cimentos de baixo impacto ambiental (LC3 ) a partir dos resíduos cauliníticos da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-02) ARRUDA JUNIOR, Euler Santos; BARATA, Márcio Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7450171369766897; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-3778
The use of mineral additions as a partial replacement of clinker in Portland cement has been one of the main strategies for reducing CO2 emissions by the global cement industry. However, the availability of blast furnaces and fly ash does not meet demand. In the Amazon, the kaolin processing industries as a cover for paper have already deposited around 70 million tons of waste consisting essentially of extremely fine kaolinite. An alternative for the region would be the use of Portland cement with mineral additions of limestone and calcined clay for the production of a low CO2 cement - LC3 (limestone calcined clay cement). The objective of this work was to evaluate the properties of these LC3 cements with high incorporations of limestone and metakaolin from the kaolin processing residue. The levels of substitution of mineral additions on the common Portland cement mass were 45% and 60%. The investigated variables were specific mass, specific surface area Blaine, water of consistency and time of initial and final setting of the cement, in addition to the resistance to mortar compression. The incorporations of the metakaolin-lime mixtures increased the water demand and reduced the setting times due to the high fineness of the kaolinite. However, there were significant increases in compressive strength compared to common and compound Portland cements, demonstrating the high efficiency of this binder which reached compressive strength of up to 62.3 MPa at 91 days. As for the carbon footprint produced by LC3 cements. The results showed a 20% to 38% reduction in CO2 emissions compared to CPII F 40. Furthermore, the wide applicability of the LCA tool to the construction sector was evidenced. The results are promising, but require further studies, especially with regard to the aspects of rheology, durability in view of the high water demand of these cements, high tendency to retraction and low alkalinity and, mainly, regarding economic viability when combined with other actions to mitigate emissions such as increasing energy efficiency combined with the use of alternative fuels.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto: a significação cultural da arquitetura hospitalar moderna em Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-10) LEAL, Larissa Silva; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3254198738703536; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5913-989X
The cultural significance points to a valuation given by man, which encompasses several aspects, such as historical, social, aesthetic, architectural and even spiritual, thus making the human being the creative center of all significations. As an example of the historical building that houses the current João de Barros Barreto Hospital, we try to gather the multiple functional dimensions and the meanings connected to the architecture in order to characterize it as a form of assistance patrimony. The six-story monoblock building was built between 1938 and 1959, showing the influence of modern architecture precepts in the way of building public buildings in Brazil, translated mainly in the architectural detailing, such as the use of brise-soleils and cobogos in the rectilinear façades. In this context, the way the hospital's social agents create, register and propagate meanings is apprehended and interpreted through the ethnographic method, whose attribution also addresses the memories that permeate the former Barros Barreto Sanatorium, as well as demonstrates the articulation between architectural space and the relationships developed in it. Thus, the evidence of the importance of the perceptions of the social, historical and cultural contexts point to the process of patrimoniality, from the point of view of social agents, corroborating to demonstrate the importance of the recognition of a heritage based on lived experiences, narratives, affective relationships, in addition to history, which characterize its existence and, in the case of HUJBB, the resistance in face of the transformations given in the name of a modernization of the hospital space.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O palácio dos governadores sob anacronias e traduções: percepções etnovisuais e vivências no antigo Palácio de Landi restaurado por la Rocque
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-27) SILVA, Vithória Carvalho da; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3254198738703536; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5913-989X
The dissertation comprises studies on the Palácio dos Governadores, in Belém do Pará, from the analysis of the monument in 250 years of history, as well as its current relevance to the society of Pará. Thus, the analysis is segmented into three main periods to be addressed: the legacy of its architect creator Antônio José Landi in the construction of the Palace, in 1771, as Residence and Governmental Office; the restoration intervention operated by Roberto de La Rocque Soares in 1972 with the aim of recovering part of the original essence of the work; and the effects of such actions in contemporaneity, given that the space currently houses the Museum of the State of Pará (MEP), with fixed and temporary exhibitions, which shows not only art and architecture, but the history of Pará manifested in its ambience, receiving daily visitors experiencing the monument. About this, the argument is built from two main questions, which discuss how the translation of Landi by La Rocque was made during the restoration, and how this translation is perceived by the public that currently visits the Palace. For this, the ethnographic method together with the anachronistic review of the Palace's historiography served as a guide for the development of the research, pointing out ethnovisual perceptions from the author's view to that of the museum's visiting public, as well as producing new debates on the relevance of La Rocque as translator of Landi's original work during the restoration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Manaus (AM): história, patrimônio e significância cultural
