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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão taxonômica da família Ceramonematidae (Plectida, Nematoda).
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-14) MACEDO, Rafaela Poliana dos Santos; VENEKEY, Virág; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1106411624280455; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1061-2890
The family Ceramonematidae includes exclusively marine nematodes, found in coarse sands of shallow water and fine sediments such as silt and clay. Most works on Ceramonematidae are ecological and few are taxonomic. A significant number of species have sparse descriptions and simple sketch drawings (especially older works), which make it difficult to identify the group. This study aimed to taxonomically review the family Ceramonematidae, present its history and diagnosis, as well as its respective genera, in addition to providing updated taxonomic lists of the valid species of each genus. For the taxonomic review, the Handbook of Zoology was first used to obtain information about the history and diagnosis, in addition to obtaining a list of its valid genera. Then, the original descriptions of each species were consulted, available on the checklists on the Nemys website. Based on the taxonomic review carried out in the respective study, Ceramonematidae has 7 valid genera and one inquerenda genus, being thus classified in previous works; totals 65 valid species, 2 inquerenda species, 10 nomen nudum species and the subfamilies Ceramonematinae and Pselionematinae are currently not valid. In addition, in some cases, it was found that the drawings of the original descriptions are very simplified and without much richness of details, which makes it difficult to visualize the cuticle ornamentation and to compare some structures, as the characteristics of the cuticle are important for identification at the species level. In this taxonomic review, tables and comparative figures for the species within each genus were developed, as well as lists of synonyms, species inquerenda and nomen nudum. Additionally, species and genera diagnoses were provided, adaptations were made whenever necessary, such as descriptions of the amphidian shapes of some species. Based on the survey of morphological characters of Ceramonematidae, it was concluded that the main characteristics that should be observed for the identification of genera are: number of cuticle ringlets, type of head arrangement, head capsule dimensions and amphidia shape. As for the species, the number of cuticle rings and the arrangement of the bristles in the cephalic capsule proved to be relevant in their differentiation. In this sense, for future work, an update of the original drawings and descriptions would be of great importance, as well as the elaboration of a taxonomic key for Ceramonematidae.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mudanças morfológicas em praias da costa Leste da ilha do Marajó e os níveis de vulnerabilidade à erosão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-29) SOUSA, Maria Bárbara Pereira de; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
The coastal zone is a transition area between the sea and the continent, being one of the most vulnerable geographic spaces on the planet. In view of this, the assessment of morphological changes and coastal vulnerability to erosion is essential, as it contributes to the planning of protective and mitigating actions against impacts that occur on the environment, whether natural or anthropic. Thus, the work aims to verify the morphological changes in beaches on the east coast of Ilha de Marajó/PA and their levels of vulnerability to erosion at different time scales. For this purpose, two field campaigns (dry and rainy seasons) were carried out at Barra Velha beach (municipality of Soure) and Praia Grande (municipality of Salvaterra). The methodology consisted of a semi-quantitative analysis, determined by parameters of human and natural occupation evaluated on the beaches. Remote sensing techniques (medium period data) and in situ data collection (short period data) were used. According to the results obtained, Barra Velha beach was classified as dissipative in the two periods studied and most profiles topographic showed an erosive trend from the dry to the rainy period. Praia Grande showed behavior of intermediate to reflective beaches in both the dry and rainy seasons. The sedimentary accretion phase of this beach occurred during the rainy season, reflecting an atypical pattern for beach morphodynamics. Barra Velha beach exhibited moderate erosion vulnerability in the northwest sector and high vulnerability in the southeast sector, mainly due to the high erosion rate over the 16 years studied. Praia Grande, on the other hand, presented a moderate degree of vulnerability to erosion, being considered a more stable beach, combined with coastal protection works. On both beaches, the coastal risk was low due to the low level of occupation close to the coastline. It is believed that the results of this research can contribute to future studies on the theme of vulnerability to erosion in areas that are little or very anthropized and, for possible actions of coastal management in the Amazon region, considering their environmental particularities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metais e seus efeitos em baixos níveis de organização biológica: uma análise ecotoxicológica em distintos compartimentos ambientais de igarapés no município de Barcarena/PA.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-30) NASCIMENTO, Clayciane Santos do; AMADO, Lílian Lund; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3382900147208081; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-8191
