Artigos Científicos - ICS

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6317

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Estudo fitoquímico biomonitorado pelos ensaios de toxicidade frente à Artemia salina e de atividade antiplasmódica do caule de aninga (Montrichardia linifera)
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2011) AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; MÜLLER, Adolfo Henrique; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni
Montrichardia linifera is an aquatic plant widely use in Amazon folkmedicine. However, very little is known about the chemical composition and biological activity. In search of biologically active (s) substance (s) phytochemical bioassay-guided study was conducted evaluating hexane extract and ethanol extract obtained from stems of this species. Since only the ethanol extract presented toxicity against Artemia salina and activity against Plasmodium falciparum, this extract was selected for chromatographic fractionation. The biological activities were concentred in dichloromethane fraction which showed high toxicity against A. saline (LD50< μg mL-1) and high antiplasmodial activity (IC50 <10 μg mL-1), showing promising antimalarial activity. Of this fraction, the aromatic compound p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was isolated for the first time in this plant.
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Fluoretação da água no Brasil: distribuição regional e acurácia das informações sobre vigilância em municípios com mais de 50 mil habitantes
(Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2019-07) COSTA, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da; NORO, Luiz Roberto Augusto; CURY, Jaime Aparecido; ZILBOVICIUS, Celso; PINHEIRO, Helder Henrique Costa; ELY, Helenita Corrêa; FRAZÃO, Paulo
Sanitation data for 2008 indicated that 74.4% of Brazilian municipalities (counties) with more than 50,000 inhabitants were receiving fluoridated water, but no criteria were adopted to validate the information. The study aimed to verify the accuracy of information on water fluoridation, using as the reference water surveillance data from municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants in 2008 and during 2010-2015. Data from different sources were used, comparing the information pertaining to the period. Water samples were collected, and fluoride concentration was obtained by the electrometric method. Verification was performed by comparing the data obtained from different sources. Data were compared for 601 (97.9%) municipalities. The proportion of municipalities that performed surveillance based on external control increased from 39.4% to 48.5%. There was a high rate of false positives and false negatives (15.1%) in the data for 2008. Municipal coverage was 70.2%, or 4.2 percentage points below the published estimate (74.4%) for 2008. Surveillance records were observed in 54.3% of the fluoridated municipalities whose population coverage reached at least 50% of the population receiving treated water. There was an important improvement in fluoridation surveillance data, despite a high percentage of false positives and negatives. There are still wide interregional differences in the surveillance of water fluoridation in this sample of Brazilian municipalities, raising important public health challenges.
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Experiência do ensino integrado ao serviço para formação em Saúde: percepção de alunos e egressos de Odontologia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03) EMMI, Danielle Tupinambá; SILVA, Daiane Maria Cavalcante da; BARROSO, Regina Fátima Feio
This research aims to evaluate the importance of out-of-class experience in dentistry professional education through the perception of dentistry students and graduates who work in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). Thirty-six portfolios constructed by students from 2009 to 2014 were selected to be analyzed in this study. Additionally, five graduates who work in the SUS were interviewed regarding the contribution of this experience for their performance in the SUS. Speech analysis of the interviews was carried out using a qualitative approach with thematic content analysis. The practices in health services were valued mainly for allowing the professionals to recognize the social reality and services with their shortcomings and difficulties. In conclusion, these experiences stimulate the education of more human, ethical and reflective professionals, that are aware and potentially modifiers of the health reality whenever it diverges from SUS principles.
