Dissertações em História (Mestrado) - PPHIST/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4190

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2004 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História (PPHIST) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 18 de 18

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O avesso das expectativas: exploração dos recursos naturais e exclusão em Moatize, Província de Tete, Moçambique (2000 a 2015)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-31) MATEUS, Estone Bento Mifolo; BEZARRE NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821
The advancement of modern capitalism imposes new ways of facing the global and competitive Market, resulting from the growth of the industry, which demands raw material incessantly to feed this industry in a continuous line of progress. On the path of this unbridled race for the acquisition of raw material, the African continent becomes once again, the stage on which the games of capitalism interests take place, usually accompanied by a noisy silence and the apathy that has characterized African government, from the point of view of supervision and lag of collective interests, Africa has been the preferred place. In this context, Mozambique did not escape the rule, because of the existing coal deposits in the coal basin of Moatize; there is a growing flow of large companies interested in the exploitation of mineral coal. Faced with this meeting between two completely different realities, on the one hand the multinationals with extensive experience in the exploitation of resources and, on the other a technical and, a State, whose institutions are weak and without a technical capacity necessary to supervise enterprises of such magnitude, allied to a population without experience in these situation, resulting in a clash of very different realities. The companies taking advantage of the weaknesses presented, exempt themselves from corporate social responsibility, on the other hand, the new rich equip the State for personal or group benefits, installing a permanent conflict between the local populations claiming their legitimate rights and the extractive companies eager for profits, applying for the effect “Machiavellian” principles, in which the ends justify the means. This process results in exclusion in its various typologies, from environmental exclusion, social and economic exclusion. The marked level of social exclusion refers to the thought that the project may not be socially fair or environmentally sustainable, because the Mozambican political economy is essentially extractive and generating exclusion.
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Cidadania negra, triolets e imprensa: a destemida trajetória de João da Cruz contra o racismo e sua luta por reconhecimento e igualdade (Maranhão-Pará, 1864-1887)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-13) LIMA, Helder Lameira de; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299
This dissertation investigates the life of João Francisco da Cruz, a Black intellectual from the late 19th century, whose trajectory in Pará reveals the complexities of the struggles for citizenship in a society marked by slavery. Focusing on the intersection between his personal narrative and the racial tensions of the time, the study analyzes the role of the press, especially the newspaper Diário de Notícias, in constructing racial representations and ideological battles surrounding the abolition of slavery. In Pará, in the “Solicitados” section of Diário de Notícias, we found triolets that referred to “monkey”, “nigger”, “carafuz” (mulatto person), and “the most petulant Black man”, João da Cruz, used to satirize, mock, and discriminate against men of color. The research identified 102 triolets, 2 steam romances, 1 epigram, 1 sonnet, 2 short poems, 5 riddles, and 1 fable, all involving João da Cruz, between December 1882 and March 1883, reappearing between May and September 1885. From these triolets and other notes about João da Cruz, various related news articles were found, deepening the understanding of his figure. This research aims not only to map João da Cruz's achievements but also to uncover the obstacles faced by Afro-descendants in their quest for recognition and equality. By exploring notarial and periodical sources, the study highlights the strategies of overcoming adopted by João da Cruz and other Afro-descendants in a context of inequality and racial prejudice, contributing to a broader understanding of the history of Afro-descendants in Brazil and their legacies in contemporary society.
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Ciência, nação e região na Era Vargas: o caso do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (1930-1945)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-27) LEAL, Diego Rodrigo Guimarães; GUZMÁN, Décio Marco Antônio de Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0656841754619406; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3219-4404; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
This dissertation is situated at the interface of environmental history and the History of Science and proposes to the relationship between science and politics between 1930 and 1945, a period known as the Vargas Era. The period is characterid by historiography as rupture in the political, administrative, social and economic sphere of the Brazilian state, in relation to the balance of force and the partten of development the so-called First Republic. This change was reflected in the cultural esphere and had consequences for the institucionalization of the Sciences and the configuration of a Brazilian heritage field. This process will be analyzed in the state of Pará through a case study, particularly the scientific work of Carlos Estêvão de Oliveira at the head of the Emilio Goeldi Museum, where he served as director for amost 15 years, since he was invited by the federal Magalhães Barata, 1930. In this context, the state of Pará was going through a serious financial crisis, as the rubber economic had collapsed since the 1910, and public instituicions, with few resources at their disposal, began to face numerous problems. The aim is therefore to understand the institutional adopted Carlos Estêvão de Oliveira during his time in office, what the scientific agenda built up during this period and how the institution was transformed into a centralizing and nacionalist political enviroment.