Metals are included among the contaminants that influence the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems, which requires studies aimed at evaluating both the concentrations of these elements and possible toxicity effects on aquatic organisms due to bioavailability. In this context, biomonitoring studies, especially involving ecotoxicological variables, related to responses, at a low level of biological organization are useful to assess environmental quality. The present ecotoxicological study includes three approaches: (1) analysis of the concentration of metals in Al, Cr, Pb, Ba, Ni and Mn in abiotic elements (water and stream sediment); (2) biotic compartments (fish - Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus; crab - Trichodactylus borellianus and vegetable a plant species Family Marantaceae), in addition to the (3) assessment of primary adverse effects through the use of exposure and effect biomarkers. The collections were carried out in the area of the hydrographic network that influences the Murucupi Basin, in the communities Bom Futuro, Vila Nova and in the district of Vila do Conde and were carried out in three climatic periods, namely: Dry (Campaign 1: Nov/2018), Rainy (Campaign 2: Mar/2019) and Transition period (Campaign 3: Jun/2019). The collection points were determined in order to contemplate a gradient of influence from the company's activity and from other types of activity that take place in the region. The points were dispersed as follows: Potential direct impact (PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4 and PM5); Potential indirect impact: (PC2, PC3 and PC5); and Control points: (PC1, PC6, PC7, PC8 and PC9). The species were collected in different streams that are located in a region with a history of bauxite processing activity (Barcarena, PA), in addition to the direct anthropogenic influence of the city. The collections were carried out in the area of the hydrographic network that influences the Murucupi Basin, in the communities Bom Futuro, Vila Nova and in the district of Vila do Conde and were carried out in three climatic periods, namely: Dry (Campaign 1: Nov/2018), Rainy (Campaign 2: Mar/2019) and Transition period (Campaign 3: Jun/2019). The collection points were determined in order to contemplate a gradient of influence multiple anthropogenic influences. The points were dispersed as follows: Potential direct impact (PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4 and PM5); Potential indirect impact: (PC2, PC3 and PC5); and Control points: (PC1, PC6, PC7, PC8 and PC9). In general, in the sediment of the streams, the analysis of metals presented a distribution within the same range in terms of measured concentrations, without significant differences between sampled points and between sampling periods. For the in-water analyses, during the three periods there was a distribution within the ranges according to the terms of measurements. There was no significant increase or decrease for the elements studied, among the metals analyzed, only Al (total fraction) is not mentioned in CONAMA Resolution No 357/2005. All others are below the acceptable limit established by the environmental protection agency. The only metal that showed an increase in concentration between campaigns in the total fraction of water was Ba. Al was the most abundant metal with concentrations that did not differ between periods. For organisms, fish collected showed higher concentrations of Al and Ba in the rainy season compared to fish of the same species collected in the dry season. The metals Al and Mn did not show differences between points in the same period. Pb was recorded in higher concentrations during the dry season. Plants also did not show significant differences neither between points nor between periods for any of the metals, however, they showed a tendency to increase the accumulation of Pb, Mn and Ba during the transition period. As for the evaluation of biological responses using exposure and effect biomarkers, in crabs there was induction of antioxidant defenses in the gills of organisms from point PC1 during the rainy season. The fish H. heterorhabdus showed greater antioxidant capacity for organisms from PC07 during this period. It is concluded that there is a well-marked and seasonal pattern of metals in different environmental compartments that are followed by biomarkers, reflecting changes related to local geology and physiology of organisms. The main metals found in the abiotic (water - total and dissolved fraction and sediment) and biotic (fish, invertebrates and plant) compartments showed a strong relationship with the local geological formation, with Al, Ba and Mn being the most representative. Being, the Al the most concentrated. Therefore, based on the results described here, studies are needed to establish environmental baselines that take into account local chemical and physical characteristics and the level of sensitivity / tolerance of resident organisms. These studies will lay the groundwork for establishing applicable legal restrictions that are compatible with local environmental realities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Transporte de resíduos sólidos flutuantes em rios urbanos dominados por maré na região Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-07) ROSA, Gabriel Pompeu; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
