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Artigos Científicos - INEAF

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ocorrência da leucose enzoótica dos bovinos no Estado do Pará, Brasil
(1999-01) MOLNÁR, Lászlóné Éva; MOLNÁR, László; DIAS, Hilma Lúcia Tavares; SILVA, Aluizio Otavio Almeida da; VALE, William Gomes
The occurrence of the infection with Bovine Leukosis Virus (BLV) was examined in agar-gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test and with indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in the State of Pará, Brazil. The blood sera were collected from different breeds including Nelore, Piemontes, Simental, Holstein Frisian, Indubrasil, Girolanda, Simbrasil and their cross-breedings. The majority of the animals were adults. The overall occurrence of infections was 49.8% (359/721) and 26.0% (174/668) for ELISA and AGID test, respectively. All animal groups examined showed infection in ELISA, however in the AGID test two groups were sera negative.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intensificação de sistemas de produção através da mecanização na região da Transamazônica: limites e possibilidades
(2000-12) SIMÕES, Aquiles; SCHMITZ, Heribert
This study focuses on the use of mechanisation within the context of smallholder farming. Research results are based on two complementary activities; a Mechanisation Project developed by Altamira Town Hall, Pará and a study of experiments developed by farmers in Uruará County, Pará. Research hypotheses were developed based on existing literature on the transition from migratory to fixed farming. The study confirmed the problem of maintenance of soil fertility as a limiting factor, in addition to other aspects such as low income, reduced interest in annual cropping and area available for the continuation of itinerant farming, which revealed that there would be a shortage of demand for mechanisation in the region. The current conditions in terms of agrarian system evolution do not facilitate the transition to fixed farming or the intensification of production systems based on mechanisation. Nevertheless, the authors draw attention to the specificity of the results in function of collective interests, and the necessity of undertaking more detailed studies with farmers who were using animal traction with apparent success.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de seis testes sorológicos no diagnóstico da brucelose bubalina
(2002-04) MOLNÁR, László; MOLNÁR, Lászlóné Éva; NUNES, Emilia do Socorro Conceição de Lima; DIAS, Hilma Lúcia Tavares
Four hundred and forty buffalo sera, selected from about 1,200 blood samples of another study, were examined. The samples were tested by six serological methods: two of agglutination, two of indirect ELISA and two of competitive ELISA. To determine the relative sensitivity and specificity of different tests, animals with a positive result to competitive ELISA of the FAO/IAEA were considered as infected. The relative sensitivity of competitive ELISA, indirect ELISA with conjugate anti-bovine light chain monoclonal antibody labelled with HRPO, indirect ELISA with anti-bovine IgG conjugate, rose Bengal test and rapid slide agglutination test was 100%, 98.57%, 97.14%, 91.42% and 79.28%, and the relative specificity 99.33%, 97.33%, 95.66%, 94.00% and 86.33%, respectively. The value of the different serological tests for the diagnosis of brucellosis is discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Processos de ocupação nas novas fronteiras da Amazônia: o interflúvio do Xingu/ Iriri
(2005-08) ESCADA, Maria Isabel Sobral; VIEIRA, Ima Célia Guimarães; KAMPEL, Silvana Amaral; SANTOS, Roberto Araújo de Oliveira; VEIGA, Jonas Bastos da; AGUIAR, Ana Paula Dutra; VEIGA JUNIOR, Iran Pereira; OLIVEIRA, Myriam Cyntia Cesar de; PEREIRA, Jorge Luís Gavina; CARNEIRO FILHO, Arnaldo; FEARNSIDE, Philip Martin; VENTURIERI, Adriano; CARRIELLO, Felix; THALÊS, Marcelo Cordeiro; CARNEIRO, Tiago Garcia de Senna; MONTEIRO, Antônio Miguel Vieira; CÂMARA, Gilberto
This work presents the first results achieved through an interdisciplinary and multi-institutional effort conduct by the Geoma Network, aiming to advance in the comprehension of the new frontiers in the South of the Pará State, in the Amazonian region, by examining the new patterns of deforestation and the underlying processes that are generating them. Our objective is to product information aiding to draw responsible public policies considering not only one dimension of the problem like roads infra-structure, as usual. Based on the analysis presented here we pointed out that only an integrated solution, that considers the main actors and the organization of economical processes in the productive chains over the region, would be capable to minimize the effects of deforestation and would drive an integrated development policy to the region bringing benefits to forest conservation and the local population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estabelecimento a campo de mudas de Eucalyptus grandis micorrizadas com Pisolithus microcarpus (UFSC Pt 116) em solo arenoso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-06) MELLO, Andréa Hentz de; ANTONIOLLI, Zaida Inês; KAMINSKI, João; SOUZA, Eduardo Lorensi de; SCHIRMER, Guilherme Karsten; MACHADO, Rafael Goulart; LUPATINI, Manoeli; MORO JÚNIOR, Carlos
