Dissertações em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (Mestrado) - PPGAU/ITEC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4463

O Mestrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo está inserido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo (PPGAU), da Universidade Federal do Pará. É um curso ministrado sobre a responsabilidade do Instituto de Tecnologia (ITEC) da UFPA.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do desempenho energético de edificações: aplicação analítica do RTQ-C no Edifício do Ceamazon
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-27) OLIVEIRA, Bruno Gabriel Freitas; FRANCO, Irving Montanar; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4254203203850909
One major barrier to economic development is the growing global demand for energy and the consequent increase in the use of natural resources to provide it. Developing countries such as Brazil, showed progressive energy consumption per capita in recent years. Although the majority is from hydroelectric plants (non-polluting sources) its construction causes great environmental impact. Percentage of all energy generated, buildings are responsible for the consumption of approximately 40 % and this percentage is likely to increase by the growth of the construction industry in the country. Regarding the problem, the fight against waste, streamlining and sustainable use of energy consumed by buildings are directly linked to the reduction of environmental impact, delaying the need for increased national energy matrix. In this context is created the Technical Regulation of Quality Level Energy Efficiency Commercial Buildings, and Public Service (RTQ - C). This work consists of a critical application of the RTQ - C using a prescriptive methodology, with the focus aspects of their applicability and evaluation of thermal comfort and luminal, with the premise that the high energy performance of the building is fully achieved only when conditions are guaranteed satisfactory environmental comfort to users. Therefore it was necessary to step thorough data collection and measurements "in situ" of air temperature, radiant temperature, illuminance and relative humidity in two rooms (laboratory of comfort and classroom 2) building the Center of Excellence in Efficiency energy from Amazon - CEAMAZON subsidizing the use of the methodology proposed by Fanger (PMV and PPD), and verification of illuminance levels proposed by NBR 5413. As a result the building showed good performance, but the lack of compliance prerequisites rated with "C" level. A comfort evaluation indicated that approximately 23% of users have had on thermal comfort and the natural ventilation can be used as a strategy to climatic adaptation. Illuminance measurements indicated that only the classroom 2 possessed potential use of natural lighting during the measurement. It was concluded that, despite its importance, the RTQ - C must still pass through a process of adaptation by society and professionals involved in the energy certification of buildings and that during this period changes may be incorporated contributing to make it a effectively valid instrument for ensuring the energy efficiency of buildings in the country.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A arquitetura sem linhas do edifício Banna (Belém-Pa): a escrita do habitar a partir das ambiências
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-11) RODRIGUES, Rebeca Barbosa Dias; VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza Pont; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-3844
The Banna apartment building (1978) is an exemplary of modern residential architecture in Belém-PA, designed by Engineer-Architect Alcyr Meira. The first part of this dissertation contextualized Banna in the historiography of modern architecture in Belém, within the process of the city’s verticalization as well as emphasizing the building’s unique periodization. It was observed that in its shapes and processes, Banna has responded to the classic precepts of modern architecture of proposing a rationalized, impersonal and inert space. However, the second part of this work asserts, through connections with fields such as phenomenology, that Banna could also be approached from the subjective experience of its spaces. Therefore, the poetics of dwelling in Banna apartments are the focus of this text. Hence, the concept of “ambiances” was summoned as an all-encompassing notion of reciprocal relationship between the objective dimension of space (tangible aspects) and the subjective dimension (intangible aspects). These ambiances helped in the construction of “Lineless Architecture (LA)”, an experiential approach which envisions the essential signifying relationships concerning space. Insofar as not being limited to the geometric outlines of architecture, LA proposes a representation of space in words, which resulted in “text-architectures”, a kind of poetic writing woven from the ambiances of dwell in Banna.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação através do desempenho térmico de edificação verticalizada em Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-01) VINAGRE, Natália Daniele de Lima; PERDIGÃO, Ana Kláudia de Almeida Viana; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