The rivers that cut through metropolises are considered important ways for the waste generated on the continents to be transported to the oceans. Estimates of waste flows in rivers in the Amazon coastal zone remain uncertain due to the influence of hydrodynamic processes (tide, currents and flow), and above all, the lack of data on the type and amount of solid waste floating in the rivers. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to quantify and estimate the fluctuating waste fluxes at different time scales in tidaldominated rivers of the Amazonian coastal zone. Visual quantification took place over 12 hours (6 to 6 pm) in the flood and ebb tide stages, in the dry and rainy periods, in the rivers Acará, Guamá, Guajará, Tucunduba and Tamandaré. The estimate of waste transport in different tidal stages and seasonal periods was calculated considering the amount of waste in a time interval (hour, month and year). A total of 19,654 solid waste was quantified in the rivers studied, 71% of which was plastic materials. The residues from the rivers that cut through Belém (Tucunduba and Tamandaré) are exported to the rivers that surround the capital, while in these rivers, the residues present a bidirectional flow, suggesting imprisonment reflecting the influence of hydrodynamic processes (tidal current and flow). This study presents the first estimate of transport in rivers on the coast of Pará based on real observations, indicating an estimate of annual transport that varies between 3 and 549 tons/year.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bacias hidrográficas urbanas : aspectos socioambientais da bacia do Tucunduba, Amazônia, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-15) FIGUEIREDO, Camila de Magalhães e Souza; SOUSA-FELIX, Rosigleyse Corrêa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1452935151806378; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3769-0792
The Tucunduba Hydrographic Basin (THB) is the second largest basin in the city of Belém, in Pará. It drains four districts of Belém: Marco, Canudos, Terra Firme and Guamá. It is one of the most densely populated areas in the city, with a population of approximately 200,000 inhabitants. This work aims to analyze the socio-environmental conditions of the Tucunduba Basin, based on the macro-environmental elements needed to understand the dynamics of use throughout the basin. The methodological approaches of the research included the application of a questionnaire to the residents of the THB, a calculation based on the local Urban Quality of Life Index (UQLI), a calculation of the Simplified Environmental Impact Index, an estimate of the per capita sewage discharge of the neighborhoods belonging to the THB and an Environmental Impact Assessment of the physical, biotic and anthropic environments in the 3 sections of the macrodrainage project. Based on the results obtained, the IQVU in the Tucunduba Basin is approximately 0.6, i.e. regular. In addition, the results generated through the simplified environmental impact assessment show that the stretches analyzed have considerable environmental impacts (either high or very high). This demonstrates the precariousness of the services offered to the population and highlights the fragility of local urban management. There is therefore an urgent need for integrated management strategies, the evaluation and monitoring of space, and the provision of services that guarantee a good quality of life and the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evolução multitemporal da linha de costa (1972-2040) do município de Soure, Ilha do Marajó (Amazônia - Brasil)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-11) MENEZES, Rafael Alexandre Alves; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217
Exogenous agents that act in the Coastal Zone (ZC) act as morphological modelers of the CoastLine (LC) and this action modifies the erosive and accretive scenario of the LC over time. To assess these temporal changes in the ZC, remote sensing (SR), from orbital remote sensors, is an opening that makes it possible to identify these variations, where the main objective around the world is the management and protection of these coastal areas. Thus, the present composition aims to present the evolution of the LC line during the period 1972-2020 (48 years) and estimate the evolution of the LC for the years 2030 and 2040 in the ZC of the Soure municipality, located in the northeastern part (NE) of the Marajó island (Pará-Eastern Amazon), inserted in the Pará Estuarine Coastal Zone (ZCEP), conditioned by the hydrodynamics of the South channel of the Amazon River and by the estuary of the Pará River. A set of 6 images from a time series of the satellite were acquired: Landsat 1 (MSS) from 1972 and 1994 (bands 7.6.5 and 5.4.3, respectively), Landsat 5 (TM) from 1985, 2004, 2009 ( bands 5.4.3), with a spatial resolution of 30m, and Landsat 8 (OLI) 2020 (bands 6.5.4.8), with a spatial resolution of 15 m after the fusion of band 8 (panchromatic), being obtained from the USGS (United States Geological Survey) site, all already georeferenced and geoprocessing techniques for: a) LC delimitation: where it was created from semi-automatic methods combined with manual methods, using the normalized water difference index (NDWI) technique; b) DSAS version 5.0 (v5.0), being used to compose the LC analysis hrough this tool: NSM, EPR and LRR, version v5 brings the Kalman Filter, which was used to calculate the future estimate in the LC for the years 2030 and 2040. As a result, it was identified that in sectors I and II (southern channel of the Amazon River), accretion predominates, in sector III (Maguari Cape) it is where it obtained the highest accretion rates, and in sector IV the accretion process predominates with a tendency erosive, sector V erosion predominates. These data are linked to the total number of 654 transects comprising an average distance of 214.4 m, where the mean retreat is indicated with a negative rate of - 179.5 m and a positive rate of 451.9 m. For the years 2030 and 2040, the trend is that this process will continue, where the greatest coastal retraction, around 271.46 m, will be in the Northeast (NE) (sector II), and a CL advance of 625.26 m in sector III.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação interanual e sazonal das massas d’água sobre a Plataforma Continental Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-20) MEDEIROS, Paula Renata Lobato de; ROSÁRIO, Renan Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8003860457518342; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0514
