Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão de Riscos e Desastres Naturais na Amazônia - PPGGRD/IG
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9943
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão de Riscos e Desastres Naturais na Amazônia - PPGGRD/IG por Assunto "Desastre natural"
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Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aprimoramento normativo do sistema de alertas de desastres naturais no município de Belém.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-10) BRITO, Wagner Lobato; MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8462634544908052The democratic state of Brazilian law has been evolving significantly in the improvement of legislation related to the management of risk minimization and mitigation of natural disasters. However, there is a lack of concrete normative provisions that regulate the municipal institution of an effective and effective system for the transmission of the alerts to the Civil Defense of the municipality of Belém, in order to minimize and even mitigate the risks of natural disasters and thus safeguard the vulnerable population. The need for a more robust and effective legal mechanism becomes clear when the impacts caused by natural disasters in the capital of the state of Pará are analyzed, as well as the communities that are affected and the population that is in imminent danger. The present study has as main objective the proposal of a normative tool of municipal civil defense, for Bethlehem, with the intention of prevention and mitigation of risks to natural disasters. In the region of study, natural disasters such as windstorms, floods and floods are frequent. It is known that the causes for occurrence of these events come from natural phenomena and their events are neither transient nor punctual. The methodological procedures consisted of analyzes of the current legislation related to the subject, at the federal, state and municipal level, as well as important information of the monitoring system of alerts and natural disasters, which served as reference to plan the elucidation of its execution, organization and legal analysis. Also analyzed were the hierarchies of the laws, characterizing the constitutionality of the norms and the legal powers that authorize and delegate the creation of normative instruments that regulate the system of monitoring and alerts of natural disasters. The product of the research is the elaboration of the draft of the proposal of amendment of the municipal Law, more precisely with regard to art. 5, item "F", to make the use of the alert tool made available by the monitoring institutions by the municipal Civil Defense agency dynamic and mandatory.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Índice de impactos de desastres: critérios para a declaração e reconhecimento de situação de anormalidade.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-04-26) FREITAS, Bruno Pinto; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2313369423727020The study proposed to parameterize the impacts of disasters caused by floods, which partially or substantially compromise the local government's response capacity, assisting protection technicians and civil defense, in their field activities, to support the processes of recognition emergency situation (SE) and the state of public calamity (ECP), as well as managers and analysts to make decisions through objective data that, related to each other, can express mathematically impact of the event. Normative Instruction nº 002 / MI does not clearly and objectively state the criteria for decreasing and recognizing abnormality situations. The equation known as the Disaster Impact Indicator is derived from the variables adopted from the congregation and mathematical and statistical artifacts, from consolidated data related to Disaster and Risk Management, such as quantitative human damages, material damages, economic losses, in addition to rates of precipitation and vulnerability, as well as the capacity of confrontation of the local public power. In the State of Pará hydrological disasters correspond to 80% of the occurrences of these 30% are the floods, affecting more than 50 thousand people in 26 years of records, occurring mainly in the period known as Amazonian winter. The city of Monte Alegre / PA was the most affected, with 5 flood records only in the last 3 years, 2 of which were recognized due to an emergency situation. The proposed equation serves as a substrate for the creation of regulations, which deal with criteria for recognition of local response capacity impairment, which will standardize actions in damage and loss assessments, and may be implemented at the national level, for flood disasters, using the relative attributes in each variable, according to the reality of each State.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Inundações em Marabá: avaliação estratégica para declarar situação de emergência.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-04) BENTES, Klebson Loair Lázaro Mansos; MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8462634544908052Natural disaster is a worldwide problem that every year have been increasing frequency and impacts, they are classified in geological, meteorological, climatological, hydrological and biological. The present study worked on the hydrological disaster (flood / flood). The study area chosen was Marabá-PA, due to the high incidence of flooding and the extensive area susceptible to this adverse event. In 21 years, in the period from 1991 to 2012 there were 17 records by Civil Defense. The objective of the research was to evaluate the parameters used to declare the alert situation, emergency situation and state of public calamity based on the fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River. The research developed was bibliographical and documentary; its database was the database of the institutions; river basin of the Tocantins River - National Water Agency; data from the municipality and the population of Marabá - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics; to define the flood surface area - report of the Research Company and Mineral Resources; to estimate the number of buildings in flood risk area - Amazon Protection System. In the period delimited for conducting the research (1972 to 2015) it was possible to verify that in most of these years the fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River reached impact footage; the characteristics of the population of Marabá and specifically of the area of risk are of vulnerabilities to the flood impacts. The Product was developed to characterize the potential of disaster intensity to declare a warning situation, emergency situation and state of public calamity based on fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River and number of buildings affected.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Vulnerabilidade socioambiental em área peri-urbana suscetível a movimentos de massa: estudo de caso no Distrito de Miritituba, Itaituba, Pará.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-21) SENA, Marson Menezes; RODRIGUES, Hernani José Brazão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1660618871530248Natural Disasters associated with mass movements have increased considerably in the last decades, causing a series of physical damages, with consequences mainly on human life, private, public and collective goods. Differently from other regions of Brazil, the Amazon region, despite of the predominance of lowland areas, also suffers from mass movement events caused mainly by the performance of atmospheric rainfall systems that when in excess, produce events of this nature. The objective of this work was to analyze the socioenvironmental consequences of urban occupation in areas of risk of landslides, starting from a case study in the district of Buritizal, District of Miritituba, Itaituba / PA and presenting administrative solutions through elaboration and proposition of a bill in the Itaituba City Council that aims to reserve housing through the National Popular Housing Program for families who have lost their homes or live in areas on the risk of natural disasters. The present study was carried out based on two lines of research, one of bibliographic and the other of field, with mixed approach (quantitative and qualitative), in order to show the problem in the studied context. So, socioeconomic indicators were used from the e-SUS questionnaires, such as, from secondary data obtained from the IBGE, to the municipality of Itaituba and CPRM. The means of social vulnerability were related to the means of environmental vulnerability. From the described scenarios, it was possible to verify that the scenario referring to social variables showed 90% of average vulnerability. On the other hand, the scenario regarding environmental vulnerability was the most critical, with more than 75% of high vulnerability. Summarize, it is verified that both the variables that make the social indicators and the environmental factors have been determinant on the definition of the socio-environmental vulnerability scenario. Socio-environmental vulnerability reached 2.7, so the socioenvironmental vulnerability of families living in the neighborhood of Buritizal was defined as high. The Socio-environmental Vulnerability allowed to observe and quantify the different levels of vulnerability experienced by each family surveyed, and it is possible to indicate which families have more or less vulnerability residing in the neighborhood of Buritizal.