This dissertation studies the thermal performance of materials in a vertical facade building in the city of Belém - PA, Brazil. This work aims to contribute to the study of the thermal performance and efficiency of materials used in residential buildings of the vertical envelopment, between opaque elements, two types of materials currently very used in construction were selected, painting and ceramic coating. It also studies the influence of the height of the building on its thermal performance and energy efficiency. The study was conducted with the use of computational modeling in EnergyPlus code that evaluates the thermal performance of the building, the influence of the height at the same energy efficiency. Compares the thermal performance of the two selected materials, it was found that the ceramic coating presented building with the average internal temperature of 0.42 ° C above the temperature at the building painted, hence less thermal performance. The influence of the height of the floor did not produce a significant variation in internal temperature, because its increase, small decrease occurred in the internal temperature with thermal gradient of about -0.07 º C / m due to the wind speed is greater when more higher the pavement. It is also considered for this study as passive natural ventilation strategy for the building under study, according to the analysis of Bioclimatic chart Givoni contribute positively to the condition of the internal temperature and humidity, and consequently the user.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidade, desenho e natureza: uma reflexão sobre os espaços livres de Marabá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-13) PONTES, Louise Barbalho; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395
The present work seeks to investigate the relationship between urbanization and the physical support through the features of Maraba's open spaces system (city located at Para's southeast, in the amazon context, presents itself in economic border situation, is object of urban experimentation and disconnected urban fabric filled with open spaces). To accomplish that, it’s needed to unravel the dichotomist view of city and nature through three analysis scale (global, national and local) unveiling conceptual placement socially created in rich countries that would suit as a background for the urban space production all over the world. The timelines developed from this conceptual deconstruction show that while in rich countries the ecological reconstruction and the quality of urban life is already pursed, in the economic border city, the economic rationality megalomania overlaps everyone and everything, leaving as a result great environmental end social tensions. However, the study invites to the reflection towards to new potentials for urban solutions in these spaces, precisely because of the non-occurrence of the complete territorial en social conversion, on the premise that the processes of urbanization of these cities happen in a single space-time, that has as privilege, the possibility of learn from the secular outline of world urban experiences and also from the traditional local knowledge that knew how to combine along time city and nature. From the science point of view the attention regarding the contemporary city form and the lenses capable of reveling the city materiality and its potential: the urban design and the landscape approach, as the starting point to elaborate a guide for empirical analysis formed by city apprehension instruments (scale, layers, borders and processes), tools for elaborate it (cartography, field investigation, people counting and interviews) and spatial quality parameters (diversity, attractiveness, comfort, access, security and identity). This way, Maraba's open spaces system is presented in a intermedium scale perspective (territorial, urban and district scale) and in objective and subjective layers (biophysical, urban and world's point of view) that reveals, besides its complexity, three degradation and fading processes (of the yard, of the public spaces and of preservation areas) and a great potential to reverse the loss – for there is a potential of an open space system structure - that unites possibilities to gather urban, environmental and cultural demands, and if thought as a coherent design could contribute to reestablish connections between urban cores that form the city with the biome and contribute to the fortification of local identity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Deterioração das pedras da arquitetura mortuária do cemitério Nossa Senhora da Soledade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10-31) SILVA, Pâmela Anne Bahia Vieira da; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8950586647715771; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7501959623721607
The city of Belém do Pará contains an area that harbors numerous stone monuments which mark and identify the Belém’s 19th century society. This area is the Cemetery of Soledade, which now function as an outdoor museum. Besides the weathering, wich makes stones change constantly, Soledade has suffered with looting and vandalism throughout its more than 150 years of existence. The presence of deterioration on the stones of tombs and mausoleums of the first public cemetery in Belém damages the quality and integrity of the material, interfering negatively in the reading of the spatial image. The Cemetery has been listed as a National Heritage Landscape since 1964 by IPHAN. Considering the importance of conservation and restoration of ancient buildings and monuments to preserve the memory of a society, this research sought to assess the deterioration by weathering and anthropogenic origin in the different stones used in tombs and mausoleums of Cemetery of Soledade. In order to generate subsidies for the conservation and restoration of these stones, the characteristics of rocks used, its state changes and the causes of deterioration were assessed. The analysis and technological investigations allowed for the identification of granite, limestone and marble and for the determination of agents and mechanisms of deterioration such as chemical action, high temperatures and microbiological action. The diagnosis of the conservation condition throrough the mapping of damages based on the Illustrated Glossary on Stone Deterioration Patterns of ICOMOS confirmed the advanced level of the pathological manifestations on the surfaces of stones, which also present lack of internal cohesion and discontinuities according with ultrasound results. To contribute to future conservation actions, restoration procedure tests to clean the monuments such as the polishing and application of bentonite plaster were performed efficiently. The results highlight the urgent need for conservation actions to reduce the rate of deterioration and mitigate the current advanced state of the same. With the data obtained, this study try to be an alert to the the situation of abandonment of the Cemetery of Soledade, promoting the importance of keeping it preserved for future generations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O espaço periurbano de Belém (PA) entre transformações, resistências e re-existências