This study aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of water masses over the Northern Continental Shelf of Brazil (PCNB), relating it to local dynamics and freshwater inputs. The PCNB extends from Cape Orange to the Bay of São Marcos and is characterized as highly energetic, due to the combined action of the north current of Brazil (CNB), trade winds, waves, tides and the water discharge from the Amazon rivers and Pará. Temperature, salinity and density data for the interannual analysis were obtained from the Brazilian Navy's national database (BNDO), during six oceanographic cruises: Amasseds I, II and III, North Ocean I, MCT VII and CBO in different years: 1989, 1990, 2001, 2016 and for the seasonal analysis, five months of the Costa Norte Project were used: March, July, November, December 2018 and January 2019. The TS parameters were intended to characterize and identify the water masses that occurred on the platform over the years, as well as observe the existing interannual and seasonal variability. The PCNB showed large variations in TS over the years and periods analyzed, and it is possible to observe the occurrence of four types of water bodies interannually: Pluma Estuarina (PE), Coastal Water (AC), Central Water of the South Atlantic (ACAS) and Tropical Water (AT) and seasonally, five water bodies were identified as occurring: AF (front water), AC, AT, ACAS and Pluma etuarina (PE). From the analysis of the TS diagrams it was possible to identify a thermohaline index for the estuarine plume and its metrics over time, where it occurred in March - 2018 and January - 2019, and their respective thermohaline indices were 27.5 °C to 28 °C and 0 g/kg to 33 g/kg.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização morfossedimentar da Praia do Caripi (Barcarena/PA) antes e após a construção da nova orla
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-29) SOUSA, Bianca Abraham de Assis; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Governança ambiental participativa como ferramenta para construção de ações sustentáveis na costa paraense.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022) FARIAS, Lana Caroline Ferreira; SANTOS, Marcos Antônio Souza dos; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Geoindicadores de vulnerabilidade à erosão em praias estuarinas, costa amazônica, Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-19) NOVAES, Gabriela de Oliveira; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
The coastal zone (CZ) is a region responsible for various ecological functions, and also object of concern due to its uses and anthropic pressures, which affect its balance and environmental integrity. The beach is one of the most important environments in CZ, due to its intense use by the human population, having ecological function for many organisms and being a natural protection against physical forcers (waves, tides and chains). The anthropogenic occupation on a particular beach can aggravate coastal erosion (natural process of the morphological amendment of the environment, due to the interaction with physical agents). This occurs on the island of Mosqueiro, object of study of this work, where erosive processes have been intensified in recent decades, combined with urbanization. Observing this problem, the present research aims to analyze vulnerability to erosion on the Amazonian estuarine beaches of the Mosqueiro Island, well as evaluating the degree of coastal risk to which they are exposed. Using geoindicators, index and classification of local vulnerability were obtained. Being the index composed of coastal variables: morphology and granulometry of the beach, sedimentary swing, variation of the coast line, cliffs, natural barriers; and continental variables: land elevation, vegetation, coastal engineering structures, percentage of occupation and soil permeability. Then it was carried out: (a) collection of topographic data and sealing samples on 16 beaches; (b) observational analysis with Checklist of geoindicators of coastal erosion in loco and through satellite images; c) treatment of data collected in the field and by remote sensing; d) Use of the coastal vulnerability index to evaluate erosion on the beaches; and, e) identification of risk degree in these beaches. The results demonstrate that 8 of the 16 analyzed beaches are classified with high vulnerability (IVC: 5,0-7,4) and accentuated coastal risk, and that the presence of active cliffs, wall of arrimation and high occupation next the beaches stood out as favoring ones for this result. The data indicated high human occupation (> 70% on most beaches), since several forms of land use are frequent on the island, whether for homes or establishments (shops, restaurants, inns), which raises local risk for the occurrence of damage caused by erosion. In general, the adapted method of this study for Amazonian estuarine beaches, proved to be an interesting tool to be used in urban planning and to minimize future impacts of coastal erosion. It provides information that can aid in decision-making focused on coastal management and choosing which mitigatory measures can be carried out. Thus, the importance of this analysis and continuous coastal monitoring is reinforced through the use of geoindicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica espaço-temporal e pressões antrópicas em manguezais de RESEXs na costa atlântica paraense.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-26) PEIXOTO, Herbert Junior Campos; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217