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Ensino na Saúde como objeto de pesquisa na pós-graduação stricto sensu: análise do Pró-Ensino na Saúde
(Universidade Estadual Paulista, 2018) BAHIA, Silvia Helena Arias; HADDAD, Ana Estela; BATISTA, Nildo Alves; BATISTA, Sylvia Helena Souza da Silva
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Association between perceived racial discrimination and hypertension: findings from the ELSA-Brasil study
(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2018-03) NOBRE, Aline Araújo; GRIEP, Rosane Härter; GUIMARÃES, Joanna Miguez Nery; PEREIRA, Alexandre; CHOR, Dóra; MENDES, Patrícia Miranda; BARRETO, Sandhi Maria; JUVANHOL, Leidjaira Lopes
“Pardos” and blacks in Brazil and blacks in the USA are at greater risk of developing arterial hypertension than whites, and the causes of this inequality are still little understood. Psychosocial and contextual factors, including racial discrimination, are indicated as conditions associated with this inequality. The aim of this study was to identify the association between perceived racial discrimination and hypertension. The study evaluated 14,012 workers from the ELSA-Brazil baseline population. Perceived discrimination was measured by the Lifetime Major Events Scale, adapted to Portuguese. Classification by race/color followed the categories proposed by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Hypertension was defined by standard criteria. The association between the compound variable - race/racial discrimination - and hypertension was estimated by Poisson regression with robust variance and stratified by the categories of body mass index (BMI) and sex. Choosing white women as the reference group, in the BMI < 25kg/m2 stratum, “pardo” women showed adjusted OR for arterial hypertension of 1.98 (95%CI: 1.17-3.36) and 1.3 (95%CI: 1.13-1.65), respectively, whether or not they experienced racial discrimination. For black women, ORs were 1.9 (95%CI: 1.42-2.62) and 1.72 (95%CI: 1.36-2.18), respectively, for the same categories. Among women with BMI > 25kg/m2 and men in any BMI category, no effect of racial discrimination was identified. Despite the differences in point estimates of prevalence of hypertension between “pardo” women who reported and those who did not report discrimination, our results are insufficient to assert that an association exists between racial discrimination and hypertension.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pencil-core granuloma
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08) BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; SANTOS, Josie Eiras Bisi dos; BARROS JUNIOR, Jorge Nazareno da Silva; XERFAN, Ellen Maria Sampaio
Pencil core granulomas are still infrequently reported in the literature. A 67-year-old woman presented with a 4mm hard blue subcutaneous nodule on the forehead. She remembered being injured with a pencil tip about 60 years before. The subcutaneous nodule was excised, which microscopically revealed a foreign body reaction with histiocytes containing fragmented coarse black particles. We diagnosed pencil-core granuloma based on the patient’s history of pencil tip injury and histological examination findings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Kaposi’s sarcoma in persons living with HIV/AIDS: a case series in a tertiary referral hospital
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08) PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; NORONHA, Marcos Antônio Neves; MONTEIRO, Julius Caesar Mendes Soares; COSTA, Albert Luiz Costa da; ABREU JUNIOR, José Maria de Castro
Background: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a rare neoplasm with indolent progression. Since 1981, the Kaposi’s sarcoma epidemic has increased as co-infection with HIV. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the clinical and demographic characteristics and therapeutic approaches in HIV/AIDS patients in a regional referral hospital. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 51 patients with histopathological diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma hospitalized at Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB) from 2004 to 2015. Results: The study sample consisted of individuals 15 to 44 years of age (80.4%), male (80.4%), single (86.3%), and residing in Greater Metropolitan Belém, Pará State, Brazil. The primary skin lesions identified at diagnosis were violaceous macules (45%) and violaceous papules (25%). Visceral involvement was seen in 62.7%, mainly affecting the stomach (75%). The most frequent treatment regimen was 2 NRTI + NNRTI, and 60.8% were referred to chemotherapy. Study limitations: We assumed that more patients had been admitted to hospital without histopathological confirmation or with pathology reports from other services, so that the current study probably underestimated the number of KS cases. Conclusion: Although the cutaneous manifestations in most of these patients were non-exuberant skin lesions like macules and papules, many already showed visceral involvement. Meticulous screening of these patients is thus mandatory, even if the skin lesions are subtle and localized.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-07) COSTA, Eline Pinheiro Weba; LUCENA, Bethänia Dias de; AMIN, Gabriela Athayde; BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; DIAS JUNIOR, Leonidas Braga; PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar
