Dissertações em Oceanografia (Mestrado) - PPGOC/IG
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/16440
Navegar
Navegando Dissertações em Oceanografia (Mestrado) - PPGOC/IG por Área de Concentração "CIÊNCIAS AMBIENTAIS"
Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
- Resultados por página
- Opções de Ordenação
Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise de intrusão salina e qualidade de água em aquífero costeiro na Vila de Algodoal (Ilha de Maiandeua, Pará)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-22) PEREIRA, Lucas Yan de Oliveira; KAWAKAMI, Silvia Keiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5306256489815710; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-7976; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879The increasing urbanization of coastal areas increases the demand for water resources and consequently leads to intensive exploitation of groundwater and anthropogenic impacts that result in groundwater quality degradation. The objective of this research was to assess potential saline intrusion and groundwater contamination in a marine protected area of sustainable use, Algodoal Village (Maiandeua, PA). For the first stage of the research, the quality of groundwater used for human consumption was evaluated based on current regulations (CONAMA Resolution 396/2008; Ministry of Health Ordinance 888/2021). Groundwater characterization was carried out using well water collected during rainy and less rainy periods (between 2021 and 2023), with in-situ physicochemical, microbiological, and major ion parameter analyses by chromatography. Topographic measurements and water table level measurements were also conducted. For the second stage, the results of a socio-environmental questionnaire applied to village residents were analyzed to ascertain their perception of water quality-related issues. Samples from the coastal aquifer presented average electrical conductivity (EC) values of 453 ± 1 µS/cm and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 225.8 ± 1 mg/L. The Cl⁻ ion showed an average concentration of 60 ± mg/L, with several wells exceeding the acceptable potability limit. Significant differences were observed for data collected in the first rainy period (March 2022), where EC averaged 290 µS/cm and TDS was 145 mg/L. The relationship between redox potential, ranging from 0.14 to 0.54 mV, and pH, ranging from 3.2 to 6.7, indicated a tendency toward a reducing acidic environment, typical of a subterranean transitional environment. All analyzed wells were contaminated with total and thermotolerant coliforms. Out of the 34 administered questionnaires, 52% indicated perception of some water quality problem, such as brackish water, for example. Poor water quality is locally associated with the process of saline intrusion and bacterial contamination due to proximity to septic tanks. The shallow depth of the wells (average of 12 m) exacerbates the poor groundwater quality in the village. It is concluded that the aquifer water is not recommended for human consumption, and saline intrusion occurs throughout the year, being more intense in the dry period.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Metais e seus efeitos em baixos níveis de organização biológica: uma análise ecotoxicológica em distintos compartimentos ambientais de igarapés no município de Barcarena/PA.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-30) NASCIMENTO, Clayciane Santos do; AMADO, Lílian Lund; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3382900147208081; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-8191Metals are included among the contaminants that influence the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems, which requires studies aimed at evaluating both the concentrations of these elements and possible toxicity effects on aquatic organisms due to bioavailability. In this context, biomonitoring studies, especially involving ecotoxicological variables, related to responses, at a low level of biological organization are useful to assess environmental quality. The present ecotoxicological study includes three approaches: (1) analysis of the concentration of metals in Al, Cr, Pb, Ba, Ni and Mn in abiotic elements (water and stream sediment); (2) biotic compartments (fish - Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus; crab - Trichodactylus borellianus and vegetable a plant species Family Marantaceae), in addition to the (3) assessment of primary adverse effects through the use of exposure and effect biomarkers. The collections were carried out in the area of the hydrographic network that influences the Murucupi Basin, in the communities Bom Futuro, Vila Nova and in the district of Vila do Conde and were carried out in three climatic periods, namely: Dry (Campaign 1: Nov/2018), Rainy (Campaign 2: Mar/2019) and Transition period (Campaign 3: Jun/2019). The collection points were determined in order to contemplate a gradient of influence from the company's activity and from other types of activity that take place in the region. The points were dispersed as follows: Potential direct impact (PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4 and PM5); Potential indirect impact: (PC2, PC3 and PC5); and Control points: (PC1, PC6, PC7, PC8 and PC9). The species were collected in different streams that are located in a region with a history of bauxite processing activity (Barcarena, PA), in addition to the direct anthropogenic influence of the city. The collections were carried out in the area of the hydrographic network that influences the Murucupi Basin, in the communities Bom Futuro, Vila Nova and in the district of Vila do Conde and were carried out in three climatic periods, namely: Dry (Campaign 1: Nov/2018), Rainy (Campaign 2: Mar/2019) and Transition period (Campaign 3: Jun/2019). The collection points were determined in order to contemplate a gradient of influence multiple anthropogenic influences. The points were dispersed as follows: Potential direct impact (PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4 and PM5); Potential indirect impact: (PC2, PC3 and PC5); and Control points: (PC1, PC6, PC7, PC8 and PC9). In general, in the sediment of the streams, the analysis of metals presented a distribution within the same range in terms of measured concentrations, without significant differences between sampled points and between sampling periods. For the in-water analyses, during the three periods there was a distribution within the ranges according to the terms of measurements. There was no significant increase or decrease for the elements studied, among the metals analyzed, only Al (total fraction) is not mentioned in CONAMA Resolution No 357/2005. All others are below the acceptable limit established by the environmental protection agency. The only metal that showed an increase in concentration between campaigns in the total fraction of water was Ba. Al was the most abundant metal with concentrations that did not differ between periods. For organisms, fish collected showed higher concentrations of Al and Ba in the rainy season compared to fish of the same species collected in the dry season. The metals Al and Mn did not show differences between points in the same period. Pb was recorded in higher concentrations during the dry season. Plants also did not show significant differences neither between points nor between periods for any of the metals, however, they showed a tendency to increase the accumulation of Pb, Mn and Ba during the transition period. As for the evaluation of biological responses using exposure and effect biomarkers, in crabs there was induction of antioxidant defenses in the gills of organisms from point PC1 during the rainy season. The fish H. heterorhabdus showed greater antioxidant capacity for organisms from PC07 during this period. It is concluded that there is a well-marked and seasonal pattern of metals in different environmental compartments that are followed by biomarkers, reflecting changes related to local geology and physiology of organisms. The main metals found in the abiotic (water - total and dissolved fraction and sediment) and biotic (fish, invertebrates and plant) compartments showed a strong relationship with the local geological formation, with Al, Ba and Mn being the most representative. Being, the Al the most concentrated. Therefore, based on the results described here, studies are needed to establish environmental baselines that take into account local chemical and physical characteristics and the level of sensitivity / tolerance of resident organisms. These studies will lay the groundwork for establishing applicable legal restrictions that are compatible with local environmental realities.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Morfodinâmica da praia do Caripi (Barcarena/Pará - Amazônia Oriental) através do experimento da aerofotogrametria com drone.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-22) VITELLI, Aline de Castro; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217