The aim of this work was to evaluate the survival and the initial growth of mycorrhizated eucalypts with Pisolithus microcarpus (UFSC Pt 116) ectomycorrhizal fungus, after its transplant to area subject to the arenization process in São Francisco de Assis, RS. The area was divided into four blocks, each one with four treatments (fertile turf with and without mycorrhizae, Quartzarenic Neosoil with and without mycorrhizae). Each parcel was composed of 16 seedlings arranged in four lines in the spacing of 1,5 m x 1,5 m, totalizing in each block 64 seedlings. 90 days after the planting in the field, the eucaliptus seedlings produced in turf with fungus in the fertile substratum presented a survival rate of 100 %, whereas for those produced in fertile turf without fingi, the survival rate was 92 %. The seedlings produced in the Quartzarenic Neosoil with and without mycorrhizae had a survival rate varying around 98 and 89 %, respectively. The produced seedlings with turf and fungus showed significant differences in height and stem diameter. This study showed that the Eucalyptus grandis seedlings produced in substratum fertile turf and inoculated with the Pisolithus microcarpus (UFSC Pt 116) isolated may maintain good development and establishment in the field.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Carbon content in Amazonian Oxisols after forest conversion to pasture
(2009-12) SILVA JÚNIOR, Mário Lopes da; DESJARDINS, Thierry; SARRAZIN, Max; MELO, Vânia Silva de; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; SANTOS, Elaine Rodrigues; CARVALHO, Claudio Jose Reis de
Soil plays an important role in the C cycle, and substitution of tropical forest by cultivated land affects C dynamic and stock. This study was developed in an area of expansion of human settlement in the Eastern Amazon, in Itupiranga, State of Pará, to evaluate the effects of native forest conversion to Brachiaria brizantha pasture on C contents of a dystrophic Oxisol. Soil samples were collected in areas of native forest (NF), of 8 to 10 year old secondary forest (SF), 1 to 2 year old SF (P1–2), 5 to 7 year old SF (P5–7), and of 10 to 12 year old SF (P10–12), and from under pastures, in the layers 0–2, 2–5 and 5–10 cm, to evaluate C levels and stocks and carry out separation of OM based on particle size. After deforestation, soil density increased to a depth of 5 cm, with greater increase in older pastures. Variation in C levels was greatest in the top soil layer; C contents increased with increasing pasture age. In the layers 2–5 and 5–10 cm, C content proved to be stable for the types of plant cover evaluated. Highest C concentrations were found in the silt fraction; however, C contents were highest in the clay fraction, independent of the plant cover. An increase in C associated with the sand fraction in the form of little decomposed organic residues was observed in pastures, confirming greater sensitivity of this fraction to change in soil use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conservação do sêmen e liquefação do coágulo seminal de macaco-prego (Cebus apella) em água de coco em pó (ACP-118®), em diferentes temperaturas
(2010-03) OLIVEIRA, Karol Guimarães; CASTRO, Paulo Henrique Gomes de; MUNIZ, José Augusto Pereira Carneiro; DOMINGUES, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza
The aim of this study was to evaluate the powdered coconut water (PCW) in the semen conservation and seminal clot liquefaction. The semen of six adult male Cebus apella was collected by electroejaculation (EEJ), diluted in ACP-118® extender and stayed in water bath at 33, 35 and 37°C for 24 hours. The sperm integrity was evaluated by eosin-nigrosine staining every one hour during the six initial hours and after 24 hours of incubation. The average volumes and sperm concentrations of clotted and liquid fractions were 0.20±0.02 and 0.20±0.10mL, 1.1±0.3x108 and 1.3±0.9x107 sperm mL-1, respectively. Immediately after collection, only in a sample of liquid fraction was observed 20% motility and vigor 4, which stopped after 40 minutes. Most of the clot was liquefied in ACP-118® after 12 hours of incubation. The best observed treatment was 33°C, because it kept 47±12.8% of sperm integrity after 24 hours. It was concluded that the PCW extender is effective in the liquefaction of seminal clot and maintenance of sperm viability 24 hours after the EEJ at 33, 35 and 37°C.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estimação de parâmetros genéticos para características produtivas em búfalos na Amazônia Oriental
