Artigos Científicos - ICS

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Efeitos do uso crônico do difosfato de primaquina sobre a prenhez da rata
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1998-10) AZEVEDO, Eliel Nina de; SANTOS, Alessandra Silva; MENDES, Eliane Terezinha Rocha; SIMÕES, Manuel de Jesus; KULAY JÚNIOR, Luiz
Purpose: to evaluate the chronic action of primaquine diphosphate on the pregnancy of female albino rats. Methods: sixty pregnant female rats, separated into six groups, were used. Group I received daily, by gavage, 1 ml of distilled water from day zero to the 20th day of pregnancy (control group). The female rats of the other groups also received daily, by gavage, during the same period of time the volume of 1 ml containing gradually concentrated primaquine diphosphate solution: 0.25 mg/kg, group II; 0.50 mg/kg, group III; 0.75 mg/kg, group IV; 1.5 mg/kg, group V and 3.0 mg/kg, group VI. The maternal weights were considered on day zero and on the 7th, 14th and 20th days of pregnancy, when the matrices were sacrificed. Results: the results showed that primaquine diphosphate, in the used doses, did not interfere with none of the following variables: maternal weight, newborn weight, medium individual weight of fetuses, weight of the group of placentas and medium individual weight of the placentas, implantation number, number of placentas and number of fetuses, when compared with the control group. Also there was no case of reabsorption, malformation, maternal mortality or intrauterine death, in any of the studied groups. Conclusion: in the conditions of the study there were no contraindications for the continuous use of primaquine diphosphate during the pregnancy of the female rat.
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Lesão intestinal após isquemia-reperfusão: estudo comparativo usando sal tetrazólico (MTT) e histologia
(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2001-03) BRITO, Marcus Vinicius Henriques; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; ACÁCIO, Glayce June Sasaki; ACÁCIO, Glayce Josy Sasaki; REIS, José Maciel Caldas dos
Many methods are used to evaluate ischemia reperfusion injury, but the most employed one is the histological study. However, it only demonstrates on mucosal tunic, the index of lesion and morphologic preserved cells, but not the index of viable functional cells, present in the sample. With this purpose, a colorimetric method was used, employing Methyl Thiazolyl Blue (MTT). The experiment was conducted in 30 Wistar male rats, distributed in 3 groups: Group Control (GC), Group ischemia and reperfusion-1 (GIR-1) and Group ischemia and reperfusion-3 (GIR-3), with 10 animals each. The Groups GIR-1 and GIR-3 were submitted to intestinal ischemia for 30 minutes by a false ligature of superior mesenteric artery, and submitted to euthanasia after 1 and 3 days of reperfusion, when material was picked for absorbency and histological procedures. It was observed a smaller proportion of viable cells and a larger degree of mucosal lesion in GIR-3 group (p<0.05), while GC group was the one with the larger proportion of viable cells and smaller degree of the mucosal injury (p<0.05). This way we concluded that MTT is as effective and reliable as the histological study at evaluating alterations produced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.
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Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer
(2001-10) PEREIRA, Luana Paredes Leite de Barros; WAISBERG, Jaques; ANDRÉ, Eduardo Antonio; ZANOTO, Arnaldo; MENDES JÚNIOR, João Paulo; SOARES, Heloísa Prado
Background and Objectives — Considering the high prevalence of stomach cancer in the northern region of Brazil and the recognized relationship between chronic gastric inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori, and its carcinogenic potential, the objective we had with this study was to investigate the presence of the microorganism in macro and microscopic presentations of neoplasm in different regions of the stomach, and in non-malignant lesions concomitant to the adenocarcinoma in patients originating from the metropolitan area of Belém (State of Pará, Brazil). Methods - Examinations were made on 172 patients divided into two groups: group I, formed by 75 patients with gastric carcinoma, and group II, formed by 97 patients with mild enanthematic gastritis, considered control group. The diagnosis was obtained during endoscopic examination and the respective biopsy. Gastric neoplasms were classified macroscopically in accordance with Borrmann's classification, and microscopically in accordance with Laurén's classification. In group I, 54 patients were male and 21 female while in group II, 22 patients were male and 75 female. The average age in group I was 61.2 years (range 27 to 86 years), while in group II it was 37.5 years (range 16 to 69 years). Thin sections were prepared and stained using the hematoxylin-eosin method. In the Helicobacter pylori research, the modified Gram stain was utilized. Statistical analysis was done by utilizing the chi-squared (c 2) test, Mann-Whitney test (U), and Fisher's exact test. Results - The results showed the detection of Helicobacter pylori were significantly greater in patients with mild enanthematic gastritis than in patients with gastric carcinoma. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric carcinoma and mild enanthematic gastritis was significantly greater in the antral region than in other gastric regions. Helicobacter pylori detection in patients with gastric carcinoma did not present a significant difference in relation to the macroscopic aspect of the tumor either intestinal or diffuse histological types. Conclusions - These data suggest the presence of the bacteria is predominant in the antral region and it does not show relation with the macroscopic types or histological intestinal or diffuse types of gastric carcinoma.