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“[...] dividir o corte da lenha [...] afim de não vermos brevemente as nossas matas calvas e estragadas”: a lenha nas Províncias do Pará e Amazonas (1850-1888)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-23) CORDOVIL, Wendell Presley Machado; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
In the 19th century in the Amazon, the steam vessels that sailed the region’s rivers did not yet use diesel as fuel. House kitchens still did not use “cooking gas”. It was another item that stood out as a producer of energy for steam ships and kitchen stoves in everyday life: firewood. Trees were felled, cut into pieces and turned into “sticks” [achas de lenha]. From the 1850s onwards, firewood became a valuable product for steam navigation on Amazon rivers and for kitchens in homes, institutions or bakeries and hotels. Firewood produced interactions between humans, but also between humans and non-humans, such animals and plants. Indigenous people, blacks, whites, horses and “maçarandubas” (a type of tree) appear as characters in this Master’s Thesis. With documents (such as newspapers, reports from provincial presidents, travel reports, drawings and floor plans) it was possible to understand a little of the complex reality that existed in Pará and Amazonas, between 1850 and 1888, for the production, trade and use of firewood. Focusing on steams and kitchens, this work presents the use of firewood, the mandatory work for the production of this fuel, human interaction with plants, animals, and also the beginning of a concern with deforestation generated by the production of firewood, from its uses and representations.
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“Do sarampão as perniciozissimas bexigas”: epidemias no Grão-Pará setecentista (1748-1800)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-11-14) MARTINS, Roberta Sauaia; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300
This paper seeks to analyze the main actions and strategies used by colonial and metropolitan authorities, towards the impacts caused by three specific epidemics that struck the Grão-Pará captaincy, in the second half of the eighteenth century. In an exercise to discuss how these strategies were born and forged out of the power exchanges across the Atlantic as well as the Grão-Pará internal context. It seeks to comprehend not only the accomplished guidelines, but also how these events were described; the converging points and the tensions of the paths traded by the epidemics.
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“Em auxílio dos seus”: Mutualismo espanhol numa cidade Amazônica (Belém-Pará, 1890 – 1920)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-26) LIMA, Aline de Kassia Malcher; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
At the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, the city of Belém underwent intense changes promoted by the rubber economy, the product of greatest export in the period. In this context, the city of Belém experiences the arrival of a significant number of national and international migrants moved by the opportunity of enrich with the opportunity that this land provided and propagandized. The Spaniards are the second largest group of foreign immigrants to the city of Belém. Most of them emigrated from Galicia, settling in the urban context and creating networks of sociability and solidarity through associations. The research object is the mutual aid associations for Spanish immigrants. The problem is to understand how the survival strategies of the Spaniards who arrived in the Amazon in the beginning of the 20th century are activated through the mutual aid associations in Belém, particularly the Union Española de Socorros Mútuos and the Centro Galaico del Pará. Ethnic mutualists of emigrants are configured as a true symbolic landmark of territoriality. Through a collection of different sources it was possible to understand the dynamics of its operation. In this sense, the memory of immigrants in relation to their homeland is preserved and the ties maintained with it are present throughout the existence of Spanish associative centers as a form of expression and belonging, these being platforms for political and social dialogue.
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“Empório dos gêneros do sertão e do comércio”: elite proprietária e trabalho indígena no Baixo Amazonas em finais do século XVIII e início do XIX (1780-1810)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-19) MCDANIEL, Alice Maria Teixeira; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912
This dissertation aims to investigate the economic and strategic importance of the Baixo Amazonas, a region belonging to the State of Grão-Pará and Rio Negro, specifically in the Captaincy of Pará, through the analysis of the landowning elite and indigenous labor, between the years of 1780 and 1810. The research focuses on the formation of a colonial “elite” that emerged in the Lower Amazon from the mid-18th century, strengthened by the rise of Minister Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo and the Pombaline reforms. These reforms, along with the regulation of indigenous labor through the “Diretório dos Índios” (Indian Directorate), reconfigured policies regarding the use of indigenous labor, which had a significant impact on the collection of the “drogas do sertão” (hinterland drugs) and agriculture. Through the analysis of period documents, the dissertation seeks to highlight the participation of these two groups and their contribution to the economy of the “drogas do sertão” and to the agriculture of the Lower Amazon region at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries.