(2010-06) RODRIGUES, Alessandra Epifanio; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; ARAÚJO, Cláudio Vieira de; CAMARGO JÚNIOR, Raimundo Nonato Colares; DIAS, Lilian de Nazaré Santos
Data from 1,182 records of Murrah females buffaloes and their crossbreds, calving from 1967 to 2005, were used to estimate genetic parameters by maximum restricted likelihood method. An animal model used to estimate variance components, included the fixed effects of herds, year and season of calving, order of parity, and length of lactation as covariables; and random effects of animal, permanent, and temporary environment. The estimate of heritability to milk yield, fat yield, length of lactation, and milk yield per day of calving interval were 0.25, 0.18, 0.08, and 0.09 respectively. Estimate of repeatability for milk yield, fat yield, and length of lactation were 0.33, 0.29, and 0.10, respectively. The genetic correlations between milk yield and fat yield, milk yield and length of lactation, milk yield and milk yield per day of calving interval, fat yield and length of lactation, fat yield and milk yield per day of calving interval, and length of lactation and milk yield per day of calving interval were 0.93, 0.76, 0.99, 0.89, 0.87, and -0.27, respectively. These results showed that genetic gains may be obtained by selecting to milk and fat yields.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Transformação dos principais usos da floresta no município de Moju, nordeste paraense
(2010-07) MOREIRA, Liliane Freitas; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; MELO, Acácio Tarciso Moreira de
The ideas presented here resulted from a survey in the community of Santa Maria, part of Olho D’Água settlement, in the municipality of Moju, State of Pará, Brazil. The objective of the article is to analyze the transformations lived deeply for a group of agriculturists how much to the use of the forest, more specifically the associates to the attainment of huntings and the accomplishment of country, after the change of the condition of use joint for the private use from the implantation of the nesting in 2002. The study revealed significant reduction in capture of hunt by local farmers given to restricted access to hunting areas which are now privet and also given to higher demand caused by the increasing number of settled families.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ciência, cientistas e democracia desfigurada: o caso Belo Monte
(2011-06) MORAL HERNÁNDEZ, Francisco del; MAGALHÃES, Sônia Barbosa
The hydroelectric frontier in the Amazon is expanding due to the construction of large projects such as Santo Antonio and Jirau in the Madeira River, proposed projects in the Tapajós River, and Belo Monte in the big bend of the Xingu River (licensed in February 2010). Large projects that generate energy in the Amazon region provoke political, social, and environmental confl icts. These confl icts affect the credibility of the Environmental Licensing Evaluation process. Discourse from social groups that oppose development policies for the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Dam project offer insight into the origins and progression of these confl icts. Criticisms of the Experts Panel Network created to analyze the Environmental Impact Assessment in Belo Monte and other sectors of the society are evaluated.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversificação dos sistemas produtivos familiares: reflexões sobre as relações sociedade-natureza na Amazônia Oriental
(2011-12) OLIVEIRA, Myriam Cyntia Cesar de; ALMEIDA, Jalcione; SILVA, Luis Mauro Santos
This article weaves some reflections on the relations society-nature in the Amazon region from the changes for the diversification that is taking place in the south-east from Pará. Leaving from a glance on the ways of the agriculture, it was tried to situate like the types of relations with nature they infl uenced the forms of exploration adopted in the region and what these changes mean in terms of the relations between farmers and the natural environment. The text discusses the principal elements and motivations that are in the constitution of this process of diversification, establishing a relation of the same thing with the capacity of adaptation and with the change of projects of the farmers in the sense of the permanence. In this sense, it seems to this change to illustrate the existence of the same process of relative stabilization of the farmers, already identified in other frontiers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hermenêutica botânica e antropização na Amazônia: exsicatas de verbenáceas da Amazônia Legal no Herbário do New York Botanical Garden
(2011-12) GUERRA, Gutemberg Armando Diniz; MENEZES, Maria de Nazaré Angelo; MING, Lin Chau
