Dissertações em Oceanografia (Mestrado) - PPGOC/IG

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/16440

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Análise de intrusão salina e qualidade de água em aquífero costeiro na Vila de Algodoal (Ilha de Maiandeua, Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-22) PEREIRA, Lucas Yan de Oliveira; KAWAKAMI, Silvia Keiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5306256489815710; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-7976; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
The increasing urbanization of coastal areas increases the demand for water resources and consequently leads to intensive exploitation of groundwater and anthropogenic impacts that result in groundwater quality degradation. The objective of this research was to assess potential saline intrusion and groundwater contamination in a marine protected area of sustainable use, Algodoal Village (Maiandeua, PA). For the first stage of the research, the quality of groundwater used for human consumption was evaluated based on current regulations (CONAMA Resolution 396/2008; Ministry of Health Ordinance 888/2021). Groundwater characterization was carried out using well water collected during rainy and less rainy periods (between 2021 and 2023), with in-situ physicochemical, microbiological, and major ion parameter analyses by chromatography. Topographic measurements and water table level measurements were also conducted. For the second stage, the results of a socio-environmental questionnaire applied to village residents were analyzed to ascertain their perception of water quality-related issues. Samples from the coastal aquifer presented average electrical conductivity (EC) values of 453 ± 1 µS/cm and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 225.8 ± 1 mg/L. The Cl⁻ ion showed an average concentration of 60 ± mg/L, with several wells exceeding the acceptable potability limit. Significant differences were observed for data collected in the first rainy period (March 2022), where EC averaged 290 µS/cm and TDS was 145 mg/L. The relationship between redox potential, ranging from 0.14 to 0.54 mV, and pH, ranging from 3.2 to 6.7, indicated a tendency toward a reducing acidic environment, typical of a subterranean transitional environment. All analyzed wells were contaminated with total and thermotolerant coliforms. Out of the 34 administered questionnaires, 52% indicated perception of some water quality problem, such as brackish water, for example. Poor water quality is locally associated with the process of saline intrusion and bacterial contamination due to proximity to septic tanks. The shallow depth of the wells (average of 12 m) exacerbates the poor groundwater quality in the village. It is concluded that the aquifer water is not recommended for human consumption, and saline intrusion occurs throughout the year, being more intense in the dry period.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bacias hidrográficas urbanas : aspectos socioambientais da bacia do Tucunduba, Amazônia, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-15) FIGUEIREDO, Camila de Magalhães e Souza; SOUSA-FELIX, Rosigleyse Corrêa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1452935151806378; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3769-0792
The Tucunduba Hydrographic Basin (THB) is the second largest basin in the city of Belém, in Pará. It drains four districts of Belém: Marco, Canudos, Terra Firme and Guamá. It is one of the most densely populated areas in the city, with a population of approximately 200,000 inhabitants. This work aims to analyze the socio-environmental conditions of the Tucunduba Basin, based on the macro-environmental elements needed to understand the dynamics of use throughout the basin. The methodological approaches of the research included the application of a questionnaire to the residents of the THB, a calculation based on the local Urban Quality of Life Index (UQLI), a calculation of the Simplified Environmental Impact Index, an estimate of the per capita sewage discharge of the neighborhoods belonging to the THB and an Environmental Impact Assessment of the physical, biotic and anthropic environments in the 3 sections of the macrodrainage project. Based on the results obtained, the IQVU in the Tucunduba Basin is approximately 0.6, i.e. regular. In addition, the results generated through the simplified environmental impact assessment show that the stretches analyzed have considerable environmental impacts (either high or very high). This demonstrates the precariousness of the services offered to the population and highlights the fragility of local urban management. There is therefore an urgent need for integrated management strategies, the evaluation and monitoring of space, and the provision of services that guarantee a good quality of life and the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização morfossedimentar da Praia do Caripi (Barcarena/PA) antes e após a construção da nova orla
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-29) SOUSA, Bianca Abraham de Assis; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Compreendendo as percepções sobre os potenciais impactos das mudanças climáticas em comunidades costeiras: um estudo de caso na área marinha protegida de Soure, costa amazônica brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-24) WANDSCHEER, Jéssica Yamila Leiva; ROSÁRIO, Renan Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8003860457518342; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0514