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Igarapé-Miri: a passagem da escravidão ao trabalho livre, numa região de engenhos (Grão-Pará: 1843-1888)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-16) NASCIMENTO, Sônia Viana do; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821
In Igarapé-Miri, throughout the nineteenth century, the presence of slave workers was significant and of great relevance to the activities of sugarcane cultivation and the production of aguardente / cachaça. The present dissertation analyzes the transition from slavery to free labor, emphasizing that the proximity or the end of slavery did not mean the exit of the slave laborers from the sugar mills of the region. From the use of various sources such as newspapers, post-mortem inventories, Igarapé-Miri municipal council balance, labor contracts, and others, demographic data we understand the importance of slavery in the place and the mechanisms used by the lords to ensure the hand Of work.
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O mundo do trabalho colonial e a construção da fortaleza de São José de Macapá (1760-1775)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-30) RAIOL JUNIOR, Leonardo; ARENZ, Karl Heinz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0770998951374481
In this study, we aim to analyze the world of labor in the colonial Amazon, focusing on the labor force employed in the construction of the fortification of Macapá, between 1760 and 1775. This place, strategically located between the Cabo do Norte region and the delta of the Amazon River, needed to be garrisoned from the second half of the 18th century onwards. During this period, the reforms enacted by the Portuguese Crown, at the instance of the royal secretary Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, were implemented in the Amazon valley. Among the various subjects involved in the works in Macapá, we focus on indigenous and African laborers, essential for the execution of the works. With a focus on everyday life and the working conditions of these men and women employed at the construction sites, our analysis starts with the History seen from below associated with Agnes Heller’s ideas of everyday life and Hannah Arendt’s conception of active life. As for the sources, we resorted to documents available at the Public Archive of the State of Pará and the Overseas Historical Archive (Resgate Project). Both collections fostered the understanding of the context of the object of study, through the survey and crossing of data, contained in the lines and between the lines of the papers. In the end, we find that the construction of the Fort of Macapá encompassed a wide network of villages, cities and hamlets, from where a large part of the workforce used in the construction sites came from. There, a complex network of social relationships was engendered through the multiple forms of coexistence and interaction of these subjects.
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Na “pátria das sublevações”: descontentamento e revoltas da gente de guerra no Rio Negro (1754-1777)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-26) SILVA, Leonardo Augusto Ramos; VIANA, Wania Alexandrino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3899154572393491; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7106-3995; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912
The present dissertation turns to the study of the process of militarization of rio Negro, in São José do Rio Negro’s captaincy during the reign of D. José I (1751-1777). It is therefore about the problems within the factors and manifestations of discontentment from soldiers (and sometimes for others praças) that composed the paid troops detached into trimmings along the river Negro. From 1754, the process of militarization of this river got notoriously, face to the occupation, defense e demarcation of borders between the State of Grão-Pará e Maranhão (later called Grão-Pará e Rio Negro) and the vice reign of Nova Granada. As a result of this geopolitical context, keep and provide military corps in areas of trimmings became necessary, and by the same time, a challenge to Portuguese Crown, implying significantly into daily activities of paid troops; on the other way the soldiers manifested their unsatisfaction with the crises happening at the time by means of riots; the articulation between these two aspects from the process of militarization of river Negro is an attempt to comprehend the multiples intersections between and the colonial amazonic society. It’s necessary to say that along with desertions and lootings, the revolt from “people of war” became one of the principals and more recurrent manifestation of dissatisfaction from “people of war” in the garrison of captaincy of Rio Negro in the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão (later to be called Grão-Pará and Rio Negro) and from the metropole.
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Nos sertões da Província do Grão-pará: escravidão, engenhos, engenhocas e atividades econômicas no oitocentos (1810-1850)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-30) MEDEIROS, Juliana do Nascimento; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821
The main objective of the research is to investigate the agroextractivist properties, especially the sites, the mills and contraptions, using black slavery as a background. As a result of this objective, the structure of ownership of captives will be analyzed, striving to unveil the universe of agricultural properties of which these subjects were fundamental elements. In view of this purpose, I will outline the profile of slaveholders, slaves and properties, revealing the activities carried out in their interiors that are peculiar beforehand, that is, typical of the northern region of this immense country. The research locus is the Amazonian rural world, here called sertão. The hinterland is understood to be the interior regions of the province that bordered the outskirts of Belém, highlighting the localities that made up the Guajarina Zone (Belém, Acará, Capim, Bujaru) and Baixo Tocantins (Cametá, Moju, Abaetetuba and Igarapé-Miri), as it is in these more traditional spaces that agricultural activities have been consolidated. Complex, heterogeneous and plural space. From the properties, it investigated the productive activities and the means by which they were produced, techniques, tools, labor. From the product of the mills and contraptions, the role of the production of sugarcane cachaça and brandy is emphasized; in parallel with activities related to provincial supply and the foreign market. Post-mortem inventories are used as the main source, as a complement to wills, travelers' reports, sources from the overseas historical archive and newspapers.