The Atlantic Coast of Pará (ACP) is shelter of the most well-preserved mangrove belt in the world, where some of these areas are included in extractive reserves (RESEX), which provide the sustainable use of its natural resources by the local population. This commitment to sustainability has been gaining strength since the creation of the 2030 Agenda, which gave rise to the Ocean Decade, which seeks the sustainable and scientific development of marine and coastal resources. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of mangroves inserted in the RESEX of the PCZ. The adopted methodology consists of: (1) acquisition and processing of images from Landsat satellites (2) quantification and comparison of the mangrove areas of four RESEX (Mãe Grande de Curuçá, Mestre Lucindo, Mocapajuba and São João da Ponta). These analyzes were carried out using polygons, created from Landsat satellite images, which delimited the mangrove areas for a period of thirty-four years (1986 to 2020). Using the mapbiomas collection plugin, available in the QGIS software, it was possible to observe urban sprawl in the studied areas and their interaction with mangrove environments. To corroborate the results obtained, environmental data of suspended particulate matter (MPS) were used. The vegetation cover had the highest reduction value of 8,054 km² and maximum increase value of 14,825 km². It was possible to observe patterns of variation in the RESEXs, which showed similar trends, both in terms of loss and gain in area. Little change occurred in the mangrove areas in the innermost portions of the RESEXs. The suspended particulate material (SPM) transported in the region has SW NE direction. It was also possible to observe the growth of urban infrastructure in all municipalities where the RESEXs are located, with Marapanim and Curuçá showing the highest growth (4,642 km² and 4,797 km², respectively). However, most changes in mangrove cover occurred along the coastline, far from urbanized areas. The analyzed mangroves remained in balance; however, disorderly urbanization can bring losses if there are no effective measures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção das mudanças costeiras na margem leste do estuário do Rio Pará: uma análise multitemporal (1987-2019) utilizando sensoriamento remoto.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-24) GUIMARÃES, Diandra Karina Martins; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217; ROSÁRIO, Renan Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8003860457518342; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0514
In the Coastal and Estuarine Zone of Pará (ZCEP) occurs a complex dynamics influenced by meteorological forces (rainfall, winds, extreme events), fluvial (flow) and marine (tides, currents, waves). The forcings affect the coastline (CL) of the estuaries margins causing changes that depend on the degree of exposure of the area and the intensity of the forcings. Therefore, the detection of the places that happen the processes of erosion and/or accretion of the coastline becomes interesting to observe the changes in the surroundings of the islands and municipalities of the eastern margin of the Pará River Estuary. The work area is located on the eastern margin of the Pará river estuary, in the section: Mosqueiro island, Santo Antônio do Tauá, Colares island (edge of the middle estuary), Vigia and São Caetano de Odivelas (edge of the lower estuary). To achieve the results, LANDSAT satellite images were acquired (1987; 1993; 1999; 2004; 2008; 2013 and 2019) and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) was used to more accurately identify and calculate the rates of variation of changes in erosion and accretion areas in the LC. NSM, LRR and EPR parameters were applied on the east margin of the Pará river estuary (117 km) in the 32-year period of analysis, with a total of 1130 transects generated. In the middle estuary, the tendency to erosion was higher, predominating in Mosqueiro Island with an average erosion rate of -38m and an average accretion rate of 22.97m, related to the average rates of variation of -0.58m/year (EPR) and -0.54m/year (LRR) and in Santo Antônio do Tauá with LRR and EPR parameters identifying average rates of change of -1.67m/year (LRR) and -1.55m/year (EPR). Only on the Colares island there was a tendency to accretion, with an average erosion rate of -96.29m and an average accretion rate of 116.49m, where the maximum accretion and erosion rates are 405.61m and -396.87m, respectively. While in the lower estuary there was a greater tendency to accretion, where in Vigia there was an average rate of change of 1.26 m/year and a maximum rate of accretion of 10.06 m/year in the EPR, and an average rate of change of 0.64 m/year and maximum accretion rate of 7.22 in the LRR. In São Caetano de Odivelas, the average rate of change in the EPR parameter was 0.40 m/year and in the LRR parameter it was 0.25 m/year and in the NSM it was 13.09 m. Comparing the margins of the Estuary, the east margin is under the influence of a low hydrodynamics, while the west margin is under a high hydrodynamics where erosion predominates, demonstrating that in the same estuary the processes occur in a different way, where the areas of high erosion are related to the morphology of the site and location of the area being more exposed to forcing.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigação da influência antrópica na concentração de nutrientes inorgânicos dissolvidos no entorno da cidade de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-30) PORTO, Yuri Paixão Santa Rosa; ROLLNIC, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6585442266149471; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8601-1514