This article is based on information from a historical series of dried herbarium specimens dating from 1819 to 2002, bringing together contributions from researchers in both governmental and nongovernmental organizations from North and South America as well as from Europe. The focus is on Verbenaceae by its recognized range of aromatic and medicinal species of this family and its recognized use in Brazil. The study examines descriptive and critical notes from the New York Botanical Garden collection relating to the Amazonia, revealing the spirit of cooperation between Brazilian and foreign institutions in this region. Changes in the environment, network of researchers, changes in the language system, technology records and absorption of regional terms are detected over almost two centuries of scientific work that projects the continued training of scientists with local knowledge and interaction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso medicinal da pimenta malagueta (Capsicum frutescens L.) em uma comunidade de várzea à margem do rio Amazonas, Santarém, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12) ROMAN, André Luís Cote; MING, Lin Chau; ARAUJO, Izabel Carvalho de; SABLAYROLLES, Maria das Graças Pires
An ethnobotanical study was carried out for this study aimed at understanding the medicinal importance of malagueta / chili pepper (C. frutescens L.) in the daily life of the people of Cabeça D'Onça, an area in the Amazon River floodplain. The community of approximately 330 residents is situated in the municipality of Santarém, Pará State. In total, 116 people from 70 households were interviewed for this work. Information regarding the medicinal uses of these peppers was collected in semi-structured interviews and compiled in detail. In the second phase of the study, structured interviews were carried out in 40 households with 80 people (40 couples) to determine the most commonly-known uses of the peppers in the study area. Over 50% of those interviewed cited the use of the malagueta in curing certain illnesses reputed to be caused by contact with water from the Amazon River, including 'pano-branco', and 'impinge' (both diseases of the skin treated with the leaves) and rheumatism (treated with the fruit). A comparison of the data obtained in this study with published literature reveals strong indigenous influence in their medicinal use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Propriedades físicas do solo e sistema radicular do cacaueiro, da pupunheira e do açaizeiro na Amazônia oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10) MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; AUGUSTO, Sebastião Geraldo
The knowledge on the relationship between roots of crop plants and soil physical properties is very important. This article evaluates the distribution of the root systems of cocoa, palm peach and açai and their relationships with the soil physical properties. The research was carried out in an alic Yellow Latosol and root and soil samples were obtained from 10 cm to 40 cm depth. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block in the factorial design (four depth soils and three root class), with four replications. The açai root amount is twice of the palm peach and ten times more that of cacao. No difference was verified in the amount of roots of peach between the distances of the plants. The roots were collected in two distances of the plant stem in monolith samples and separated in three diameter class: < 1.0 mm, 1.0-3.0 mm e > 3.0 mm. The roots amount of the three plants was directly correlated with the coarse sand content and inversely correlated with clay content and bulk density. The large pores size was also directly correlated with the amount of cacao and açai roots in the three classes of diameter. The açai showed the most abundant root system and it the greatest number of correlations between the amount of roots and the physical properties of soil involving the three diameter root classes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Um olhar sobre os colegiados dos territórios da cidadania no Pará
(2013) PIRAUX, Marc; ASSIS, William Santos de; RODRIGUES, Valdir da Cruz; SILVA, Nilba Nilza Monteiro; ALVES, José Wilson
Territorial policies and in particular the Territories of Citizenship in Brasil are interesting institutional innovations. Evaluating and improving them require an analysis of the different mechanisms of public action and their practical consequences on the resulting territories. In the state of Para, strong relationship exists between territorial dynamics and functioning of Territorial Joint Committee of Territories of Citizenship. analyzed with the levei of participation, with efficiency of the governance and with implementation of projects investment. General and specific problems and positive aspects of the institutional arrangements are explained. Methodological and development perspectives are given to improve the program.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Does body size of neotropical ant species influence their recruitment speed?