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Ocupação, colonização e relações de trabalho em Ourém do Grão-Pará (1751-1798)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-20) ALMEIDA, Rozemberg Ribeiro de; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
This dissertation analyzes the process of occupation, colonization and labor relations developed in the region of Ourém in the State of Grão-Pará between 1751 and 1798, here understood as the eastern frontier of Grão-Pará. Its territory was of fundamental importance for the political, economic and social relations developed between the captaincies of Grão-Pará and Maranhão. In order to achieve this pretension, we initially sought to understand the motivations that led to the founding of the town of Ourém, which, like so many others, was created from the policies developed by the Marquis of Pombal for the Amazon. As they were seeking to guarantee the possession of the lands of Portugal that for this purpose promoted the concession of Sesmarias, with that it aimed to populate their territory, given that in that period there was an intense dispute, mainly with Spain, by the lands of the Portuguese extreme north. In this context, the idea of territoriality understood as the actions of the subjects is fundamental, this notion is adequate to the measures adopted by Portugal from the second half of the eighteenth century, because they played a decisive role in promoting the settlement of the Grand- For. It is noteworthy that it was from these actions that the Amazonian territory was conceived. Based on this principle, the town of Ourém is the product of territoriality. In his region, several relations between different subjects were processed, by virtue of which, we conceived as a place of frontier, not in the sense of limit, but in the understanding of space of occupation and encounter, where black enslaved, Indians and whites made the most varied relations, based on work.
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Pelos campos, matas, ilhas, sertões, rios e baías: a espacialidade das povoações do Diretório dos Índios e as dinâmicas territoriais na capitania do Maranhão (1757-1774)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-13) SILVA, Felipe William dos Santos; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912
This dissertation focuses on discussing the spatial dynamics in the Captaincy of Maranhão through experiences of foundations of Indian Villages and Places which was a policy resulting from the Directorate, implemented in the Captaincy in 1757. The reuse of the ecclesiastical network for the implementation of new Colonial nuclei iniciated another moment in territorial organization in the trail of Villages and Places followed by both sides of the border of Maranhão Captaincy: to the West with the Turiaçu river and to the East with Parnaíba river. Thus, the perspective is advocated that Maranhão found an ambiguous position regarding its geographical situation between the years 1757 and 1774. At the same time as Maranhão belonged jurisdictionally to the Captaincy of Grão-Pará it also constituted a passage to Piauí, this representing a path to the State of Brazil through the backlands. Together with the islands, bays, backlands, forests and fields, which equally constituted territorial nodes, the Villages and Places constituted vectors of colonial expansion towards the backlands of Piauí, achieving connections not only with the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, but also with the State of Brazil. Therefore, the central hypothesis of this research consists of showing that the spatial logics, having the Villages and Places as irradiation poles resulted from the historical experiences lived in the daily routine of the nuclei themselves in which indigenous people, directors, military personnel and colonial administrators were engendered with territorial dynamics revealing a factor of conflict that allows diverse interests to be revealed.
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Planta-me no pó e não tenhas de mim dó: agricultura no Grão-Pará setecentista (1730- 1822)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-18) BARBOSA, Carlos Eduardo Costa; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140
The eighteenth century is an important moment for agriculture in Grão-Pará, through various documentary sources, we could highlight the process of occupation of the Tocantins river gutter, a region that could be understood as the first densely populated agricultural circle under the dominion of Belém, an influence observable by the territorial organization and the rearrangement of the family units in relatively autonomous structures of production and consumption, as part of the agrarian project, which was characterized by the introduction of new productive techniques, incorporation of new lands to agriculture followed by new genera and cultivation methods. The agrarian project reflected on the various subjects that made up the rural world of Paraense throughout the 7th Century, mainly in the Tocantins River valley region due to the proximity of Belém. In this region, we observe colonist migration, miscegenation, and the dispersal process as factors that contributed to generate families with endogenous preconditions to live and produce without difficulties in the Amazonian environment, reproducing only by the work of its members. In this sense, this dispersed population will seize the possible spaces and develop agro-extractive activities. What we need to understand clearly is that colonial agriculture balances within a diverse range of influences that determine its conditions and characteristics, as well as perceive the multiple composition of the rural world. In this sense, this paper seeks to emphasize the participation of this dispersed population, contributing to an understanding of the complexity of colonial society organization and dynamism in the region of the Tocantins River Valley.