The study explores the perceptions of RESEX Soure communities regarding climate change, examining the complex relationships between these coastal communities and environmental changes. The research employed a structured questionnaire administered to 288 participants, representing 20% of the registered beneficiaries of the unit (Icmbio, 2018). The data collected included quantitative and qualitative insights on awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation to climate change. The results reveal that 95.14% of respondents have a monthly income of up to one minimum wage (R$ 1,100 in 2021), reflecting the community's economic vulnerability. Regarding education, 61.46% have completed primary school, while only 2.08% have tertiary education. Most participants (58%) were born and continue to reside in the RESEX, relying heavily on extractive activities such as fishing, shellfish collection, and crab harvesting. Respondents reported noticeable environmental changes, including rising temperatures (73%), shifts in rainfall patterns (68%), and biodiversity loss (65%). These changes directly impact livelihoods, particularly fishing, which was identified as the main economic activity by 70% of participants. Additionally, 85% highlighted the importance of public policies and educational programs focused on mitigating climate impacts as critical to community adaptation efforts. While focused on RESEX Soure, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating local knowledge into broader climate adaptation strategies. The findings underscore the need for participatory approaches, scientifically informed and tailored to local realities, to ensure the effectiveness of public policies and enhance the resilience of coastal communities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Geoindicadores de vulnerabilidade à erosão em praias estuarinas, costa amazônica, Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-19) NOVAES, Gabriela de Oliveira; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
The coastal zone (CZ) is a region responsible for various ecological functions, and also object of concern due to its uses and anthropic pressures, which affect its balance and environmental integrity. The beach is one of the most important environments in CZ, due to its intense use by the human population, having ecological function for many organisms and being a natural protection against physical forcers (waves, tides and chains). The anthropogenic occupation on a particular beach can aggravate coastal erosion (natural process of the morphological amendment of the environment, due to the interaction with physical agents). This occurs on the island of Mosqueiro, object of study of this work, where erosive processes have been intensified in recent decades, combined with urbanization. Observing this problem, the present research aims to analyze vulnerability to erosion on the Amazonian estuarine beaches of the Mosqueiro Island, well as evaluating the degree of coastal risk to which they are exposed. Using geoindicators, index and classification of local vulnerability were obtained. Being the index composed of coastal variables: morphology and granulometry of the beach, sedimentary swing, variation of the coast line, cliffs, natural barriers; and continental variables: land elevation, vegetation, coastal engineering structures, percentage of occupation and soil permeability. Then it was carried out: (a) collection of topographic data and sealing samples on 16 beaches; (b) observational analysis with Checklist of geoindicators of coastal erosion in loco and through satellite images; c) treatment of data collected in the field and by remote sensing; d) Use of the coastal vulnerability index to evaluate erosion on the beaches; and, e) identification of risk degree in these beaches. The results demonstrate that 8 of the 16 analyzed beaches are classified with high vulnerability (IVC: 5,0-7,4) and accentuated coastal risk, and that the presence of active cliffs, wall of arrimation and high occupation next the beaches stood out as favoring ones for this result. The data indicated high human occupation (> 70% on most beaches), since several forms of land use are frequent on the island, whether for homes or establishments (shops, restaurants, inns), which raises local risk for the occurrence of damage caused by erosion. In general, the adapted method of this study for Amazonian estuarine beaches, proved to be an interesting tool to be used in urban planning and to minimize future impacts of coastal erosion. It provides information that can aid in decision-making focused on coastal management and choosing which mitigatory measures can be carried out. Thus, the importance of this analysis and continuous coastal monitoring is reinforced through the use of geoindicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metais e seus efeitos em baixos níveis de organização biológica: uma análise ecotoxicológica em distintos compartimentos ambientais de igarapés no município de Barcarena/PA.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-30) NASCIMENTO, Clayciane Santos do; AMADO, Lílian Lund; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3382900147208081; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-8191