(2013-03) GODOY, Bruno Spacek; CAMARGOS, Lucas Marques de
Ants are one of the most important animal groups in tropical forests because of its abundance and number of species. An important characteristic of the group is the eusociality, which allows the occurrence of a recruitment behavior when food resource is found. However, there are two main questions regarding this behavior: (i) the recruitment is a product of environmental or phylogenetic pressures, and (ii) the recruitment speed is related to the body size of the ant species. In this work we addressed these two questions using 17 species of neotropical ants, in the Amazonic lowland dense rain forest. According to results, recruitment behavior is related to ant size, where smaller species exhibit this trait when finding a protein resource. However, species size is not important in recruitment speed, which suggests that speed can be best explained by the type of food resources needed in the ant colony.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Effect of copaiba essential oil on broiler chickens' performance
(2013-06) AGUILAR, César Augusto López; LIMA, Kedson Raul de Souza; MANNO, Maria Cristina; TAVARES, Fernando Barbosa; SOUZA, Vanessa Pereira de; FERNANDES NETO, Dário Lisboa
The effects of copaiba essential oil on growth performance and yield of slaughtered broilers were evaluated. Four hundred and fifty broiler chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments, and six replicates of 15 broiler chicks. Treatments comprised Control (commercial promoter) and four levels of copaiba essential oil, or rather, 0.15 (0.15EO); 0.30 (0.30EO); 0.45 (0.45EO) and 0.60 mL (0.60EO) kg-1feed. The 21-day-old broilers fed on growth promoter had a greater body weight than that of birds fed on treatments with inclusion 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 mL of essential oil (p < 0.05). Aged 40 days, only the broilers fed on treatment with high level of inclusion of essential oil showed lower body weight when compared with those fed on treatment with growth promoter (p < 0.05). Feed intake, feed conversion, viability of broilers, carcass yield, commercial cuts and weight of the internal organs were not affected by treatments (p > 0.05). The efficiency of productive index decreases in proportion to the increase of copaiba essential oil inclusion level. Copaiba essential oil may be included in the diet up to 0.15 mL kg-1level without affecting the performance of broiler chickens.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O amálgama floresta e agricultura na Reserva Extrativista Arióca Pruanã
(2013-06) SILVA JUNIOR, Amintas Lopes da; SANTOS, Sônia Maria Simões Barbosa Magalhães; SABLAYROLLES, Maria das Graças Pires
The present study addresses the role of orchards and yards as interface between agriculture and extractivism in the Arióca Pruanã Extractivist Reserve, in the city of Oeiras, Pará state, Brazil. The agriculture depends on the forest and reconfigures it into secondary forests and orchards, as well as the forest insinuates itself into the yards as the wild plant species are therein introduced by human hands. The result of this management is the agroforestry in the landscape, visible face of the amalgam between agriculture and forest, and reproduction basis of the riparian lifestyle.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversidade de maçãs (Malus Domestica Borkh.) nas feiras de produtores de Nova Iorque
(2013-06) GUERRA, Gutemberg Armando Diniz; MING, Lin Chau; MENEZES, Maria de Nazaré Angelo
Visiting local growers fairs of New York City during a year, ranging from June, 2008 to May, 2009, a significative number of apple varieties was verified, demonstrating one particular aspect of plant diversity. Offered in Summer with great availability, is in Autumn and Winter that intraspecific diversity can be observed, crossing all seasonal periods. More than four hundred of plant species were verified in the market, choosing apple as one of more evident to analysis of diversity, once it is offered in 65 cultivars in fairs of the State to which the fruit gives the nickname. They represent a kind of diversity that goes beyond the concept of speciali7ation which is usually attributed to agriculture in developed country. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the genetic diversity and use of apples that are expressed in commercial activities in the streets and squares of New York City.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Trabalho familiar ou assalariamento? Dilema de jovens em comunidades rurais
(2013-06) ALVES, Ketiane dos Santos; MOTA, Dalva Maria da
The objective of this work was to analyze working strategies used by young people in the agricultural production with strong natural limitations in northeastern Pará. A case study was carried out in 2010 in the community of Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, in the municipality of Mãe do Rio. The main results show that the slash-and-burn based model of natural exploitation in areas of 25ha has caused great problems associated with the depletion of natural resources. Thus, the work strategies, especially among the young people are being rearranged. They now seek wage-earning activities as an alternative to obtain incomes faster and to develop their autonomy projects. This new reality has promoted changes in manpower demand and hiring in their units of origin and an overload of work for the people who remain in the family work.