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-03-28) VICENTE, Letícia Ribeiro; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte
It is understood that the peri-urban spaces of cities in the Amazon are today border spaces, where it is possible to perceive disputes and coexistences between different productive activities and different ways of life, which have undergone rapid transformations in recent decades. Areas of urban expansion, enterprises and industrial facilities coexist with areas understood as traditional, occupied by riverside communities, indigenous and quilombola communities. On the one hand, we can see the movement of transformations (arrival of the new/modern, disarticulations), and, on the other hand, resistance (maintenance of the old/traditional, search for the maintenance of ways of life linked to nature). At first sight these movements function as opposites, or as double negation, thesis and antithesis. But there are also syntheses, which are manifestations of the culmination of several re-existences, in which apparent dichotomies coexist and the possibilities of possible paths for the Amazon reside. To understand the transformations and local resistance, the stages of urbanization (spatial-time) presented by Lefebvre (1999) were used, divided into rural, urban-industrial and urban-utopia eras. From a dialectical perspective, the rural era works as a thesis. This era is present today through manifestations understood in this dissertation as resistances. As an antithesis, the second stage of urbanization, the urban-industrial era, is understood here as transformations. As a synthesis, the era of urban-utopia is presented as a possibility to glimpse what was called re-existence. In an attempt to contemplate a little of the regional diversity, the object of study of this dissertation is built around the peri-urban space of Belém (PA), a city (and municipality) that works as a significant example for historically playing the role of an Amazon metropolis. To this end, the peri-urban space of Belém (PA) was analyzed considering the transformations and resistances that permeate its socio-spatial production throughout history, as well as the contemporary re-existences that demonstrate the potential for emancipation and strengthening of communities that depend on of nature management. The discussion about peri-urban spaces in different contexts was presented, bringing it closer to that of Amazonian cities. In the analysis of the peri-urban space of Belém (PA), it was concluded that historically this space was constituted as a regional extended peri-urban space, since Belém had great political and economic centrality, which made it possible to articulate and interact directly with several places within the Amazon. It is considered, however, that from the second half of the 20th century onwards, several national and international processes diminished the centrality of Belém and its ability to exert influence regionally. It was noted at the local scale that the availability of land in the peri-urban space of Belém makes the peripheral, the expansion area and the communities that depend on the management of nature mix. Through some selected case studies, the re-existences that permeate the socio-spatial production of the peri-urban space of Belém were also investigated and analyzed. The re-existences made it possible to visualize that the constitution of the peri-urban space of Belém is, on the one hand, directly linked to economic, political and cultural impositions from distant places, and at the same time, it presents an enormous potential for the emancipation of local communities, which emerges from the alliance between culture, nature, and social justice. It also points out the recognition of otherness as a path to the era of urban-utopia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo antropométrico do idoso da amazônia para fins projetuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-19) PEDROSO, Ana Cristina Pacha de Carvalho; PERDIGÃO, Ana Klaudia de Almeida Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
There are investigated measures of upper limb reach from elderly Amazon for aims of conception of the architectural design that contribute to the knowledge of man’s specific anthropometric Amazon. The research develops in three stages considering anthropometry static, dynamic anthropometry and evaluation of normative NBR 9050 with seniors 60 years or older. The anthropometric measurements of static nature were taken by direct method with objective measures while the dynamic nature, were taken by indirect method with objective measures and filming of reaching movements. The obtained data were compared with those from other regions of Brazil. Finally, evaluate measures of Amazon regarding the technical parameters of the upper limbs reach that can subsidize the architectural design to contribute to discussion of the legislation in force. Brazil experience a major demographic shift related to the aging of its population age structure, with significant presence of persons aged 60 or more, for whom scientific knowledge needs new answers. The hypothesis that the measures for manuals reach predicted in the NBR 9050 are not suitable for the elderly Amazon is confirmed to reach on foot and not confirmed to reach sitting.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos de tipologias habitacionais amazônicas com análise ambiental para fins projetuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-01) SAMPAIO, Trycia Guerreiro; FRANCO, Irving Montanar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4254203203850909; PERDIGÃO, Ana Klaudia de Almeida Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