Metals are included among the contaminants that influence the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems, which requires studies aimed at evaluating both the concentrations of these elements and possible toxicity effects on aquatic organisms due to bioavailability. In this context, biomonitoring studies, especially involving ecotoxicological variables, related to responses, at a low level of biological organization are useful to assess environmental quality. The present ecotoxicological study includes three approaches: (1) analysis of the concentration of metals in Al, Cr, Pb, Ba, Ni and Mn in abiotic elements (water and stream sediment); (2) biotic compartments (fish - Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus; crab - Trichodactylus borellianus and vegetable a plant species Family Marantaceae), in addition to the (3) assessment of primary adverse effects through the use of exposure and effect biomarkers. The collections were carried out in the area of the hydrographic network that influences the Murucupi Basin, in the communities Bom Futuro, Vila Nova and in the district of Vila do Conde and were carried out in three climatic periods, namely: Dry (Campaign 1: Nov/2018), Rainy (Campaign 2: Mar/2019) and Transition period (Campaign 3: Jun/2019). The collection points were determined in order to contemplate a gradient of influence from the company's activity and from other types of activity that take place in the region. The points were dispersed as follows: Potential direct impact (PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4 and PM5); Potential indirect impact: (PC2, PC3 and PC5); and Control points: (PC1, PC6, PC7, PC8 and PC9). The species were collected in different streams that are located in a region with a history of bauxite processing activity (Barcarena, PA), in addition to the direct anthropogenic influence of the city. The collections were carried out in the area of the hydrographic network that influences the Murucupi Basin, in the communities Bom Futuro, Vila Nova and in the district of Vila do Conde and were carried out in three climatic periods, namely: Dry (Campaign 1: Nov/2018), Rainy (Campaign 2: Mar/2019) and Transition period (Campaign 3: Jun/2019). The collection points were determined in order to contemplate a gradient of influence multiple anthropogenic influences. The points were dispersed as follows: Potential direct impact (PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4 and PM5); Potential indirect impact: (PC2, PC3 and PC5); and Control points: (PC1, PC6, PC7, PC8 and PC9). In general, in the sediment of the streams, the analysis of metals presented a distribution within the same range in terms of measured concentrations, without significant differences between sampled points and between sampling periods. For the in-water analyses, during the three periods there was a distribution within the ranges according to the terms of measurements. There was no significant increase or decrease for the elements studied, among the metals analyzed, only Al (total fraction) is not mentioned in CONAMA Resolution No 357/2005. All others are below the acceptable limit established by the environmental protection agency. The only metal that showed an increase in concentration between campaigns in the total fraction of water was Ba. Al was the most abundant metal with concentrations that did not differ between periods. For organisms, fish collected showed higher concentrations of Al and Ba in the rainy season compared to fish of the same species collected in the dry season. The metals Al and Mn did not show differences between points in the same period. Pb was recorded in higher concentrations during the dry season. Plants also did not show significant differences neither between points nor between periods for any of the metals, however, they showed a tendency to increase the accumulation of Pb, Mn and Ba during the transition period. As for the evaluation of biological responses using exposure and effect biomarkers, in crabs there was induction of antioxidant defenses in the gills of organisms from point PC1 during the rainy season. The fish H. heterorhabdus showed greater antioxidant capacity for organisms from PC07 during this period. It is concluded that there is a well-marked and seasonal pattern of metals in different environmental compartments that are followed by biomarkers, reflecting changes related to local geology and physiology of organisms. The main metals found in the abiotic (water - total and dissolved fraction and sediment) and biotic (fish, invertebrates and plant) compartments showed a strong relationship with the local geological formation, with Al, Ba and Mn being the most representative. Being, the Al the most concentrated. Therefore, based on the results described here, studies are needed to establish environmental baselines that take into account local chemical and physical characteristics and the level of sensitivity / tolerance of resident organisms. These studies will lay the groundwork for establishing applicable legal restrictions that are compatible with local environmental realities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Morfodinâmica de praias estuarinas da vila de Jubim (ilha do Marajó-Pa)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-25) RODRIGUES, Mayara de Souza; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
The Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone (states of Amapá, Pará and Maranhão) has environmental characteristics such as a humid tropical climate (high temperatures, low thermal and rainfall variation) and important oceanographic conditions (hyper to mesotidal), in addition to extensive mangroves and sandy beaches, including estuarine beaches. These are vulnerable to seasonal changes in river discharge, in addition to current climate change, the consequent rise in sea level and the resulting coastal erosion, which causes negative consequences for the goods and services originating from this coastal ecosystem. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in the morphology and sediment dynamics of the estuarine beaches of Jubim and adjacent areas, during a complete seasonal cycle (March 2023 to March 2024). Jubim is a district located in the municipality of Salvaterra, State of Pará, on the east bank of Marajó Island, under oceanographic conditions of the Pará River estuary. Data collection was carried out on four specific beaches, namely: Salazar Beach, Meninas Beach, Baleia Beach and Curuanã Beach. To characterize the morphodynamic state of the beaches, the slope (β) and relative tidal variation (RTR) parameters, derived from the treatment of physical and topographic data (beach profiles), were used as reference. For granulometric analysis, surface sediment samples were subjected to dry sieving in order to obtain the average size, grain selection and sedimentary balance of the beaches. The results showed that the beaches of the village of Jubim have sedimentation ranging from medium to fine sand 1 ɸ and 2 ɸ, with moderately well-sorted grains. The beaches presented quite varied morphometric parameters: topographic elevation from 5.6 m to 2.7 m, and beach width ranging from 79 m to 550 m, thus classifying them into dissipative to intermediate morphodynamic stages (beach slope from 0.2° to 2.6°), with tidal dominance (RTR = 44). The seasonal sedimentary variation was both positive and negative, indicating that the variability index alternate along the beaches and climatic seasons, showing both erosive and depositional tendencies. Erosive processes were observed mainly in the rainy season and greater sedimentary deposition in the dry season. The morphological behavior of the beaches studied on the eastern shore of Marajó Island is directly influenced by estuarine hydrodynamics, where the distinct sedimentary changes are due to the interation that hidrodynamics with the differentiated geology along the coast, and the respective material that constitutes the substrate of the beaches and backwaters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ninhos azuis: o primeiro registro do uso de resíduos plásticos na nidificação de aves na Costa Amazônica, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-21) LOPES, Adrielle Caroline; MARTINELLI FILHO, José Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2080628833884538
While extensive research has been conducted on the effects of plastic on marine ecosystems, a gap exists in studies related to terrestrial biota. Research indicates that certain terrestrial animal taxa, such as birds, may be more prone to incorporating plastic debris into their habitats. This study focused on the interaction between Psarocolius decumanus, a common bird species in the Amazon region, and plastic use during nesting. Non-invasive techniques were employed to minimize the impact on nests and bird life. Fallen and abandoned nests were collected, while active nests were photographed and recorded with GPS for comparison between different collection areas. In the laboratory, the nests were analyzed, weighed, and measured for a detailed analysis of plastic waste. The analysis revealed significant differences in plastic width and mass in nests between collection sites. The results also revealed a widespread presence of plastic in the nests: 24 out of 36 presented plastics in their composition, with the highest proportion found in the mangrove area. All mangrove nests contained plastic, with a proportion between 15.4 and 97.9% of dry weight. In the clearing near Farol beach, only six of the 17 nests contained plastic, with a much lower proportion relative to the dry weight of each nest (0 to 0.2%). On fishing village, 90% of the nests presented plastics, with a proportion ranging from 1.4 to 95.5%. Plastic fibers and cords were the most common materials. The predominant color was blue, suggesting a possible preference for this color by the bird or reflecting the prevalence of certain types of plastics in the region. The analyses revealed variations in the incidence of plastic in different areas, indicating an influence of the availability of debris in the surrounding environment. The presence of plastic in nests can have adverse consequences for birds and their young, including impacts on feeding, reproduction, and mortality. The study also monitored nest activity, revealing patterns in the number of active nests in each location. This highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of the presence of debris in nests as a potential bioindicator of environmental pollution levels. This pioneering study provides unprecedented data on pollution patterns and the environmental impacts associated with the presence of plastic debris in the nests of terrestrial birds in the Amazon rainforest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Percepções sobre mudanças climáticas: estudo de caso na Reserva Extrativista Marinha Mocapajuba, zona costeira Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-28) SILVA, Michelly da Silva; SOUSA, Rosigleyse Corrêa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1452935151806378; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-3769-0792; RENAN, Renan Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8003860457518342; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0514
Climate change refers to alterations in Earth's climate that may occur over years, decades, or millennia, resulting from both natural climate variability and human activities. These changes have negative impacts on people's lives, especially in vulnerable communities, and may lead to an increase in the number of "climate refugees" in the future. The Resex-Mar Mocapajuba, located in São Caetano de Odivelas, Pará, is an area of great importance for biodiversity, encompassing diverse ecosystems such as mangroves, restingas (sandy coastal plains), dunes, rivers, estuaries, and islands. This region is home to traditional extractive communities whose subsistence depends directly on natural resources. The study analyzed the perceptions of the traditional population benefiting from Resex-Mar Mocapajuba regarding climate change. A questionnaire was applied in 2021, with the participation of 291 individuals with direct or indirect connections to fishing. Using content analysis, the questionnaire responses were categorized into four types of extractive activities: agriculture, crab harvesting, shellfish extraction, and fishing. The most practiced extractive activity is crab harvesting (40.21%), cited as the primary income source by 44.63% of respondents, with women being the majority. About 73.88% of extractive workers believe that climate change is occurring in the region, with this perception being particularly high among fishermen (78.35%) and crab harvesters (76.07%). The respondents demonstrated a complex understanding of climate change, with a clear focus on perceived impacts such as changes in air temperature, rainfall, and seasonality. Additionally, they recognized the influence of human actions in intensifying climate change.