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O que os pediatras conhecem sobre avaliação e tratamento da dor no recém-nascido?
(2003-06) CHERMONT, Aurimery Gomes; GUINSBURG, Ruth; BALDA, Rita de Cássia Xavier; KOPELMAN, Benjamin Israel
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the knowledge of pediatricians who work with neonatal patients regarding the evaluation and treatment of pain in newborn infants. METHODS: cross-sectional study of 104 pediatricians (out of 110) who were working during 1999 to 2001 in seven intensive care units and 14 nurseries in the city of Belém (Pará). The pediatricians answered a questionnaire about their demographic profile and their knowledge of pain evaluation and pain relief methods during the neonatal period. RESULTS: 100% of the pediatricians believed that newborns feel pain, but only one-third of them declared to know any scale for the evaluation of pain for this age group. The majority of the interviewees perceived the presence of pain in newborns by means of behavioral parameters. Crying was the preferential parameter to evaluate pain in full-term newborns; facial activity was the parameter chosen for premature infants; and heart rate for mechanically ventilated neonates. Less than 10% of the pediatricians reported using analgesia for venous and capillary puncture, while 30 to 40% said that they used analgesia for lumbar puncture, venous dissection, chest tube placement and mechanical ventilation. Less than half of those interviewed reported applying postoperative pain relief measures following abdominal surgery. Opioid was the most frequent medication for analgesia (60%), followed by midazolam (30%). CONCLUSION: these results demonstrate that it is necessary to refresh and update pediatricians' knowledge about pain assessment and relief.
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Estudo soroepidemiológico da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B entre portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana/SIDA na cidade de Belém, Pará - Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) MONTEIRO, Maria Rita de Cássia Costa; NASCIMENTO, Margarida Maria Passeri do; PASSOS, Afonso Dinis Costa; FIGUEIREDO, José Fernando de Castro
The objective of this investigation was to study the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in a sample of 406 adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection who attended at the public health care in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil, as well as analyzing possible risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 51% (CI: 46.1 - 55.8), with 7.9% (CI: 5.3 - 10.5) for HBsAg, 45.1% (CI: 40.3 - 49.9) for anti-HBc and 32.3% (CI: 27.5 - 36.8) for anti-HBs. After adjustment using logistic regression, hepatitis B serological markers were associated with the following variables: age, marital status and sexual preference. The frequency of hepatitis B markers was 28.7% in heterosexuals and 68.8% in homo/bisexuals (CI: 3.50 - 9.08; OR: 5.63; p=0.000). In married people the frequency was 31% and 58.7% in single people (CI: 1.29 - 3.63); OR: 2.16; p=0.003). Multivariate analysis showed no association between hepatitis B virus infection and illicit injectable drug use.
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Hepatite C: prevalência e fatores de risco entre portadores do VIH/SIDA em Belém, Pará, na Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) MONTEIRO, Maria Rita de Cássia Costa; NASCIMENTO, Margarida Maria Passeri do; PASSOS, Afonso Dinis Costa; FIGUEIREDO, José Fernando de Castro
The objective of this investigation was to study the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and to identify possible risk factors for its transmission, in 406 adult patients with HIV/Aids who attended at public health services, in Belém city, Pará, Brazil. The anti-HCV was performed by third generation immunoenzymatic technique, and the HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. The overall prevalence of hepatitis C virus was 16% (CI: 12.4 - 19.6). Multivariate analysis showed association between virus C infection and age, with significant risk in the group about fifty years old or more (OR=9.75), blood transfusion (OR=4.74) and use of injecting drugs (OR=149.28). The hepatitis C virus infection was detected in 83.7% of intravenous drug users and 22.1% of transfused patients. These data indicate the efficient transmission of the virus through the percutaneous exposition and reaffirm the high risk to hepatitis C among injectable illicit drug user.