The objective is to study the housing typologies Amazon through an integrated view between the physical and environmental conditions and thermal sensation of users. The housing typologies selected refer to spaces spontaneously produced in areas, continental and insular, in Belém (PA), and also the spaces formally produced in urban resettlement area, a Vila da Barca. The environmental assessment favors the proposed solution and research experience in spatial typologies culturally constructed to support proposals for social housing in the Amazon environment, despite the appreciation of human and environmental effects of housing assistance. The strategy adopted includes qualitative and quantitative methods. Uses consultation tools applied to residents of the dwelling and also studied the use of computational tools, the EnergyPlus. The results indicate environmental conditions and well-being perceived by residents in the face of conflicting local weather conditions, because despite the high temperatures present data with over 60% of annual hours outside the comfort conditions, the questionnaire responses were obtained with the locals positive in relation to the same as satisfaction with living conditions, especially the residents of housing typologies located in the island municipality of Bethlehem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A ilusão da igualdade: natureza, justiça ambiental e racismo em Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-31) MIRANDA, Thales Barroso; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-453X
This master thesis comes from a concern about the lack of recognition of social and racial inequalities as structuring elements in the production of urban space in Brazil, mainly by environmental studies. Address the exploitation of the environment to achieve profit and favor certain social classes that have control of land ownership, and social and political power, it has been the most common approach in the Brazilian context. In the context of an Amazonian city like Belém, flat relief and water stand out as historically dynamic elements of urban occupation and disproportionately more severe environmental consequences for certain social groups. Thus, this master thesis aims to reveal environmental injustices and social and racial inequalities in the production of the urban space of Belém, historically marked by rentier urban growth, by territorial dispute and countless environmental consequences. The methodological procedure was diverse, first of all it started with a bibliographic review about nature, Brazilian racial issue, and the sociospatial formation of Belem. Then, it was made analysis of urban growth patterns of the metropolitan region of Belem, through digital rating techniques of orbital images, with two periods of time (1984 to 1999 and 1999 to 2018). The same period of time selected were used to analyze the urban occupation and the hydrological impacts in the river basin of the Metropolitan Region of Belem. To conclude, it was made analysis of socioeconomic, racial, environmental and urban infrastructure data of Belem. The obtained results show that there is a correlation between the urban spot, the vegetal cover and the reduction of adequate rates for the operation of river basins in the Metropolitan Region of Belem. Furthermore, it was verified that two out of three people live in the flooding area of Belem, which is mostly composed of black and low-income people. It was also verified that the overflow in the city match with the flooding susceptible areas, due to the lack of urban drainage and the incapacity of public management of the territory, masked with a speech which blames the nature. It is conclude that the environmental issues in the urban space of Belem affect unequally the population of the city and they are based on structures of political, economic and social power grounded in racism and inequality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Linguagem Arquitetônica Tradicionalista: estudo das residências neocoloniais no bairro de Nazaré, em Belém do Pará (1910-1940)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-13) AZEVEDO, Felipe Moreira; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3254198738703536
The study of the Neocolonial architecture that is present in Belém – PA consists of analyze Pará’s architectural history, from that, understanding the intention on its shapes and rethoric which set an important moment for Brazil. Seak for its references as well as for designers of those type of residencial buildings and its periods of constructions, will lead to another way to achieve acknowledge about that architectural phase which, at this city, have gained considerable number of supporters, bequeathing the “quest for freedom” that modern architecture longed to accomplish. This analysis has, by purpose, identify Neocolonial’s stylistic diversity on its production in Nazaré neighborhood at Belém, relating morphological changes occurred in these buildings originally built for residential purposes, through ethnographic and stratigraphical methods practice on each one of three selectioned objects of study, just as well as analyze the compositional grammar and neocolonial buildings morphology in Nazaré neighborhood. Also, it aims to analyze occurred changes, huge impacts, interventions and losses present on the three chosen neocolonial buildings, as well as its relevance to the architectural heritage of Pará and Brazil, from the discussion about its preservation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mercado de São Brás e seu entorno: tramas e sentidos de um lugar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10-29) PANTOJA, Laura Cristina Monte Palma; PONT VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704