Water is one of the most important natural resources, especially in the Amazon context. The disorderly population increase and consequent mismanagement of this resource causes worrying environmental changes in terms of its quality. According to the National Sanitation Information System - SNIS, the northern region of the country treats about 22.0% of the sewage generated and in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, below the national average, with 11.3% of sewage collection. The study area encompasses Guajará Bay and adjacent areas such as the Guamá and Acará rivers. Water collections were carried out during the rainy season (May), in 4 sections divided into left bank (ME), middle (M) and right bank (MD) with surface and bottom collections, every 4 hours for 13 hours to analyze the entire tidal cycle. Parameters were analyzed in situ (Temperature, pH, Eh, electrical conductivity, turbidity, OD, %OD and total dissolved solids) and in the laboratory (Silicate, phosphate, nitrate and nitrite), in addition to determining the intensity, speed and direction of the current. with the aid of an ADCP to obtain the flow and calculate the nutrient flow. The study area has some more remote places with little or no human influence throughout its extension, and others with untreated domestic and industrial effluent discharge points. The objective of this work is to investigate a possible anthropic contribution in the flow of dissolved inorganic nutrients from the water bodies that bathe the city of Belém-PA and surroundings. The Guamá River near the “alça viária” showed the lowest values of dissolved inorganic nutrients, unlike the Acará River which, despite its geographical distance from the RMB, showed the highest values of nutrient concentration. The mouth of the Guamá river had higher nutrient values on its right bank and the Guajará bay in its central portion, due to the influence of domestic and industrial waste. The Guamá river near the “alça viária” is relatively preserved, with a low concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients, increasing only near its mouth, while the Acará presented higher values mainly due to the intense agricultural activity in the surroundings of its basin. The Guajará Bay, despite receiving discharges from the Acará and Guamá rivers, has lower nutrient values than the two locations, demonstrating its capacity for self-purification and dilution.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Especiação do fósforo em rios urbanos: um estudo de caso dos rios Tucunduba e Tamandaré, Belém/Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-24) COIMBRA, Marcus Vinicius Rodrigues; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
Phosphorus (P) is a bioliminating macronutrient that plays an essential role in regulating ecosystem functions and primary productivity in marine and coastal environments. However, when in excessive concentrations, P assumes the role of a pollutant, negatively influencing the ecosystem and causing eutrophication. In Brazil, the problem is maximized in urban centers cut by canals, where there is an intensification of the process of changing the natural conditions of the environment. The speciation of P associated with hydrodynamic processes and the type of urbanization of the environment allows identifying the eutrophication status of these environments. Therefore, the present study seeks to promote understanding of the dynamics of P speciation in two urban rivers, the Tucunduba and Tamandaré rivers, located in the metropolitan region of Belém (Northern Brazil), with the objective of evaluating whether there is variation in P speciation. phosphorus in urban rivers at different time scales. To this end, samples of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were carried out using two different methodologies: the horizontal flow trap (portable traps) and the vertical flow trap (fixed traps). For the extraction of P, the sequential extraction method SEDEX was adopted, which allowed the extraction of five forms: P-Ex, P-Fe, P-Au, PDe and P-Org, in addition to P-Bio. In the Tucunduba river, Total-P concentrations ranged from 20.52 to 100.78 μmol.g-1, with predominance of the P-Fe fraction. In the Tamandaré River, concentrations ranged from 42.36 to 173.88 μmol.g-1 with P-Au predominance. Thus, it was possible to verify that the urban rivers Tucunduba and Tamandaré have high concentrations of P and its species. With these data, it is clear the need to deepen this type of study in these rivers and other urban rivers present in Belém, as well as the need for policies aimed at the recovery and preservation of these, in order to mitigate the problem involving phosphorus and restore the capacity ecosystems of these environments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Especiação do fósforo em rios urbanos: um estudo de caso dos rios Tucunduba e Tamandaré, Belém/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-24) COIMBRA, Marcus Vinicius Rodrigues; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
Phosphorus (P) is a bioliminating macronutrient that plays an essential role in regulating ecosystem functions and primary productivity in marine and coastal environments. However, when in excessive concentrations, P assumes the role of a pollutant, negatively influencing the ecosystem and causing eutrophication. In Brazil, the problem is maximized in urban centers cut by canals, where there is an intensification of the process of changing the natural conditions of the environment. The speciation of P associated with hydrodynamic processes and the type of urbanization of the environment allows identifying the eutrophication status of these environments. Therefore, the present study seeks to promote understanding of the dynamics of P speciation in two urban rivers, the Tucunduba and Tamandaré rivers, located in the metropolitan region of Belém (Northern Brazil), with the objective of evaluating whether there is variation in P speciation. phosphorus in urban rivers at different time scales. To this end, samples of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were carried out using two different methodologies: the horizontal flow trap (portable traps) and