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Eimeria lepidosirenis n.sp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) of the South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa (Osteichthyes:Dipnoi) from Amazonian Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-05) LAINSON, Ralph; RIBEIRO, Maria Lúcia da Silva
The mature oocysts of Eimeria lepidosirenis n.sp. are described in faeces removed from the lower region of the intestine of a single specimen of the South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa, from Belém, state of Pará, Amazonian Brazil. Oocysts with endogenous sporulation: spherical to slightly subspherical, 30.8 × 30.3 µm (28.1 × 25.9 -33.3 × 31.8), shape-index (ratio length/width) 1.0, n = 25. Oocyst wall a very thin, single layer approximately 0.74 µm thick, smooth, colourless, with no micropyle and rapidly breaking down to release the sporocysts. Oocyst residuum a bulky ovoid to spherical mass of approximately 20.0 × 15 µm, composed of fine granules and larger globules and enclosed by a very fine membrane: no polar bodies seen. Sporocysts 15.5 × 9.0 µm (14.5 × 8.0 16.0 × 9.0), shape index 1.7 (1.6-1.8), n = 30, ovoid, with one extremity rather pointed and with a very delicate Stieda body but no sub-Stieda body: sporocyst wall a single extremely thin layer with no valves. Sporocyst residuum a spherical to ovoid mass of approximately 5.0 × 4.0 µm, composed of fine granules and small globules and enclosed by a very fine membrane. Sporozoites strongly recurved at their ends and apparently with only a single refractile body. Site of development in the host uncertain: no evidence of endogenous stages was found in fresh scrapings and stained smears of the intestinal epithelium
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Segurança, imunogenicidade e eficácia protetora de duas doses da vacina RIX4414 contendo rotavírus atenuado de origem humana
(2007-06) ARAÚJO, Eliete da Cunha; CLEMENS, Sue Ann C.; OLIVEIRA, Consuelo Silva de; JUSTINO, Maria Cleonice Aguiar; RUBIO, Pilar; GABBAY, Yvone Benchimol; SILVA, Veronilce Borges da; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; CAVALCANTE, Vânia Lúcia Noronha; CLEMENS, Ralf; GUSMÃO, Rosa Helena Porto; SANCHEZ, Nervo; MONTEIRO, Talita Antonia Furtado; LINHARES, Alexandre da Costa
Objective: To determine the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of two doses of rotavirus vaccine in healthy Brazilian infants. Methods: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela. Infants received two oral doses of vaccine or placebo at 2 and 4 months of age, concurrently with routine immunizations, except for oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV). This paper reports results from Belém, Brazil, where the number of subjects per group and the viral vaccine titers were: 194 (104.7 focus forming units – FFU), 196 (105.2 FFU), 194 (105.8 FFU) and 194 (placebo). Anti-rotavirus (anti-RV) antibody response was assessed in 307 subjects. Clinical severity of gastroenteritis episodes was measured using a 20-point scoring system with a score of ≥ 11 defined as severe GE. Results: The rates of solicited general symptoms were similar in vaccine and placebo recipients. At 2 months after the second dose, a serum IgA response to RV occurred in 54.7 to 74.4% of vaccinees. No interference was seen in the immunogenicity of routine vaccines. Vaccine efficacy against any rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) was 63.5% (95%CI 20.8-84.4) for the highest concentration (105.8 FFU). Efficacy was 81.5% (95%CI 44.5-95.4) against severe RVGE. At its highest concentration (105.8 FFU), RIX4414 provided 79.8% (95%CI 26.4-96.3) protection against severe RVGE by G9 strain. Conclusions: RIX4414 was highly immunogenic with a low reactogenicity profile and did not interfere with seroresponse to diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Hib antigens. Two doses of RIX4414 provided significant protection against severe GE caused by RV.