This dissertation aims to examine the constitution of the urban history of the built environment of Sao Bras Market in Belem do Para, in the period from 1950 to 1970, an eclectic construction dating from the end of the rubber boom in the Amazon and the management of the Superintendent Antonio Lemos. The market is a monument which belongs to the patrimonial collection of the State and is active nowadays. From the notion of the urban fabric, we established relationships between the architectural and historical facts in order to investigate how they have progressed over time, resulting in a space where architecture contributes to the development of social and business relationships. Assuming that geographical proximity and economic importance of two urban facilities, the Sao Bras Market and the Belem-Bragança Iron Station, have generated a dynamic that attracted other architectures, we investigated the influence of public policies of modernization and progress, which is reflected in the appearance of the built environment and typological relations with the market. Using the methodology of case study and the combinations of interpretive / qualitative history strategies, this paper attempts to present that the intrinsic features of the buildings fulfilled their role and that events in their spaces produced perceptual phenomena in existential place. The public market and its surroundings condense social practices that associated to these phenomena ensure their continuity in the city, given the context of contemporary society.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mercados públicos em Belém (1940-1943): arquitetura, história e funcionalidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-30) SANTOS, Hélio Canto dos; VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza Pont; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704
This work is included in the studies about commercial spaces, which seek to approach their impact on society’s changes and cities’ transformations. Several studies in this area approach the construction’s peak of public markets in the late nineteenth century in Europe and Brazil. This work analyzes three public markets built in the 1940s in Belém, from their relations of origin, development and permanence in time and space: the markets of Pedreira’s, Jurunas and Sta. Luzia. Qualitative and historical-interpretive research methods are used, through the study of use of its architecture, history, functionality and study of surroundings, from documentary material, crisscross information and interviews with their users. Evidences and indications about the origin's and development's periods of the markets was identified, that aid in the understanding of their meanings over time. It was found the state of degradation, underutilization or change of usage in some of these markets as well as the urgent need to work in a strategic plan for the management of such traditional public spaces in the social, cultural and economical life of the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modernização e transformações recentes nos processos intra-urbanos no sudeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-05) MELO, Ana Carolina Campos de; CARDOSO, Ana Cláudia Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3138101153535395
Since 2006, the southeastern Pará has seen great changes in the intra-urban space, led by the private sector, with the participation of various fractions of capital (agricultural, commercial, real estate, financial). Developers, builders, land owners, retail chains and agribusiness investors, supported by the State produced new and modern developments in a previously unprecedented scale in the region. These changes showed the city space, the arrival of recent modernization processes in line with global capitalist dynamic and, at the other end, the grievance of intra-urban inequalities as they are introduced these new processes. It is observed in that context, an increasingly marked subordination of architectural and urban forms to the imperatives of capitalist enterprise, changing, so the sense of architecture and therefore the role of the architect himself, progressively farther from possibility of alliance with the recipients. In the wake of these events, this paper discusses the recent changes in the intra-urban area in southeastern Pará, particularly observed in the cities of Marabá and Parauapebas, and how this scenario articulates the processes that follow global trends, assumed as local manifestations of the contradictions of capitalist expansion of the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A mulher e a cultura arquitetônica na modernização de Belém: discursos e práticas entre 1950-1970
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-11) LIMA, Izabelle Karoline Machado; VIDAL, Celma de Nazaré Chaves de Souza Pont; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782346426511704; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-3844
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A “nova” Cidade Velha: arquiteturas e percepções no entorno do centro histórico de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-04) COSTA FILHO, Sidney Pery da Silva; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador
The Cidade Velha neighborhood, which gave rise to the city of Belém, is commonly related to the “old” due to its history and the fact that it shelters buildings and sites of interest to preservation. However, there is a section of the neighborhood that compounds the surroundings of the Historic Center of Belém and that can be considered as the "new" Cidade Velha for having characteristics that differ from the “patrimonial” Cidade Velha, as an occupation that relates to a period after the foundation of the initial nucleus and the fact that, above all, the renovation architectures, which in its place a new construction is allowed by the law, predominate in there. Thus, motivated by the fact that the author and researcher is a resident of the neighborhood, the main objective of the dissertation is to analyze the "new" Cidade Velha and understand how the materiality that refers to the existing architecture and the different perceptions that the individuals have about this area contribute to construct the identity of an area located within a neighborhood in which the predicate “old” usually defines it as a whole. The present research also addresses the themes of the search for a regionality and rescue of Amazonian roots and the relationship of individuals with architectural heritage, which implies the existence of particular memories and values attributed to places and buildings in the neighborhood. Through the ethnographic method, especially the variant of street ethnography, it was possible to establish a dialogue with residents and visitors of the area. In addition, the dialogue with heritage agents also contributed to the final result of the research, which intends to highlight an understudied area of that continues to be transformed, contributing to make Cidade Velha a unique and complex neighborhood.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Novas centralidades na malha urbana da região metropolitana de belém: estudo aplicado ao espaço da rodovia Augusto Montenegro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-01) GUIMARÃES, Gisele Joicy da Silva; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548
In this dissertation are identified centers and sub-centers from the perspective of Space Syntax and empirical analysis uses and values of urban land. The Centre, as explanatory category of urban form is characterized by identifying a single core composed of more integrated way in the urban system, while the sub-centers are connected to this core through arrangements morphological relatively less integrated than the Center. Using such an approach, we carried out the investigation of the centrality applied to recent economic and spatial transformations of the Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), focusing on the area of Rod. Augusto Montenegro, called "Nova Belém". Considering the important role of real estate developers in the process of urban recovery, we sought to understand the economic growth experienced by this settlement and at the same time, view their gradual consolidation as a new real estate space, possibly a new metropolitan center. This research also appropriates the theory of urban sprawl to analyze the creation of centers, subcenters and centralities are products of daily movements along the main roads of the urban area, raising the question of accessibility decisive factor in the differentiation of Use and land value in RMB. The centrality is taken, as well as a specific condition that the settlements might acquire as a result of the combination of two factors: i) the attraction and concentration of land uses and ii) road accessibility and fluidity of the road network, taking up in view of its influence on the choices of land use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Raio que o parta! assimilações do modernismo nos anos 50 e 60 do século XX e seu apagamento em Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) COSTA, Laura Caroline de Carvalho da; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3254198738703536
This work is result of a research developed by the Laboratório de Memória e Patrimônio Cultural (LAMEMO), from the Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Pará about the movement of non-classical architecture present in the State of Pará in the mid-twentieth century, who lent modernism elements to compose what is known today as "Raio que o parta" (RQP), contemplating his historiographical analysis from previous studies on the subject and the characterization of these types on the facades of three residential neighborhoods: Cidade Velha, Umarizal and Telégrafo. In all these three sites, one can see a considerable amount of copies, though each one presents a different context. In Cidade Velha, houses with these characteristics are common, which is a curious fact because it is an area where eclectic buildings toppled by organs of national heritage dominate the landscape. In Umarizal, although sensitive changes to their social and real state speculation over its history, it has great number of houses, but also high erasure rate. The number of copies and the popular characterization on the facades also justify the choice for the third cut, the neighborhood of the Telégrafo, where we find the most architectural renewal rate which has deactivated the RQP lines. Using tools such as street ethnography and semiotic analysis of facades, we identified 90 RQP homes in those neighborhoods, taking into account the relationship of the resident / owner with them, regarding to conditions for its removal / erasure, and aspects such as house modernization desires or judgment of changing value, identified by Riegl (2006).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Restauração do concreto aparente: estudo tecnológico para salvaguarda de edificações com tendências modernistas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-21) OLIVEIRA, Djanira Cabral Viégas Borges da Cruz; PAES, Isaura Nazaré Lobato; SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8950586647715771; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3432832117667434