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Petrechos de pesca como resíduo praial em uma área de proteção ambiental na costa paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) SILVA, Elaine Simone da Cruz Silva; LOUREIRO, Sarita Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1473112723704086; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
Abandoned, Lost or otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) during fishing activities represent a global problem. This equipment corresponds to at least 640,000 tons of waste that accumulates annually in the oceans and causes impacts on aquatic fauna such as entanglement, ingestion, injuries, ghost fishing and can also act as vectors of chemical substances. This is the first quantification of ALDFG on beaches in Northern Brazil. The study was carried out on beaches on Algodoal Island, which is an Environmental Protection Area (APA), with the aim of evaluating whether there is spatial and temporal variation in ALDFG on different beaches (Caixa d´água, Farol, Princesa and Cação), considering their different environmental characteristics, and check whether there is the occurrence of organisms associated with ALDFG. The ALDFG were collected in the rainy and dry seasons (2022), in quadrants of 100m² in 30 transects containing three points: high tide line, intermediate and low tide line. The density of ALDFG and an Environmental Impact Factor (FIA) were calculated, considering the type of ALDFG, its mass and the environment where it was found. In total, 459 ALDFG items were collected (248 in the dry season and 211 in the rainy season), totaling 13.14 kg, among which the main ones were fragments, electrical cables, ropes and fishing nets, with emphasis on the nylon type material and blue color. Overall, the beaches had an average density of 0.023 items/m² and 0.755 g/m² in the rainy season and 0.028 items/m² and 0.704 g/m² in the dry season, with a low environmental impact (FIA between 0-1). But points with high impacts were also observed (FIA = 10 and FIA = 9), in points with the presence of rocky outcrops and vegetation, respectively. On Caixa d'água beach there is the presence of juvenile mangroves in the intertidal environment and rocky outcrops, as well as, it is located close to the port for fishing vessels, therefore, it was the beach that presented the largest quantity of ALDFG (274 items), the highest mass (6.35 kg), the highest density (2.74 items/m² and 63.52 g/m²), and consequently the highest Environmental Impact Factor (FIA = 10). Furthermore, associated with the ALDFG, 1,543 organisms were recorded (1,380 in the rainy season and 163 in the dry season) belonging to the following groups, barnacles, bivalves, paguros, crabs, isopods, polychaetes, gastropods, anemones and sea fleas, the majority of which were found associated with ropes and polystyrene buoys. Fishing is a recognized source of ALDFG and the presence of these residues in an APA can cause several impacts to this ecosystem..
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Petrechos de pesca como resíduo praial em uma área de proteção ambiental na costa paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) SILVA, Elaine Simone da Cruz Silva; LOREIRO, Sarita Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1473112723704086; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
Abandoned, Lost or otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) during fishing activities represent a global problem. This equipment corresponds to at least 640,000 tons of waste that accumulates annually in the oceans and causes impacts on aquatic fauna such as entanglement, ingestion, injuries, ghost fishing and can also act as vectors of chemical substances. This is the first quantification of ALDFG on beaches in Northern Brazil. The study was carried out on beaches on Algodoal Island, which is an Environmental Protection Area (APA), with the aim of evaluating whether there is spatial and temporal variation in ALDFG on different beaches (Caixa d´água, Farol, Princesa and Cação), considering their different environmental characteristics, and check whether there is the occurrence of organisms associated with ALDFG. The ALDFG were collected in the rainy and dry seasons (2022), in quadrants of 100m² in 30 transects containing three points: high tide line, intermediate and low tide line. The density of ALDFG and an Environmental Impact Factor (FIA) were calculated, considering the type of ALDFG, its mass and the environment where it was found. In total, 459 ALDFG items were collected (248 in the dry season and 211 in the rainy season), totaling 13.14 kg, among which the main ones were fragments, electrical cables, ropes and fishing nets, with emphasis on the nylon type material and blue color. Overall, the beaches had an average density of 0.023 items/m² and 0.755 g/m² in the rainy season and 0.028 items/m² and 0.704 g/m² in the dry season, with a low environmental impact (FIA between 0-1). But points with high impacts were also observed (FIA = 10 and FIA = 9), in points