Cutaneous lymphomas are classified according to their cellular origin into T-cell lymphoma and B-cell lymphoma. The annual incidence rate is 0.3 per 100,000 population. We report a case of a 56-year-old male patient who presented with a two-month history of nodules of varying sizes, some ulcerated, on the face, abdomen, and upper limbs. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of primary cutaneous centrofollicular lymphoma. Studies have shown an increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the last decade. We report an infrequent case that should be kept as a differential diagnosis of patients with nodules and cutaneous papules.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dermatofibroma in a black tattoo: report of a case
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-01) BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; MIRANDA, Mario Fernando Ribeiro de; PARIJÓS, Amanda Magno de; FONSECA, Diana Mendes da; JAMBO, Diego Augusto Aiezza; MESQUITA, Letícia Brito
Tattooing has been associated with a variety of complications including inflammatory and granulomatous reactions, transmission of infections, and neoplasms. We report a case of a 24-year-old male who presented with a 2-month history of an erythematous nodule involving a newly made tattoo on the right leg. An excisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological evaluation was consistent with dermatofibroma. Only three cases of dermatofibroma associated with tatooing were reported in litetature. We report an additional case and review the literature regarding cutaneous reactions to tattoos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Funcionalidade familiar de idosos brasileiros residentes em comunidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-07-21) CAMPOS, Ana Cristina Viana; REZENDE, Gabrielli Pinho de; FERREIRA, Efigênia Ferreira e; VARGAS, Andréa Maria Duarte; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase
Objective: To evaluate the family functioning of Brazilian elderly people and test how determining factors influence it. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 2,052 elderly people based on data collected in the baseline of the study Aging, gender and quality of life (AGEQOL), with participants answering questionnaires about family dynamics, basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL and IADL), cognitive state and sociodemographic characteristics. Multivariate ordinal regression models and multiple correspondence analysis identified factors associated with good family functioning. Results: Most elderly people had good family functioning (76.3%), were married and lived with their spouse (55.5%), had more than six children and grandchildren (85.4% and 76.7%, respectively) and were independent to perform IADL (71.5%). Correspondence analysis resulted in three groups: good, moderate and poor family functioning, and a profile of elderly people with different socioeconomic conditions. Conclusion: It was possible to infer implications for practices and policies of family care with elderly members to meet their specific routine and life and health conditions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do burnout em trabalhadores de um hospital universitário do município de Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06) PANTOJA, Fábio Gian Braga; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos da; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataide de; SANTOS, Alex de Assis Santos dos
The objective of this study was to evaluate the elements that characterize burnout in workers at a university hospital in the city of Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. It is a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional delineation, investigating 62 workers. It was verified a high prevalence rate. Although some results do not confirm the literature, it must be emphasized that most of the professional categories had not yet been studied adopting this methodology, which prevents more consistent comparisons. It is suggested that working conditions may be more responsible for the symptoms of burnout rather than the isolated characteristics of the professionals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bacterial vaginosis in pregnant adolescents: proinflammatory cytokine and bacterial sialidase profile: cross-sectional study
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) FERREIRA, Carolina Sanitá Tafner; MARCONI, Camila; PARADA, Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima; DUARTE, Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo; GONÇALVES, Ana Paula Oliveira; RUDGE, Marilza Vieira Cunha; SILVA, Márcia Guimarães da
Bacterial vaginosis occurs frequently in pregnancy and increases susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STI). Considering that adolescents are disproportionally affected by STI, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cervicovaginal levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and bacterial sialidase in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at mother and child referral units in Belém, Pará, Brazil. METHODS: Vaginal samples from 168 pregnant adolescents enrolled were tested for trichomoniasis and candidiasis. Their vaginal microbiota was classified according to the Nugent criteria (1991) as normal, intermediate or bacterial vaginosis. Cervical infection due to Chlamydia trachomatisand Neisseria gonorrhoeae was also assessed. Cytokine and sialidase levels were measured, respectively, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and MUAN conversion in cervicovaginal lavages. Forty-eight adolescents (28.6%) were excluded because they tested positive for some of the infections investigated. The remaining 120 adolescents were grouped according to vaginal flora type: normal (n = 68) or bacterial vaginosis (n = 52). Their cytokine and sialidase levels were compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis had higher levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Sialidase was solely detected in 35 adolescents (67.2%) with bacterial vaginosis. CONCLUSIONS: Not only IL-1 beta and sialidase levels, but also IL-6 and IL-8 levels are higher in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis, thus indicating that this condition elicits a more pronounced inflammatory response in this population, which potentially increases vulnerability to STI acquisition.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Continuing education on child development for primary healthcare professionals: a prospective before-and-after study