Concrete is basically formed by mixed cement, water, sand and stone, and has emerged as a building material to replace wood, stone, brick and even structural steel, but only in the twentieth century its aesthetic beauty was recognized. The modernism appropriated the new constructive technology and its plastic possibilities and splited definitively with the passed styles. Influenced by the schools of Rio and São Paulo, architects and engineers who built at Belém left a legacy of unfinished concrete constructions, which unfortunately is being threatened by the lack of specific care, since many interventions are made in a random and misguided way. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the unfinished concrete under the historical and technological aspects in order to develop a methodology for restoration of areas with gaps, considering aspects such as color, texture and strength, seeking a compatible material to the original concrete. The study was conducted in three different steps: 1) Historical Research, 2) Field Research; 3) Research Laboratory. The materials of this study correspond to samples collected in three buildings and laboratory samples. The physical characterization of the samples allowed to find the approximated trace of the old concrete of 1:3 and the strength of the material, which is approximately 22MPa. The chemical and mineralogical characterization indicated that the original material has been suffering process of mineralogical transformation evidenced by the presence of polymorphs of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and allowed to understand that the aggregates used in the composition of the material may have quartz or gravel origin. It was also observed that the color and texture of the material varies depending on the type of cement and aggregate used in the production of concrete. From the identification of the principle features of the original materials was developed a methodology for producing a mortar for restoration with properties similar to the antique material. The results as color, texture, and strength were satisfactory, because the values established by rule were accomplished and were also compatible to the appearance of the original concrete, allowing restoring the image of the building and achieving the proposed objectives.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Rua Dr. Assis: uma incursão pela paisagem patrimonial transfigurada da Cidade Velha, Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-19) TUTYIA, Dinah Reiko; MIRANDA, Cybelle Salvador; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3254198738703536
This research investigate Dr. Assis street landscape transformation – located in Cidade Velha neighborhood of Belém – based on rereading of buildings its classified as "renewal" by the Law 7.709 of 1994. This law is responsible for Belém’s protection and preservation Historic, Artistic, Environmental and Cultural Heritage. The “renewal” category fits the properties with no interest of preservation, which can be replaced by new ones. Thus these lots in the historic center, “opens custody” to the dynamics of transformation, a city's intrinsic characteristic. The transfigured landscape which escapes from the “cultural heritage aesthetic” consolidates a new “Cidade Velha” – Belém’s genesis district – which along with Campina are the city’s Historic Center. Based on street ethnography method, an incursion is made into this landscape, which keeps in its, the building’s materiality and in the memories of the local residents and traders, the transformer process of the protected urban fabric. Thus, the space (re) cognition, aims to bring out the material-immaterial relation, eclipsed by the legislation category of 1994.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ruído e configuração espacial urbana: estudo de caso em Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-23) MOURA, Vânia Raposo de; MELO, Gustavo da Silva Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850986817571748
A large portion of the population that lives in urban centers has already suffered or is suffering from problems caused by urban noise, especially due to, among other factors, the proximity of roads of intense traffic of vehicles. Studies of several areas of knowledge are presenting possible harms caused to people as a consequence of a long exposure to high noise levels. Under this point of view, noise has become a social problem, implying the necessity to make its control to improve the quality of life for citizens. Lately, this control has been done mainly by private initiatives, through the internal ambient sound insulation. Regarding the external environment, few measures were taken. Studies about this reveal conflicts between the urban guidelines for the urban development, land use and occupation and the acoustic comfort. The main objective of this work is to study the interactions between urban noise (especially regarding traffic noise) and urban space configuration, using as experimental field an area of Marco neighborhood, in Belém-PA, near Almirante Barroso Avenue. For this, a methodology was created based on standards and theories that approach this theme and makes it possible to obtain built mass characteristic indexes (roughness, porosity, concentration and porosity). The comparison of these indexes with sound levels obtained through “in loco” collected data (using a sound pressure level meter), allow the identification of the urban form physical characteristics that influence external sound environment and that can serve as subsidies to the planning and design of the cities, preventing the formation of extremely unhealthy sound areas.