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Práticas sociais coletivas para a saúde no assentamento Mártires de Abril na Ilha de Mosqueiro - Belém, Pará
(2008-09) CAVALCANTE, Inara Mariela da Silva; NOGUEIRA, Laura Maria Vidal
This research has a general intention of understanding the collective health social practices made in the "Assentamento Mártires De Abril" (AMA) settlement. It is a qualitative study, which comprehends the hermeneutics-dialectic data that was focused on Mosqueiro Island, metropolitan area of Belém Pará. Five social citizens had spontaneous participation in the research. The collective health social practices in AMA settlement are based and dependent on historical aspects of life, on the "Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais sem Terra-MST" fight (a landless laborers movement), on the health/illness conception and its relation with the land. It was concluded that its action expresses a form of care, essentially influenced by the natural ways, proposing to the Nursing care a new model of attention to the health. According to the studies, a period of training, based on experience with and in the social movements, is suggested as pedagogical practice to the Nursing Course of the "Universidade do Estado do Pará" (UEPA) university.
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Análise de percepções e ações de cuidados bucais realizados por equipes de enfermagem em unidades de tratamento intensivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03) ARAÚJO, Rodolfo José Gomes de; OLIVEIRA, Layla Cristine Gomes de; HANNA, Leila Maués Oliveira; CORRÊA, Adriano Maia; CARVALHO, Liliane Helena Vilar; ALVARES, Nair Carolina do Socorro Ferreira
Objectives: A study was carried out, by means of a questionnaire for guided interviews seeking to establish a profile of perceptions and oral care given by ICU nursing team to patients in intensive care units. Methods: The target population consisted of nursing practitioners divided in three education categories: nurses, nursing technicians and auxiliary nurses working at public and private hospital institutions providing for intensive care unit patients in Belem-PA. Dentistry experience has developed in this field reporting scientific findings and practical applications on prevention and reestablishment of the oral health in question. Results: This survey disclosed results suggesting that oral hygiene care given to intensive care units patients is insufficient and inadequate requiring changes be made in the care now provided in the nosocomial environment by the nursing team. Conclusion: Presence of a dentist, knowledge of preventive dentistry, dissemination and use of oral hygiene specific resources are means suggested in an attempt to resolve difficulties found in oral health maintenance and treatment of oral diseases that affect the general health of hospitalized individuals. Interdisciplinary action for these individuals is advocated to achieve a better quality of life by preventing or minimizing oral pathologies.
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Leucodermia sifilítica: expressão rara do secundarismo diagnosticada por exame histopatológico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08) MIRANDA, Mario Fernando Ribeiro de; BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; LOPES, Igor da Costa; CUMINO, Shirley do Socorro Magalhães
Biopsies are occasionally necessary to confirm the diagnosis of secondary-stage syphilis, currently achieved by clinico-serological correlation. However, histopathologic examination may offer clues that can lead to the diagnosis of the disease in previously unsuspected or unusual cases. We report the case of a 35-year-old male patient with vitiligo-like lesions for two years, whose diagnosis of syphilis was suggested only after histopathologic examination. Some microscopic aspects observed are discussed and compared to data from the literature.
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Atividade eletromiográfica durante exercícios de propriocepção de tornozelo em apoio unipodal
(2010-12) CALLEGARI, Bianca; RESENDE, Marília Maniglia de; RAMOS, Luiz Armando Vidal; BOTELHO, Lana Pereira; ALBUQUERQUE, Syme Alcolumbre de
Proprioception refers to the ability of mechanoreceptors to discriminate body position and joint movements, as well as tensions during static or dynamic phases. The aim of this study was to assess, by means of surface electromyography, activation patterns of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles in proprioception exercises, also comparing difficulty levels. Fifty-four sedentary, right-handed, 20-to-35 year-old male volunteers performed single-leg stance exercises on the balance board, wobble board, elastic trampoline and on the floor, at the rate of three 15-second repetitions each, with a 15-second interval between repetitions. After the exercises, volunteers pointed out the highest difficulty felt. Electrical activity of both muscles was significantly higher during the test on the balance board. On the floor, both muscles showed less activity, but only for gastrocnemius muscle this difference was significant. No differences were found in muscle activation during exercises on the wobble board and the elastic trampoline. Inter-muscle analysis showed greater activity of the tibialis anterior muscle, except on the balance board. This study suggests that, when planning one-leg stance exercise for proprioceptive training, the balance board is the equipment that most requires activation of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles, being also the most difficult one.
