Dissertações em Zoologia (Mestrado) - PPGZOOL/ICB
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2344
O Mestrado Acadêmico foi criado em 1985 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aspectos ecológicos do bacu-pedra Lithodoras dorsalis (Valenciennes, 1840) (Siluriformes: Doradidae) na foz amazônica, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) BARBOSA, Thiago Augusto Pedroso; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936237097107099The aim of this study was investigate the ecological aspects related to the rock-bacu Lithodoras dorsalis (Siluriformes: Doradidae) from streams next to the city of Abaetetuba, Pará, Brazil. The aspects investigated were: feeding ecology and dispersal of plant diaspores (seeds). The study of feeding ecology and seed dispersal are important because they provide essential information for understanding the relationship between ichthyofauna and environment, allowing the taking of effective measures in the conservation of species and ecosystems. The samplings were carried out monthly from July 2010 to June 2011. In this period, 371 specimens of L. dorsalis were collected and through analysis of the gonads was found that all were immature. The average standard length was equal to 15.40 cm (SD ± 4.87 cm) and average total mass equal to 94 g (SD ± 149.45). The diet of the species was composed by 28 food items (16 allochthonous origin and 12 autochthonous origin) and Lithodoras dorsalis was classified as herbivore with a strong tendency to frugivory due to the high importance of fruits and seeds in your diet. With regard to the intensity of obtaining food by the rock-bacu, there were differences between the pluviometric periods, where the end of the transitional period wet-drought and early drought periods represented the lowest and highest feeding activity, respectively. However, there were no significant difference to the importance of the items consumed between the pluviometric periods, the diet of species was similar throughout the sampling period. About the dispersal of seeds, 268 (74.93%) of 371s pecimens of Lithodoras dorsalis showed fruit and vegetable seeds in their stomachs, the main being the assai Euterpe oleracea Mart., the aninga Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott and the buriti Mauritia flexuosa Mart. For analysis we used the assai seeds Euterpe oleracea Mart. and aninga Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott for reaching enough samples. From the analysis of the digestive tract of the rock-bacu was found that all plant diaspores of Euterpe oleracea Mart. were found intact, with an increase in performance of this plant germination, but this did not occur to aninga Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott, because the digestion process destroyed some seeds. Thus it was concluded that Lithodoras dorsalis is a potential disperser of assai Euterpe oleracea Mart. in the Amazonian mouth, because in addition to increasing the performance of the seeds germination, there is an increase in the amount of fruits and seeds consumed by the individuals with the increasing of their body size. Finally, given the high consumption of material of allochthonous origin for Lithodoras dorsalis, we highlight the importance of riparian vegetation by providing items such as fruit and seeds, essential in the diet of Neotropical fishes and we emphasize the importance of ictiocoria for plants since many have sessile habit of life and cannot move from one location to another without the aid of dispersers.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ecologia trófica e reprodutiva de Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis (Daudin, 1802) (Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae) na Amazônia Oriental, Pará, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SILVA FILHO, Heriberto Figueira da; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Recursos alimentares e local de forrageio de três espécies de Helicops wagler, 1830 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) na Amazônia Oriental, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) TEIXEIRA, Cássia de Carvalho; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936237097107099; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378Close related species that coexist in the same environment with similarities in the use of resources are potentially competitors. Therefore, it is expected that they present differentiation in some of the main axes of their ecological niche. Helicops angulatus, H. hagmanni and H. polylepis are abundant species found in the state of Pará, Eastern Amazonia, and they are sintopic sometimes, what suggests that these species present some variation in their diet or in the foraging place. This work aimed to verify variations in the composition of the diet, the width and overlap of food niche, as well as variations in the foraging place, based on ecomorphological characteristics of the consumed fishes of three species of the genus Helicops in the Eastern Amazonia, Pará state. We verified that the three species of snake possess similar diet composition, however, the proportions in that the items are consumed differ between them. Helicops angulatus is the most generalist species and H. hagmanni the most specialist. The food niche overlap between the three species was intermediate. In agreement with ecomorphological data of the fishes consumed by H. angulatus, H. hagmanni and H. polylepis, it can be concluded that these species forage in the same place, that would be the medium and superior strata of the water column, especially in the lentic waters of the margins. The coexistence of those species can be favored by the abundance of the consumed resources.