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-05-05) SILVA, Camyla Lorena Torres; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3254198738703536; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5913-989X
The Santa Casa de Misericórdia of Manaus / AM is one of the oldest public hospitals in Amazonas and its assistance and health activities are linked to the long tradition of the Misericórdias. His building is part of an area recognized as a Brazilian cultural heritage and a representative example of the historical period of rubber and eclectic architecture. After 140 years of providing health and charity services, the Santa Casa de Manaus has closed its doors in the midst of a serious financial crisis and its building has gradually suffered damage caused by abandonment, lack of maintenance and, subsequently, depredations. Through its patrimonial character and its important contribution in the history of the city, this work aims to contribute to the identification of the values denominated to its building for the understanding of its significant cultural understanding. From documentary and bibliographic research, from the ethnographic research method and from the application of the perception form, the existence of complementary and contrasting values, which when articulated, confer a high degree of significance at Santa Casa de Misericórdia architectural complex the key element for a composition of its meaning. In this way, a preliminary model of declaration of significance of faith elaborated, to contribute to the conservation actions that maintain their meaning and that can guide public policies for the management of this cultural heritage.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ruído e configuração espacial urbana: estudo de caso em Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-23) MOURA, Vânia Raposo de; MELO, Gustavo da Silva Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850986817571748
A large portion of the population that lives in urban centers has already suffered or is suffering from problems caused by urban noise, especially due to, among other factors, the proximity of roads of intense traffic of vehicles. Studies of several areas of knowledge are presenting possible harms caused to people as a consequence of a long exposure to high noise levels. Under this point of view, noise has become a social problem, implying the necessity to make its control to improve the quality of life for citizens. Lately, this control has been done mainly by private initiatives, through the internal ambient sound insulation. Regarding the external environment, few measures were taken. Studies about this reveal conflicts between the urban guidelines for the urban development, land use and occupation and the acoustic comfort. The main objective of this work is to study the interactions between urban noise (especially regarding traffic noise) and urban space configuration, using as experimental field an area of Marco neighborhood, in Belém-PA, near Almirante Barroso Avenue. For this, a methodology was created based on standards and theories that approach this theme and makes it possible to obtain built mass characteristic indexes (roughness, porosity, concentration and porosity). The comparison of these indexes with sound levels obtained through “in loco” collected data (using a sound pressure level meter), allow the identification of the urban form physical characteristics that influence external sound environment and that can serve as subsidies to the planning and design of the cities, preventing the formation of extremely unhealthy sound areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos de tipologias habitacionais amazônicas com análise ambiental para fins projetuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-01) SAMPAIO, Trycia Guerreiro; FRANCO, Irving Montanar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4254203203850909; PERDIGÃO, Ana Klaudia de Almeida Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
The objective is to study the housing typologies Amazon through an integrated view between the physical and environmental conditions and thermal sensation of users. The housing typologies selected refer to spaces spontaneously produced in areas, continental and insular, in Belém (PA), and also the spaces formally produced in urban resettlement area, a Vila da Barca. The environmental assessment favors the proposed solution and research experience in spatial typologies culturally constructed to support proposals for social housing in the Amazon environment, despite the appreciation of human and environmental effects of housing assistance. The strategy adopted includes qualitative and quantitative methods. Uses consultation tools applied to residents of the dwelling and also studied the use of computational tools, the EnergyPlus. The results indicate environmental conditions and well-being perceived by residents in the face of conflicting local weather conditions, because despite the high temperatures present data with over 60% of annual hours outside the comfort conditions, the questionnaire responses were obtained with the locals positive in relation to the same as satisfaction with living conditions, especially the residents of housing typologies located in the island municipality of Bethlehem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mosaicos de Belém: história e conservação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-08-30) TOSCANO, Thais Zumero; SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8950586647715771