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05) FIGUEIRAS, Amira Consuêlo de Melo; PUCCINI, Rosana Fiorini; SILVA, Edina Mariko Koga da
Children's developmental disorders are often identified late by healthcare professionals working in primary care. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a continuing education program on child development, on the knowledge and practices of these professionals. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective single-cohort study (before-and-after study), conducted in the city of Belém, Pará , Brazil. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-one professionals working in primary healthcare (82.2%) participated in a continuing education program on child development and were assessed before and after implementation of the program through tests on their knowledge of child development, consisting of 19 questions for physicians and 14 for nurses, and questionnaires on their professional practices. RESULTS: One to three years after the program, the mean number of correct answers in the tests had increased from 11.5 to 14.3 among physicians in the Healthy Family Program (Programa Família Saudável, PFS); 13.0 to 14.3 among physicians in Municipal Health Units (Unidades Municipais de Saúde, UMS); 8.3 to 10.0 among PFS nurses; and 7.8 to 9.4 among UMS nurses. In interviews with mothers attended by these professionals before the program, only 21.7% reported that they were asked about their children's development, 24.7% reported that the professional asked about or observed their children's development and 11.1% received advice on how to stimulate them. After the program, these percentages increased to 34.5%, 54.2% and 30.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Professionals who participated in the program showed improved performance regarding child development knowledge and practices.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
À La recherche d'une écoute. La clinique psychanalytique dans la banlieue de la citoyenneté
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06) VILHENA, Junia de; MOREIRA, Ana Cleide Guedes; NOVAES, Joana de Vilhena; BITTENCOURT, Maria Inês Garcia de Freitas
In this article we discuss psychoanalytical clinical work with patients from the poor class, focusing on the difficulties and deadlocks that come up when one treats patients who show subjective organizations that are very different from those originally described in psychoanalytic theory. Assuming that Ferenczi's notion of confusion of languages could be useful for thinking about problems that arise from the coexistence of different patterns of social relationships in highly excluding societies, we emphasize different dimensions of psychic suffering, with special focus on the psycho-social dimension.
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A Educação física no âmbito do tratamento em saúde mental: um esforço coletivo e integrado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09) MELO, Lígia Gizely dos Santos Chaves; OLIVEIRA, Kleber Roberto da Silva Gonçalves de; RAPOSO, José Jacinto Branco Vasconcelos
This article analyzes the use of physical education in treating mental illness by describing the contributions of this area to mental health therapies. Based on several studies, the authors discuss the benefits of physical education as a therapeutic aid in reducing the symptoms of psychic disorders. The conclusion is that physical education and science can be useful to psychiatry as part of interdisciplinary efforts in the treatment of patients with mental distress.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Parapneumonic pleural effusion: reality and strategies in an Amazon university hospital
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12) ARÊAS, Claudia Giselle Santos; NORMANDO JÚNIOR, Geraldo Roger; FARIAS JUNIOR, Orlando Sandoval; CARNEIRO, Irna Carla do Rosário Souza
Objective: to define the profile and analyze the postoperative evolution of children with parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), and to evaluate strategies used in the presence of diagnostic and therapeutic limitations, emphasizing the open thoracic drainage (OTD). Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional, prospective, analytical study in which we followed children admitted in an Amazon university hospital with surgically addressed PPE, from October 2010 to October 2011. Results: we studied 46 patients, most children under three years of age (74%), with no gender predominance. A significant portion of the sample (28%) had inappropriate body mass index. We found short stature in five patients (11%), which tended, in general, to a worst postoperative outcome when compared with children of normal height (p=0.039). The average duration of symptoms till admission was 16.9 days. Empyema was a common diagnosis in the first surgery (47.8%), and its bearers had longer duration of chest tube drainage (p=0.015). Most children (80.4%) were operated only once. The mean length of hospital stay was 25.9 days. Thoracic drainage (water-sealed) was the most common procedure (85%), with conversion to OTD in 24% of the sample, thoracotomy being rare (4%). There were no deaths. Conclusion: the studied individuals often had advanced disease and nutritional disorders, affecting outcome. OTD remains a valid option for specific situations, and further studies are needed for confirmation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Eimeria lepidosirenis n.sp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) of the South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa (Osteichthyes:Dipnoi) from Amazonian Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-05) LAINSON, Ralph; RIBEIRO, Maria Lúcia da Silva
