Dissertações em Zoologia (Mestrado) - PPGZOOL/ICB
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2344
O Mestrado Acadêmico foi criado em 1985 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Consumo de proteína animal em aldeias de terra firme e de várzea da terra indígena Uaçá, Amapá, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) VON MÜHLEN, Eduardo Matheus; SILVEIRA, Ronis da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7214125748792946I studied the animal protein consumption in seven terra firme villages and eight várzea villages in the Terra Indígena (TI) Uaçá, using daily consumption calendars between April and June 2004. The TI Uaçá is localized in the Oiapoque city limits, extreme north of Amapá state, and has borders with the Cabo Orange National Park, the Ti Juminã and TI Galibi. Approximately 4.500 indigenous people from ethnic groups Palikur, Karipuna and Galibi-Marwomo tive in the TI. The arta is about 470.164 ha of wide seasonally fiooded fields (várzea), terra firme forests and small arcas of unfolded savanna. During the study period, which corresponded to the high water season, 243 calendars were dispensed in 83 houses of terra firme villages and 160 houses from várzea. Each calendar was composed with animal figures that represented the different sources of animal protein, and the inhabitants participating in the project were requested to mark what they consumed every day. Only the 55 calendars from terra firme villages and 113 from várzea that had more than 40% of the days with registers were used in the analyses. Games animal meat and fish were the major sources of animal protein for the inhabitants of both areas. The people consumed little commercialized foods such as chicken meat or comed beef. However, they ate more of this type of food in terra firme villages than in várzea villages. Mammals was the vertebrate class most consumed in terra firme villages, followed by reptiles and birds. In várzea villages, no significant differences were observed between mammal and reptile consumption, which were both used more often than birds. Ungulate was the most importa.nt vertebrate group for TI Uaçá inhabitant's diet. They were the most consumed in terra firme villages and jointly with crocodilians the most consumed also in várzea villages. This study will be the base for a future elaboration of a fauna management plan in the TI Uaçá, which is highly important for inhabitants' feeding habits.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Filogeografia em lagartos no baixo Tocantins, Ilha do Marajó e Sul do Amapá(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SOUZA, Ana Carla Barros de; GONÇALVES, Evonnildo Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8652560763793265; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263Filogeographical studies have helped to clarify the spatial and temporal context of the diversification of organisms from Amazonian, which can be directly compared with specific geological scenarios. This study aims to contribute with the reconstitution of the recent history of low Tocantins/Marajó Island from a philogeographical analysis of Gonatodes humeralis and Kentropyx calcarata. The questions to be answered are whether there is a distinction among the population of the southern Amapá, Marajó Island, and each side of the Tocantins river, and how these populations interrelate one each other. In addition, this work also aims to assess the usefulness of the gene cytochrome oxidase I as a marker for studies of lizard populations. Data from 49 specimens of G. humeralis and 32 of K. calcarata from 14 localities in southern Amapá, low Tocantins, Marajó Island, and of an external population of the focal area of study, in the city of Itaituba, Pará, were analyzed. The molecular studies were based on mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I. The levels of genetic variability were calculated: diversity of nucleotides (π) and diversity of haplotypes (h), the genetic differentiation through the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and the estimates of Fst for pairs of populations and distribution of the differences between pairs of sequences. It was used a statistical test to detect possible R2 events of recent demographic expansion. The phylogenetic relations between populations were evaluated by the construction of non-rooted trees using the methods of maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (MV). The results show that although the COI has been rarely used for this purpose, the observed variation in sequences of populations of G. humeralis and K. calcarata indicates that it is a useful marker for Phylogeographic analysis. The five populations of both species studied here, are genetically structured. This indicates a low or, more probably, inexistent gene flow among them. The observed Phylogeographic relations, although more certainly to G. humeralis than K. calcarata, indicates that significant changes have occurred in relatively recent times in the drainage system in the low Tocantins river and Marajo island. This is due strong indications, obtained in this study, that in recent past there was more movement, active or passive, of the species between regions of Marajo and west of the Tocantins river that would have been the most directly affected by these changes.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Influência das variáveis ambientais na comunidade de anuros de florestas de Terra-Firme na Amazônia Oriental(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) GONÇALVES, Alinne Nayara Negrão; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378The knowledge of environmental variability assists in predictions about how changes in abiotic environment could affect species distribution. In this study, we evaluated the influence of environmental variables in the composition of frogs communities on local and regional scale from three preserved areas of rainforest mainland: Amapá National Forest, Tapajós National Forest and Caxiuanã National Forest. During the rainy season, between January and April 2012, a total of 56 plots were installed, and we survived for amphibians once on each plot, using simultaneously auditive and visual surveys. The environmental variables collected were: leaf litter height, canopy openness, length at breast height of trees and tree density, air temperature and moisture. In each area the species composition was not affected by canopy openness, leaf litter height and length at breast height of trees. On a regional scale, moisture, temperature, leaf litter height and canopy openness influenced the species composition of the community. The partial redundancy analysis for each area did not indicate significant influence of distance and environmental variables locally, but regionally showed that both distance and environmental variables may influence the community.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Revisão taxonômica do complexo Gonatodes concinnatus (Reptilia: Sphaerodactylidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-06) STURARO, Marcelo José; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263The Gonatodes concinnatus complex, as established here, consists of Gonatodes species characterized by a white suprahumeral spot with black margins; vermiculations on back; and transversely enlarged scales under the tail, showing the sequence 1’1’1”, and in some cases 1’1’2” (on the anterior portion). Two species are presently recognized in this Amazonian group, G. concinnatus and G. tapajonicus. New material found in eastern Amazonia (states of Pará and Amapá, Brazil) made it necessary to review species of this complex. We analyzed several populations within this complex, from Peru, Ecuador, Colômbia, and Brazil (but not from Venezuela), including those new records. Specimens were separated in groups defined on basis of color pattern. Stepwise discriminant function analyses were then performed to compare the external morphology (represented by measurements and scale counts, separately) in these groups. Results support recognition of four taxa, corresponding to G. concinnatus, from western Amazonia, in Ecuador and northeastern Peru; G. tapajonicus, from the Tapajós river basin, in Pará, Brazil; and two new species, one from eastern Amazonia, in the states of Pará and Amapá, Brazil, and another from cis-andean central Colombia. Diagnoses and descriptions of all species are presented.