The mosaic is an ancient art which impacts the history of civilizations. The city of Belém po-sesses a beautiful, peculiar and rare acquis. For being so uncommon, it is not regarded as an autonomous or as well integrated art. This fact becomes visible due to the lack of biblio-graphical data and registries on the theme. This research aims to demonstrate such facts by means of a historical contextualization and a literature review that covers techniques, con-servation, common damages and frequent pathological conditions. The main focus of this study is the mosaic collection of the city of Belém /Pará. It identifies techniques, typologies, datings, physical constitutive characteristics of the employed materials. Materials and me-thods are presented starting from the samples selected. After the analysis of these samples with their features and physical chracateristics by optic microscopy the study comes to its final part, the conclusions based on the necessary preservation of this cultural asset which integrates the memory of the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Referências ao projeto de arquitetura pelo tipo palafita amazônico na Vila da Barca (BELÉM – PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-30) MENEZES, Tainá Marçal dos Santos; PERDIGÃO, Ana Klaudia de Almeida Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
A study carried out in an area of government policy for housing resettlement called Vila da Barca, in Belém-PA, is presented. The research relates theory and practice of architecture in the building design scope by means of analytical categories of topological nature, described and characterized by the amazon stilt house type, in order to highlight the importance of the act of designing social housing by the meaning of the Amazonian tradition. The incorporation of the type as a starting point for designing and as part of a systemic design process is discussed. The methodological strategy adopted focuses on the relationship between physical space and experience of dwellers evaluated in the context of informal production of housing in the Vila da Barca community and of formal production of housing in government action Vila da Barca's Project. The results found in the area of informal production of housing revealed the strong identification of the dwellers with the elements of topological basis of amazon stilt house type, which demonstrates the significance of the spatial relationships investigated referring to the tradition of dwelling riverside in Amazon. The same relationship was observed in housing units of the Vila da Barca Project that have been modified by dwellers throughout their process of adaptation to the resettlement housing. It is concluded that the discussion of systemic design process with theoretical support of cybernetics, has in the type an important indicator of architectural quality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O programa minha casa, minha vida e a expansão urbana na cidade de Marabá- PA: um estudo dos núcleos São Félix e Morada Nova
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-29) LEÃO, Renato Freitas de Castro; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548
This study aims to analyze the current process of urban sprawl in Marabá, Para state, by analyzing the implantation of Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV) in the districts Sao Felix and Morada Nova. It is evaluated how the housing units developed into PMCMV - Group 1 (for families with monthly income up to R$ 1.600,00) impact that process and whether, finnaly, they constitute a new moment in the city's urban sprawl. It was observed that, after the implantation of two developments already built and implying the repercussions after the conclusion of other two still being built, the significant increase in the number of households, as well as in the infrastructure, will reinforce both districts as urban sprawl vectors where the process of public-private partnership has the following characteristics: a) an enhancement in the peripheral character of the location of social housing without changes in the urban structure of the districts Maraba Pioneira, Nova Maraba and Cidade Nova; b) the occurrence of real estate speculation within the process in which rural lands were converted into urban lands; c) strong participation of real estate capital which, by the rules of PMCMV, is the one who has the initiative for the developments, within the same logic of production for market housing; d) Relative absence of the Municipality as an actor in that process, also due to the conduction of the program by the Federal Government in partnesrhip with the private sector. Due to that, it was possible to observe that the implantation of PMCMV - Group 1 ends up being a means for the real estate capital to strengthen the situation of districts Sao Felix and Morada Nova as urban expansion areas of the city, specially as a place for residence of low-income population and reproduction of the labor force, constituting Marabá as a significant example of capitalist production of urban space.