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Estudo fitoquímico biomonitorado pelos ensaios de toxicidade frente à Artemia salina e de atividade antiplasmódica do caule de aninga (Montrichardia linifera)
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2011) AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; MÜLLER, Adolfo Henrique; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni
Montrichardia linifera is an aquatic plant widely use in Amazon folkmedicine. However, very little is known about the chemical composition and biological activity. In search of biologically active (s) substance (s) phytochemical bioassay-guided study was conducted evaluating hexane extract and ethanol extract obtained from stems of this species. Since only the ethanol extract presented toxicity against Artemia salina and activity against Plasmodium falciparum, this extract was selected for chromatographic fractionation. The biological activities were concentred in dichloromethane fraction which showed high toxicity against A. saline (LD50< μg mL-1) and high antiplasmodial activity (IC50 <10 μg mL-1), showing promising antimalarial activity. Of this fraction, the aromatic compound p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was isolated for the first time in this plant.
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À La recherche d'une écoute. La clinique psychanalytique dans la banlieue de la citoyenneté
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06) VILHENA, Junia de; MOREIRA, Ana Cleide Guedes; NOVAES, Joana de Vilhena; BITTENCOURT, Maria Inês Garcia de Freitas
In this article we discuss psychoanalytical clinical work with patients from the poor class, focusing on the difficulties and deadlocks that come up when one treats patients who show subjective organizations that are very different from those originally described in psychoanalytic theory. Assuming that Ferenczi's notion of confusion of languages could be useful for thinking about problems that arise from the coexistence of different patterns of social relationships in highly excluding societies, we emphasize different dimensions of psychic suffering, with special focus on the psycho-social dimension.
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Estudo fitoquímico e análise mutagênica das folhas e inflorescências de Erythrina mulungu (Mart. ex Benth.) através do teste de micronúcleo em roedores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) BONA, Ana Paula de; BATITUCCI, Maria do Carmo Pimentel; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataide de; RIVA, J.A.R.; PERDIGÃO, T.L.
This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, to establish the mean lethal dose (LD50) and to assess the potential mutagenic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves and inflorescences of Erythrina mulungu Mart. ex Benth by using micronucleus test in bone marrow of mice. Phytochemical assays were carried out through preliminary reactions with color change and/or precipitate formation; the LD50 was obtained by intraperitoneal administration of three concentrations of the extracts, assessing the number of deaths after 48 hours, and the micronucleus test was done by the smear method, after exposure of animals to five days of treatment. Phytochemical results showed the presence of reducing sugars, phenols and tannins, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, depsides, depsidones and coumarin derivatives in both organs; foaming and steroidal saponins and triterpenes in the leaves and cardiotonic and anthraquinonic glycosides and alkaloids in the inflorescences. Considering the LD50, the leaf was atoxic and the inflorescence was moderately toxic. As regards the micronucleus test, results indicated absence of cytotoxicity while genotoxicity was dose-dependent for leaves and dose-independent for inflorescences. Thus, these results suggest that the plant, under the tested conditions, has the potential to induce damages to the DNA.
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Produção de compostos fenólicos a partir de células imobilizadas do líquen Parmotrema andinum (Müll. Arg.) Hale e avaliação de atividade antimicrobiana
(2012-03) NÓBREGA, Nadejda de Azevedo; RIBEIRO, Sheyla Mara de Almeida; PEREIRA, Eugênia Cristina; MARCELLI, Marcelo Pinto; MARTINS, Mônica Cristina Barroso; FALCÃO, Emerson Peter da Silva; GUSMÃO, Norma Buarque de; SILVA, Nicácio Henrique da
Hale and evaluation of antimicrobial activity). Secondary metabolites obtained from lichens should be carefully used by the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile and food industries because the extraction and isolation of these metabolites requires large amounts of biomass, which is not renewable due to how slow lichens grow. Nowadays, it is possible to obtain these substances either by tissue culture or cell and enzymatic immobilizations, from an in natura thallus, using a small amount of lichenous material. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the production of phenolic compounds from Parmotrema andinum (Müll. Arg.) Hale immobilized cells, using sodium acetate as a precursor in the biosynthesis of phenols. Testing of antimicrobial activity with organic extracts of the in natura thallus, cell eluate and lecanoric acid isolated from P. andinum Hale showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Through biochromatographic assays, it was possible to associate the antibacterial activity to the lecanoric acid and to another unidentified substance. The substances produced by cell immobilization did not exhibit any inhibitory action against tested microorganisms.
