Navegando por Assunto "Antioxidant activity"

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Aplicação da tecnologia supercrítica e de fndição na obtenção de embalagens ativas de gelatina de peixe (Cynoscion acoupa) com óleo essencial piper divaricatum
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-10-27) ALBUQUERQUE, Gilciane Américo; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; JOELE, Maria Regina Sarkis Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2618640380469195
Active films produced with gelatin from the skin of hake fish (Cynoscion acoupa) and essential oil (EO) Piper divaricatum were obtained by two techniques: impregnation by supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and casting. Initially, the process of impregnating the EO in the gelatin film was carried out using CO2 as a supercritical solvent, in an autoclave at 35 º C, at pressures of 100, 150 and 200 bar and times of 60, 90 and 120 min. The active film that showed the highest percentage of inhibition of antioxidant activity (IAA%) was obtained at 100 bar and 60 min (41.63±1.6%). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the EO presented heterogeneous distribution in the film, confirming the impregnation. The scCO2 impregnation resulted in a film with lower tensile strength and thermal stability, greater flexibility and opacity when compared to the control, indicating the potential of this technique to obtain active packaging for food products. After determining the best parameter of the impregnation process, the concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30% of the EO in the gelatin film were compared by the casting and impregnation techniques by scCO2. The films obtained with the addition of 20% (71.97±1.71) and 30% (79.17±1.01) of EO produced by casting showed the highest retentions of the IAA%. Films made by scCO2 impregnation showed lower antioxidant activity, but this was improved with increasing EO content from 20% (23.57±1.45) to 30% (33.66±2.42). Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, oil droplets with heterogeneous distribution were observed in films impregnated by scCO2 and homogeneous surface by the casting technique. The films impregnated with scCO2 proved to be transparent, resistant to traction, elastic and with greater thermal stability. Meanwhile, the films produced by casting showed greater resistance to moisture and greater protection from UV light. The casting technique showed greater potential for the production of active packaging, as the film showed better antioxidant potential with the incorporation of EO and the use of emulsifier in the film solution. Impregnation by scCO2 showed potential to obtain the active film, however further studies should be carried out to improve the limitations of oil retention in the film found in this
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da composição química, atividade antioxidante e antimicrobiana do óleo de cipó-de-alho (Mansoa standleyi) (Steyerm.) A. H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) obtido via extração supercítica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-31) URBINA, Glides Rafael Olivo; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-6580
Mansoa standleyi is popularly known as "cipó-de-alho" because of its characteristic garlic odor (Allium sativum). The plant has an inhibitory effect on bacteria and fungi growth. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the oil obtained from M. standleyi leaves via supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and conventional extraction (Hydrodistillation). The SFE tests were performed using supercritical CO2, static extraction time of 30 min and dynamic time of 180 min, CO2 flow of 2.5 L/min and raw material mass of 10 g. The temperature and pressure variables were selected in order to obtain a difference in the CO2 density (𝜌𝐶𝑂2) in the 35 and 45 ºC isotherms combined with the pressure values of 100, 200, 300, and 400 bar. The results obtained allow us to verify that the global yield values of SFE on dry basis show significant differences between them (p≤0.05), with values varying from 0.87 to 2.02%. The highest average found refers to 400 bar/35 ºC condition (𝜌𝐶𝑂2 = 972.26 kg/m3). However, in Hydrodistillation extraction the oil yield was 0.14%. The results of phytochemical screening by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) evidenced the presence of terpenes, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. It was demonstrated the presence of substances with antioxidant activity for all oils obtained with SFE, being observed a better identification in the oils obtained at high pressures. In the quantitative analysis of chemical composition, it was observed that the values ranged from 31.87 to 72.06 mg EAG/g oil in the content of total phenolic compounds. In relation to the antioxidant activity, the values ranged from 457.64 to 2475.55 EC50 expressed in g of oil/g of DPPH, the best results being obtained in the condition of 400 bar/35 ºC. In the fatty acid profiles of M. standleyi oil obtained by SFE, the results indicated that there was a difference in the fatty acids qualitative composition detected, in function of the operational extraction condition, where the presence of linoleic (≅95%), palmitic (≅12%), and oleic (≅5%) acid was observed. The chemical constituents identified in the obtained oil by Hydrodistillation were identified as sulfur compounds, phenols, and alcohols. The antimicrobial activity in vitro analysis showed that the oil obtained by SFE presents an antibacterial action against Stapphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Finally, M. standleyi oil represents an alternative for future use in the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de atividade antimicrobiana e perfil fitoquimíco de plantas medicinais utilizadas por comunidades remanescentes de quilombos no Marajó
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-28) SILVA, Suzana Helena Campelo Nogueira da; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-3328-5650; SILVA, Consuelo Yumiko Yoshioka e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8337688339279747; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9120-1910