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Por trás dos objetos históricos: a presença dos artífices indígenas nas oficinas do Colégio de Santo Alexandre (1703-1759)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-26) SILVA, Jessica Santos; GUZMÁN, Décio Marco Antônio de Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0656841754619406; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-4404
Inaugurated in 1719, the Church of Santo Alexandre, located in the historic part of Belém, is one of the most beautiful examples of missionary art made by the religious of the Society of Jesus in the Amazon. Founded by the sculptor brother João Xavier Traer, the sculpture workshop of the College of the same name was responsible for producing the pieces that adorn the church, with indigenous craftsmen as the main workforce. Among the carvings is that of the Chapel of St. Michael the Archangel. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the carved face in the Chapel of St. Michael the Archangel and find out who were the indigenous artisans who took part in the College's sculpture workshop and who were the possible authors of the chapel's altarpiece. During this production, in addition to labor, the indigenous craftsmen's knowledge of the products of the land (wood, resins and pigments) was used, as well as the usual tools used to make the pieces of their culture. However, even with the application of these materials and techniques, the pieces produced belong to the imagery of Catholicism, classifying them as a mestizo art, with knowledge from different cultures.
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Quando a aldeia se torna vila: o processo de secularização da Missão de Trocano no baixo rio Madeira (1730-1790)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-17) FONSECA, Marcela Gomes; ARENZ, Karl Heinz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0770998951374481
This dissertation aims to analyze the process of secularization of the missionary village of Trocano, located on the lower Madeira River, elevated to the category of Vila (township) under the name of Borba, the new, on January 1, 1756, by the enlightened and anti-Jesuit policy of the then Secretary for Inner Affairs of the Kingdom, Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, the future Marquis of Pombal. Considered the first missionary village in the backlands of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão to be elevated to the category of civil village by the Pombaline policy, Trocano was located in a strategic region. First, because it is on an internal frontier route between the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão and the Captaincy of Mato Grosso, and external one, between the Spanish and Portuguese domains in South America. And second, because it is on a hydrographic route to a hinterland promising in minerals, spices and indigenous labor. It is believed that the pioneer secularization of the village of Trocano, which was visites in person by the then Governor of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, brother of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, confirms the hypothesis here defended, that the missionary villages located in border regions were priorities in the implementation of the Pombal policy for the Amazon valley.
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Sesmarias, índios e conflitos de terra na expansão portuguesa no Vale do Parnaíba (Maranhão e Piauí, séculos XVII e XVIII)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-09) ROLAND, Samir Lola; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952
In the captaincies of Maranhão and of Piauí, in Portuguese America, there were the target of the expansion of the frontier of conquest and occupation of lusomaranhense and lusobaiana from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 18th century. This dissertation deals with this new territorial organization that occurred during the Portuguese expansion in the region. The research tries to analyze how the space of the captaincies of Maranhão and Piauí is represented in the course of the process of conquest and occupation of the region. The dissertation discusses how the authorities and residents perceived the space that was being disputed with the various indigenous groups. Another discussion carried out by the dissertation deals with the land conflicts between sesmeiros and squatters during the distribution of letters of sesmarias by the governors of the State of Maranhão, as well as the actions and decisions of the Portuguese Crown with respect to the planning of the occupation and the settlement in the period listed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vida e morte escrava: um estudo sobre a mortalidade cativa na Belém oitocentista (1850-1859)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-13) SILVA, Mayara Cristine Mendonça da; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821
The study of health and disease is of great importance to the history of humanity, as it is closely linked to the social, economic, political, cultural and even religious context, with meanings that go beyond their biological characteristics. This study aims to analyze captive mortality in nineteenth-century Belém, based on a survey of the main causes of this mortality in the enslaved population between 1850 and 1859, a period when three epidemics occurred in the province of Pará. The aim is to identify mortality patterns among free and slave slaves, analyze the daily health of these slaves, the spread of certain diseases that ravaged the province, the reasons for their greater exposure to these diseases, and determine whether there was any public policy or initiative on the part of the masters to treat their illnesses, given that slaves constituted the main labor force. The sources used will be the burial records of the Nossa Senhora da Soledade Cemetery, reports and speeches by the presidents of the province of Pará, the work Epidemias no Pará by Arthur Vianna, the collection of laws from the period and newspaper advertisements.

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