the vertical flow trap (fixed traps). For the extraction of P, the sequential extraction method SEDEX was adopted, which allowed the extraction of five forms: P-Ex, P-Fe, P-Au, PDe and P-Org, in addition to P-Bio. In the Tucunduba river, Total-P concentrations ranged from 20.52 to 100.78 μmol.g-1, with predominance of the P-Fe fraction. In the Tamandaré River, concentrations ranged from 42.36 to 173.88 μmol.g-1 with P-Au predominance. Thus, it was possible to verify that the urban rivers Tucunduba and Tamandaré have high concentrations of P and its species. With these data, it is clear the need to deepen this type of study in these rivers and other urban rivers present in Belém, as well as the need for policies aimed at the recovery and preservation of these, in order to mitigate the problem involving phosphorus and restore the capacity ecosystems of these environments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise multitemporal (1991-2021) da linha de costa (trecho Calçoene - Cabo Norte), costa atlântica do estado do Amapá.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-21) SILVA, Rhuan Rodrigo Pereira e; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217
The coastline (LC) is highly dynamic due to its geographic position adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River estuary. This region is characterized by meteorological forcings, such as a semihumid equatorial climate, high rainfall (> 2,600 mm. year-1), winds (3 to 9 m. s-1), and extreme events (El Nino - 1997/1998 and 2015/2016; La Nina - 1999/2000 and 2010/2011). It is also influenced by hydrological forcings, including water and solid discharge from the Amazon River (175,000 m³ s-1 and 1,200 Mt. year-1, respectively), and oceanographic forcings, such as hyper-tides (up to 12 m), tidal currents (2 m. s-1), waves (up to 3 m in height), and currents (up to 3 m. s-1). This study aims to analyze the multitemporal variation of the LC between the mouths of the Calçoene and Sucuriju rivers, and at the Maracá-Jipioca Ecological Station, from 1991 to 2021. The methodology includes a literature review, acquisition of LANDSAT satellite images (1991, 2000, 2008, 2014, and 2021), LC vectorization, and the application of DSAS to quantify accretion (m) and erosion areas (m) of the LC, determine retreat and advance rates (m/year and m²/year) between the mouths of the Calçoene and Sucuriju rivers, and create change polygons at the Maracá-Jipioca Ecological Station. The study area experienced predominant erosive dynamics, with an average LC retreat of 12 m. year-1 and 1.4 km² of erosion in the Calçoene-Sucuriju stretch, and 2 km² of erosion at the Maracá-Jipioca Ecological Station with an annual average retreat of approximately 18 m. Due to erosive dynamics, the study area requires special attention from public managers to prevent any type of anthropic interference that could intensify this process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Morfodinâmica da praia do Caripi (Barcarena/Pará - Amazônia Oriental) através do experimento da aerofotogrametria com drone.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-22) VITELLI, Aline de Castro; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7850-1217
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de intrusão salina e qualidade de água em aquífero costeiro na Vila de Algodoal (Ilha de Maiandeua, Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-22) PEREIRA, Lucas Yan de Oliveira; KAWAKAMI, Silvia Keiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5306256489815710; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-7976; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
The increasing urbanization of coastal areas increases the demand for water resources and consequently leads to intensive exploitation of groundwater and anthropogenic impacts that result in groundwater quality degradation. The objective of this research was to assess potential saline intrusion and groundwater contamination in a marine protected area of sustainable use, Algodoal Village (Maiandeua, PA). For the first stage of the research, the quality of groundwater used for human consumption was evaluated based on current regulations (CONAMA Resolution 396/2008; Ministry of Health Ordinance 888/2021). Groundwater characterization was carried out using well water collected during rainy and less rainy periods (between 2021 and 2023), with in-situ physicochemical, microbiological, and major ion parameter analyses by chromatography. Topographic measurements and water table level measurements were also conducted. For the second stage, the results of a socio-environmental questionnaire applied to village residents were analyzed to ascertain their perception of water quality-related issues. Samples from the coastal aquifer presented average electrical conductivity (EC) values of 453 ± 1 µS/cm and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 225.8 ± 1 mg/L. The Cl⁻ ion showed an average concentration of 60 ± mg/L, with several wells exceeding the acceptable potability limit. Significant differences were observed for data collected in the first rainy period (March 2022), where EC averaged 290 µS/cm and TDS was 145 mg/L. The relationship between redox potential, ranging from 0.14 to 0.54 mV, and pH, ranging from 3.2 to 6.7, indicated a tendency toward a reducing acidic environment, typical of a subterranean transitional environment. All analyzed wells were contaminated with total and thermotolerant coliforms. Out of the 34 administered questionnaires, 52% indicated perception of some water quality problem, such as brackish water, for example. Poor water quality is locally associated with the process of saline intrusion and bacterial contamination due to proximity to septic tanks. The shallow depth of the wells (average of 12 m) exacerbates the poor groundwater quality in the village. It is concluded that the aquifer water is not recommended for human consumption, and saline intrusion occurs throughout the year, being more intense in the dry period.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos padrões morfodinâmicos em cristas de praias na costa amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-29) ROSÁRIO, Edineuza dos Santos; SANTOS, Valdenira Ferreira dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1395198888623953; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-5038-4191; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
