Dissertações em Agriculturas Amazônicas (Mestrado) - PPGAA/INEAF

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2307

O Mestrado em Agriculturas Amazônicas teve início em 1996 anteriormente Curso de Mestrado em Agriculturas Familiares e Desenvolvimento Sustentável e reconhecido em 2000 pela CAPES e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agriculturas Amazônicas (PPGAA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). É um curso interinstitucional, sendo sua oferta responsabilidade do Instituto Amazônico de Agriculturas Familiares - INEAF da UFPA e da EMBRAPA/CPATU – Amazônia Oriental.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 2 de 2

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da sustentabilidade na produção familiar no Sudeste Paraense: o caso dos produtores de leite do Município de Rio Maria
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-06-18) FEITOSA, Terezinha Cavalcante; HOMMA, Alfredo Kingo Oyama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1026511676619526
This study analyzes the sustainability of milk production in smallholder areas subjected to the process of fast degradation of pastures established in upland areas (terra firme) in the border of the Brazilian Amazonia. The research was carried out in the Municipality of Rio Maria, Southeast of the State of Pará, one of the Municipalities internationally recognised for its high degree of land conflicts. Fifty-five smallholders in the Settlement Projects of Itaipavas 126, Barra Mansa, Mata Azul, Fazenda São Roque and Vale da Serra, who are sustained by cattle milk production, were interviewed during the months of July and August of 2002. The choice of the properties was intentional, and it was composed by the identification of the income from the cattle raising activities (sale of milk and heifers), as well as an analysis of the techniques used by the smallholders for pasture and livestock management, aiming the sustainability of the productive unit.That analysis allowed to identify, through the socioeconomic indicators, that, although cattle ranching is considered a low risk activity, economically viable for the Amazon region, among the smallholders it becomes an unsustainable activity, because the process of pasture degradation starts within three to five years of pasture establishment, without, however, allowing the production units to save economic resources for pastures reclamation.The sustainable income of livestock milk production activity, being very low relative to the income obtained soon after the initial phase of the activity, does not stimulate the adoption of more sustainable practices. The declining tendency of pasture productivity, with small short term increases, caused by pasture burning and weed control, has been compensated by the incorporation of new areas of pasture. The exhaustion of forest stocks leads to the collapse of the activity in spite of the existing market for meat and milk, when degraded pastures are not reclaimed. Considering an annual rate of pasture depreciation of 10% and an annual interest rate of 15%, farmers would have to invest at least 40% of their net profit to guarantee the pasture sustainability at a ten-year period. It was observed that the livestock milk production activities conducted by smallholders is causing a continuous drainage of the natural resources, without the due compensation in the sale price of those products (milk and beef). It is expected that these results can contribute to define public policies, with concrete measures for the smallholders involved in milk production in the sense of guaranteeing the reclamation of degraded pastures, because these smallholders are responsible for a great part of the ecological disbalance of the ecosystem in the Southeast of Pará State. Among the resource-poor cattle farmers there is no financing need for continuous acquisition of cattle, because all the farmers already possess livestock above the holding capacity of their pastures. In that case, it would be necessary instructing the farmers aiming the proper management of the herd and pasture and the creation of financing programs, aiming the recovery of degraded pasture areas. Among the farmers studied does not exist a conservation view, but rather, an anxiety to increase the herd size and pasture areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise econômica da “produção invisível” nos estabelecimentos agrícolas familiares no Projeto de Assentamento Agroextrativista Praialta e Piranheira, Município de Nova Ipixuna, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-05-29) MENEZES, Antonio José Elias Amorim de; HOMMA, Alfredo Kingo Oyama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1026511676619526
This work discusses the importance of invisible production in the composition of total income of small farmers at the agricultural frontier in the Amazon, marked strongly by agrarian conflicts, as is the case of southeast Pará State. The data used in this study were obtained from field research undertaken with 78 small farmers of the Praialta and Piranheira Agroextractivist Settlement Project, Nova Ipixuna municipality, Pará, in 2001. The general objective of this work was to know in what form the invisible production contributes to composition of family income and to the reproduction strategy of small farm agriculture in the southeast of Pará State. The choice of farmers interviewed was intentional, so that it enabled the identification of agricultural income, as well as in the characterization of the production systems developed by these small farmers. This procedure allowed the elaboration of a typology of the production systems starting from some social, economic and agronomic indicators. The results of this research proved a strong participation of invisible production in the group of the activities of the family agriculture. Products with defined markets, have a part of the production retained for family consumption, non-markets products are directed exclusively to own consumption and, an important component, refers to the sale of family labour, essential in their survival strategy. An immediate conclusion is that the agricultural and extractive production is very superior to that being estimated or unknown in the official statistics. Knowledge of the participation of invisible production becomes important for the policymakers, first due to the under estimation of official statistical data, as much for the amount as for the non-inclusion of various products, produced or collected, in family agriculture, on or off the property. This way, it can be verified that the small farmers of the Praialta and Piranheira Agroextractivist Settlement Project possess an equivalent total income to 1,48 minimum wage/ month. It is interesting to highlight that the contribution of invisible production to family income reaches 0,28 minimum wage/month that represents 18,77%, of the total estimated income. The drainage of the autonomous non-agricultural income, from government welfare pensions, represents 10,55% of the farmers' monetary income, constituting an important factor of the local communities' sustainability. It is expected that these results are important to define public policies to increase the sustainability of frontier family agriculture estimated as more than 600 thousand family units in the Amazon, responsible for the largest portion of the chronic deforestation and burning.

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