with the presence of rocky outcrops and vegetation, respectively. On Caixa d'água beach there is the presence of juvenile mangroves in the intertidal environment and rocky outcrops, as well as, it is located close to the port for fishing vessels, therefore, it was the beach that presented the largest quantity of ALDFG (274 items), the highest mass (6.35 kg), the highest density (2.74 items/m² and 63.52 g/m²), and consequently the highest Environmental Impact Factor (FIA = 10). Furthermore, associated with the ALDFG, 1,543 organisms were recorded (1,380 in the rainy season and 163 in the dry season) belonging to the following groups, barnacles, bivalves, paguros, crabs, isopods, polychaetes, gastropods, anemones and sea fleas, the majority of which were found associated with ropes and polystyrene buoys. Fishing is a recognized source of ALDFG and the presence of these residues in an APA can cause several impacts to this ecosystem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Transporte de resíduos sólidos flutuantes em rios urbanos dominados por maré na região Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-07) ROSA, Gabriel Pompeu; MONTEIRO, Sury de Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4309806566068586; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449-7043
The rivers that cut through metropolises are considered important ways for the waste generated on the continents to be transported to the oceans. Estimates of waste flows in rivers in the Amazon coastal zone remain uncertain due to the influence of hydrodynamic processes (tide, currents and flow), and above all, the lack of data on the type and amount of solid waste floating in the rivers. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to quantify and estimate the fluctuating waste fluxes at different time scales in tidaldominated rivers of the Amazonian coastal zone. Visual quantification took place over 12 hours (6 to 6 pm) in the flood and ebb tide stages, in the dry and rainy periods, in the rivers Acará, Guamá, Guajará, Tucunduba and Tamandaré. The estimate of waste transport in different tidal stages and seasonal periods was calculated considering the amount of waste in a time interval (hour, month and year). A total of 19,654 solid waste was quantified in the rivers studied, 71% of which was plastic materials. The residues from the rivers that cut through Belém (Tucunduba and Tamandaré) are exported to the rivers that surround the capital, while in these rivers, the residues present a bidirectional flow, suggesting imprisonment reflecting the influence of hydrodynamic processes (tidal current and flow). This study presents the first estimate of transport in rivers on the coast of Pará based on real observations, indicating an estimate of annual transport that varies between 3 and 549 tons/year.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vulnerabilidade costeira em uma comunidade tradicional amazônica: estudo de caso na vila de Jubim, Salvaterra - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-16) FIGUEIREDO, Fabrício de Sousa; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
Coastal vulnerability is a topic of great relevance on a global scale due to current climate issues and rising ocean levels. Understanding the degree of coastal vulnerability is essential to prevent socioeconomic and environmental losses, such as those resulting from erosive processes. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the conditions of vulnerability to coastal erosion in a traditional community on Marajó Island: Jubim, located in the municipality of Salvaterra, state of Pará. To achieve this objective, a Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) was used, considering two projections of sea-level rise proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): one with a rise of 4 mm/year and the other with 15 mm/year until 2100. To identify coastal vulnerability under the two sea-level rise scenarios, they were associated with geomorphological and physical characteristics along the estuarine coast of Jubim. Oceanographic variables (tidal range, significant wave height, and sea-level variation) and geological variables (coastal geomorphology, beach slope, and shoreline erosion/accretion rate) were analyzed and classified, with vulnerability indices ranging from very low to very high. The determination of the shoreline erosion/accretion rate was carried out through multispectral and multitemporal analysis (33 years) using Landsat satellite images and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool. The spatialization and integration of the data, based on the CVI, were performed using Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The study area was segmented into three sectors: North (Salazar Beach), Central (Meninas Beach), and South (Baleia and Curuanã Beaches). Between 1990 and 2023, the average linear retreat recorded for the entire study area was -35.24 m (NSM), while the average linear advance was 15.10 m (NSM), highlighting the predominance of coastal erosion. The North sector, with the lowest topographic gradient, showed a maximum retreat of 170 meters and an average retreat of 1.99 m/year (EPR), revealing the retreat of mangrove vegetation and the overlapping of Salazar Beach over this ecosystem. The CVI revealed that, under both sea-level rise projections, Jubim's coastline tends to present moderate to high vulnerability (30.3% and 27.3%) in areas with cliffs and extensive sandy stretches, respectively. The map developed based on the CVI proved to be a useful tool to support coastal management on the Amazonian coast and decision-making in the face of advancing erosion caused by estuarine hydrodynamics, associated with rising sea levels.

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