Knowledge of beach environments requires an integrated morphodynamic approach using different spatio-temporal scales, in order to understand the role of coastal and marine processes in modifying beach morphology. There are some important peculiarities about these processes on the beaches of the Amazon region, such as the large hydro-sedimentary discharge from the estuaries, high rainfall rates and the high amplitude and intensity of the tidal currents, which shape the often complex beach systems, such as beach ridges. The objective of this research was to analyze the morphological dynamics of a beach ridge segment located north of the mouth of the Amazon River, in Goiabal (city of Calçoene), in the coastal ocean sector of the state of Amapá.The hypothesis is that the morphological changes in the segment of beach crest under study are influenced by the hydrosedimentary dynamics of the Amazon River. The research methodology was based on three stages: (1) determining the morphology of beach ridges and their changes (beach profile variation, sedimentary deposits and beach classification); (2) analysis of morphosedimentary processes (physical coastal agents such as tides, waves and currents, and sediment supply such as sediment plumes; (3) data integration (correlation between the processes analyzed in stage one and two). The results indicate significant average variations in the morphosedimentation of the Goiabal beach ridge system, with seasonal migration (~24 to ~42 meters) towards the mainland. Erosion and deposition on the ridges and subsequent channels averaged less than 0.30 m along the beach profiles during the seasonal cycle. The oceanographic parameters indicate an average wave height of 0.25 m and an average tidal range of 5 m. Coastal currents are directed west-southwest and there is a predominance of ebb tide currents during the rainy season. The sediment plume of the Amazon River was closer to the study area during the rainy season (~15 to 25 km), with a predominance of ebb tide currents. Thus, it can be concluded that the segment of beach crest studied has a greater influence from the Amazon River sediment plume during the rainy season, intensifying the deposition of fine sediments. The displacement of beach ridges and the supply of sediment have a strong relationship with tidal dynamics in the region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Petrechos de pesca como resíduo praial em uma área de proteção ambiental na costa paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) SILVA, Elaine Simone da Cruz Silva; LOUREIRO, Sarita Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1473112723704086; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
Abandoned, Lost or otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) during fishing activities represent a global problem. This equipment corresponds to at least 640,000 tons of waste that accumulates annually in the oceans and causes impacts on aquatic fauna such as entanglement, ingestion, injuries, ghost fishing and can also act as vectors of chemical substances. This is the first quantification of ALDFG on beaches in Northern Brazil. The study was carried out on beaches on Algodoal Island, which is an Environmental Protection Area (APA), with the aim of evaluating whether there is spatial and temporal variation in ALDFG on different beaches (Caixa d´água, Farol, Princesa and Cação), considering their different environmental characteristics, and check whether there is the occurrence of organisms associated with ALDFG. The ALDFG were collected in the rainy and dry seasons (2022), in quadrants of 100m² in 30 transects containing three points: high tide line, intermediate and low tide line. The density of ALDFG and an Environmental Impact Factor (FIA) were calculated, considering the type of ALDFG, its mass and the environment where it was found. In total, 459 ALDFG items were collected (248 in the dry season and 211 in the rainy season), totaling 13.14 kg, among which the main ones were fragments, electrical cables, ropes and fishing nets, with emphasis on the nylon type material and blue color. Overall, the beaches had an average density of 0.023 items/m² and 0.755 g/m² in the rainy season and 0.028 items/m² and 0.704 g/m² in the dry season, with a low environmental impact (FIA between 0-1). But points with high impacts were also observed (FIA = 10 and FIA = 9), in points with the presence of rocky outcrops and vegetation, respectively. On Caixa d'água beach there is the presence of juvenile mangroves in the intertidal environment and rocky outcrops, as well as, it is located close to the port for fishing vessels, therefore, it was the beach that presented the largest quantity of ALDFG (274 items), the highest mass (6.35 kg), the highest density (2.74 items/m² and 63.52 g/m²), and consequently the highest Environmental Impact Factor (FIA = 10). Furthermore, associated with the ALDFG, 1,543 organisms were recorded (1,380 in the rainy season and 163 in the dry season) belonging to the following groups, barnacles, bivalves, paguros, crabs, isopods, polychaetes, gastropods, anemones and sea fleas, the majority of which were found associated with ropes and polystyrene buoys. Fishing is a recognized source of ALDFG and the presence of these residues in an APA can cause several impacts to this ecosystem..