The mature oocysts of Eimeria lepidosirenis n.sp. are described in faeces removed from the lower region of the intestine of a single specimen of the South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa, from Belém, state of Pará, Amazonian Brazil. Oocysts with endogenous sporulation: spherical to slightly subspherical, 30.8 × 30.3 µm (28.1 × 25.9 -33.3 × 31.8), shape-index (ratio length/width) 1.0, n = 25. Oocyst wall a very thin, single layer approximately 0.74 µm thick, smooth, colourless, with no micropyle and rapidly breaking down to release the sporocysts. Oocyst residuum a bulky ovoid to spherical mass of approximately 20.0 × 15 µm, composed of fine granules and larger globules and enclosed by a very fine membrane: no polar bodies seen. Sporocysts 15.5 × 9.0 µm (14.5 × 8.0 16.0 × 9.0), shape index 1.7 (1.6-1.8), n = 30, ovoid, with one extremity rather pointed and with a very delicate Stieda body but no sub-Stieda body: sporocyst wall a single extremely thin layer with no valves. Sporocyst residuum a spherical to ovoid mass of approximately 5.0 × 4.0 µm, composed of fine granules and small globules and enclosed by a very fine membrane. Sporozoites strongly recurved at their ends and apparently with only a single refractile body. Site of development in the host uncertain: no evidence of endogenous stages was found in fresh scrapings and stained smears of the intestinal epithelium
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Selective vesical artery embolization for treatment of gross hematuria due to actinic cystitis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) GÓES JUNIOR, Adenauer Marinho de Oliveira; JEHA, Salim Abdon Haber; QUEIROZ, Marcus Vinicius Baptista
This article describes the case of a 46-year-old female patient who had been treated with radiotherapy for cervical cancer. She developed actinic cystitis with frequent episodes of severe hematuria. She required repeated catheterization to manage urinary retention, blood transfusions and hospital admissions. Conservative measures and attempts to achieve hemostasis by cystoscopy were unsuccessful at controlling bleeding. The patient therefore underwent endovascular treatment with superselective embolization of the vesical arteries and other vascular pedicles found to be linked with the bleeding. The procedure was successful and the patient has been in follow-up for 9 months with no need for further blood transfusions or admission to hospital. According to a review of the literature, use of this technique has not previously been described in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Embolização arterial superseletiva para tratamento de angiomiolipoma em paciente com rim único
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06) GÓES JUNIOR, Adenauer Marinho de Oliveira; JEHA, Salim Abdon Haber; SALGADO, José Rui Couto
The authors report on a case of a young woman who had previously undergone a right nephrectomy due to renal angiomyolipomas, currently presenting voluminous angiomyolipomas of the remaining kidney. The patient’s urologist referred her for endovascular treatment. Superselective arterial embolization of one tumor (located at the inferior renal pole), was conducted successfully. Several attempts at selective catheterization were made to embolize the second angiomyolipoma (located at the superior lobe), without jeopardizing a significant amount of the surrounding renal parenchyma, but this ultimately proved not to be feasible. The procedure and recovery were uneventful. The patient was discharged on the first postoperative day and has been followed for 9 months with no complications. The authors provide a brief review of the indications, technical aspects and complications of endovascular treatment of renal angiomyolipomas and also discuss the advantages of the endovascular approach over surgical resection for this kind of tumor.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Chemical, morphological, and thermogravimetric of Terminalia catappa Linn
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03) SANTOS, Orquídea Vasconcelos dos; LORENZO, Natasha Dantas; LANNES, Suzana Caetano da Silva
The objective of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition, morphology, and the thermogravimetric behavior of the pulp of Terminalia catappa, also known as tropical almond. The analytical results show, based mainly on its lipid content, that this fruit has a considerable energy value. Its fiber content contributes to enhance the functional properties of the fruit. Morphological characteristics show a spongy-like structure with dispersion of starch granules and high concentration of fiber bundles, confirming the results of the chemical composition analysis. The thermogravimetric behavior exhibited by this fruit pulp when submitted to progressive temperature increase under dynamic air atmosphere shows that this raw material has great potential for industrial use due to its high absorption rate of water soluble and/or lipid-based compounds, allowing its use as a dietary complement or supplement ingredient in food products.