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O aprender e o orientar na atenção primária: relato de experiência de um semestre de atividades no PET-Saúde
(2012-03) ARAÚJO, Fernando Costa; FALCON, Elias Bruno Santana; RODRIGUES, Gizele Moreira; FREITAS, Leidian Coelho de; DUTRA, Claudia Daniele Tavares; PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar
The Educational Program for Health Work (PET-Saúde) promotes the formation of tutorial learning groups in strategic areas for the Unified National Health System. This study aimed to report on an experiment with a semester of activities experienced by students from the Federal University in Pará (UFPA) that were part of a multi-professional team in the PET-Saúde project in Ananindeua. This project promotes activities that value learning and humanized care. Learning activities involving students include talks and complementary training, discussion of scientific articles, and follow-up of activities at the Primary Care Unit. Primary Care is a learning area for students in the health professions, and their participation in the arena is a major gain for the community, which receives valuable health information.
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Dermatofibroma in a black tattoo: report of a case
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-01) BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; MIRANDA, Mario Fernando Ribeiro de; PARIJÓS, Amanda Magno de; FONSECA, Diana Mendes da; JAMBO, Diego Augusto Aiezza; MESQUITA, Letícia Brito
Tattooing has been associated with a variety of complications including inflammatory and granulomatous reactions, transmission of infections, and neoplasms. We report a case of a 24-year-old male who presented with a 2-month history of an erythematous nodule involving a newly made tattoo on the right leg. An excisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological evaluation was consistent with dermatofibroma. Only three cases of dermatofibroma associated with tatooing were reported in litetature. We report an additional case and review the literature regarding cutaneous reactions to tattoos.
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Convívio e cuidado familiar na quarta idade: qualidade de vida de idosos e seus cuidadores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-01) GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; LEITE, Marinês Tambara; HILDEBRANDT, Leila Mariza; BISOGNO, Silvana Cogo; BIASUZ, Sandra; FALCADE, Bruna Liége
It is important to get the quality of life or well being to the elderly who reached the fourth age - 80 years or more - with autonomy and independence. However, as people grow old, reliance on family care for the elderly becomes more frequent. Objective: This study aimed to assess family dynamics, quality of life and lifestyle of elderly at the fourth age and of their family caregivers. Method: Descriptive study involving 100 elderly and their caregivers. Data were collected by applying the Family Caregiver Profile Questionnaire, Family APGAR, Whoqol-Old, Whoqol-Bref and Nahas Lifestyle. Results: The elderly sample comprised mostly women, with mean age of 84 years, mostly of all with hypertension and heart diseases. Caregivers (67%) lived in the elderly’s household, were mostly women, daughters and granddaughters; 20% were elderly caregivers partners from both sexes. Although caregivers have reported good health and quality of life at a good level, their lifestyle was regular. According to the elderly, families have high dysfunctionality, although they had better levels of quality life in some areas and facets. Conclusion: Based on the research it was possible to identify the needs of redirecting to the public and social policies, in favor of a supporting network to the aged population and their family.
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Immediate graft histological assay, post pig's liver transplantation
(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2013-09) BRITO, Marcus Vinicius Henriques; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; CUNHA, Luane Cristine Batista; OLIVEIRA, Antônio Jorge Barbosa de; RODRIGUES, Jacqueline Barreto; BRITO, Nathalya Botelho
PURPOSE: To describe the vascular and tissue histopathological changes in seven sequential experimental liver transplantations in pigs. METHODS: Fourteen female pigs, Sus domesticus species, with body mass between 5 and 8 kg were utilized. After the end of all anastomoses of the graft implantation in the receptor, the animal was monitored for 30 minutes, and at its end one of the biopsies was collected for histological analysis. The histological criteria utilized were: lytic hepatocyte necrosis, density of septal and portal inflammatory infiltrated, sinusoidal congestion and hemorrhage. The analysis was performed separately for the portal region in zone 1, 2 and 3. RESULTS: Among the structural changes undergone by the graft, those with greater frequency and intensity were vascular congestion and steatosis, which stood out in transplantations 5, 6 and 7. CONCLUSIONS: The technique demonstrated vascular alterations represented by vasocongestion, edema and minimum inflammatory reaction. In relation to the parenchyma, was observed macrovacuolar pan-acinar steatosis, focal lytic and occasional hemorrhages, beyond the accumulation of hemosiderin in Kuppfer's cells.