The ethnopharmacological survey is recognized as one of the most viable methods in the search for new medicinal plants, with the ultimate purpose of producing medicines of natural or semi-synthetic origin. In this sense, the remaining communities of Amazonian quilombolas (Marajó-PA) carry with them a great deal of knowledge about the use of medicinal plants, which has been passed down for generations in Mararajo soil, promoting the value of popular knowledge and its applicability in future studies. The objective of this study is to provide scientific support for the traditional use of plants in the treatment of dermatological diseases in quilombola communities in Marajó that do not yet have an adequate chemical and / or pharmacological study. During the fieldwork carried out between 2017 and 2018, 13 communities were interviewed, in which 7 plants with use in skin diseases were cited. Such plants were collected, and their exsiccates were prepared. After botanical identification by a qualified professional, an extensive bibliographic review was carried out, after which 3 plants were selected for phytochemical and pharmacological study (in vitro in Microsporum and Staphylococcus aureus). In addition, they were subjected to ORAC antioxidant and TP total polyphenols tests. The phytochemical profile was analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) providing 17 chemical constituents, belonging to the flavonoid class. The results of the in vitro tests showed an antibacterial potential of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of C. alatus (MIC) of 0.625 µg / mL and (CBM) of 0.734 µg / mL and of the ethanol extract of the roots D. floribunda (MIC) of 125, 0 ug / mL and 200.0 μg / mL (CBM) compared to S. aureus, with emphasis on the F3 fraction (MIC) 25.0 μg / mL and (CBM) of 132.0 which presented the highest bacterial inhibition. Therefore, the results contributed to the validation of popular use and chemical characterization of the species that presented antimicrobial potential, which can be a promising candidate for herbal medicine.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo de métodos de extração, quantificação dos polifenóis totais, avaliação das atividades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas da casca do caule de Croton palanostigma Klotzsch
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-22) RODRIGUES, Cintya Cordovil; BRASIL, Davi do Socorro Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0931007460545219; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-7306; FARIA, Lênio José Guerreiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7428609361678173; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9534-9998
The Croton palanostigma is popularly known as "dragon blood" and used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and wound healing. This paper proposes a study between the methodologies of conventional mining and extraction in supercritical carbon dioxide of stem bark of C. palanostigma, aiming to evaluate the extracts obtained income, the amount of total polyphenols, activities, antioxidant and anti-microbial. For the extraction process was conventional used jacketed extractor glass, in addition to a factorial design experiment of three factors and three levels of type Box-Behnken, with the objective of determining which variables (temperature, the extraction time and the relationship between mass/solvent) could influence the process, extraction for quantification of total polyphenols was used the method of Folin-Ciocalteau, with some changes and using the chart acid as a standard of reference, to analyze the antioxidant activity, we used the method of IC50, which measures the concentration needed to reach 50%of decrease in absorbance of DPPH radical and to the analysis antibiological was used the method of microdilution, whose goal was the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (CIM) Of all the tests ahead of the bacterial and fungal studied. The extraction methods used were efficient to obtain the extracts, with some qualitative differences, such as for example: color, viscosity and flavor. Quantitatively, the technique of conventional extraction presented a higher yield in their tests, however the same demanded much more time to process and greater amount of material used, both as botanist of solvent, in addition to all the variables assessed in this study were considered significant for the process, while the extraction supercritical the time used was significantly lower, as well as a lesser amount of botanical material and the co-solvent used (ethyl alcohol). For the quantification of total polyphenols found that the conventional extraction test 9 (T=45ºC; t=30 min; g/mL=1:2) was less efficient than those obtained by extracting supercritical (Test 1; T=40ºC; P=100 bar and Test 3; T=60ºC; P=300 bar) and having significant variables for the analysis time and relationship between mass and solvent. For antioxidant activity the best result was to extract conventional (IC50=30.71%) in relation to the test 3 (T=60ºC; P=300 bar) to extract supercritical (IC50=52.36) and having the variables, time and temperature its favorable conditions for the process. To analyze microbial all extracts obtained with the conventional extraction showed, in at least one of their concentrations, inhibitory activity against at least one of the pathogenic strains used in the test. For the samples obtained from the extraction in supercritical carbon dioxide to test 2 (T:60 ºC; P:200bar) showed no inhibitory activity against any bacterial strain used in the test, strain, bacterial Enterobacter did not suffer disqualification for none of the samples of supercritical carbon dioxide at a temperature of 60°C and E. coli also did not inhibit forward samples of extraction supercritical except test 1(T=40ºC; P=100 bar).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extração de Compostos Antioxidantes de Cissus sicyoides L. com Tecnologia Supercrítica e Determinação da Atividade Anti-inflamatória no Modelo de Lesão Medular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-11) RODRÍGUEZ SALAZAR, Marielba de Los Ángeles; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-6580
Cissus sicyoides L. or Cissus verticillata L., also known as vegetable insulin, is a plant that has a potent anti-inflammatory activity, due to its chemical composition, which stands out for the presence of compounds with high antioxidant activity. Supercritical technology is an appropriate alternative to extract antioxidant compounds from plant matrices. In this sense, the objective of this thesis was to perform the extraction of antioxidant compounds present in C. sicyoides through supercritical technology, using CO2 and EtOH as a co-solvent, and subsequently, in the supercritical extract, to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect in the spinal cord injury model. For this, in the first experimental stage of the thesis, the identification of phenolic compounds by HPLC and the cytotoxic effect, on human red blood cells, of the extract of leaves and stems of C. sicyoides obtained by supercritical extraction was evaluated, in the operating condition of 50 °C/ 400 bar and 10 % EtOH (𝜌𝐶𝑂2+𝐸𝑡𝑂𝐻 = 953 kg/m3), compared to the extract obtained by conventional extraction (Soxhlet) and, finally, the antiinflammatory effect in the spinal cord injury model was evaluated. In the analysis of the extracts by HPLC, the UV/Visible spectral data revealed compounds with absorption bands at wavelengths characteristic of glycosylated flavonoids. The supercritical extract did not show a cytotoxic effect, as there was no disruption of red blood cell membranes. The in vivo assay demonstrated an apparent reduction in cell concentration in the area surrounding the lesion in the treated animals, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect of the supercritical extract in the spinal cord injury model. In the second experimental stage of the thesis, the aim was to study the antioxidants present in each part of C. sicyoides (fruits, flowers, leaves and stems). Samples were evaluated for CFT content by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, which ranged from 9.30 to 141.04 mg GAE/g of sample, of FT by complexation with aluminum chloride from 1.03 to 44.02 mg QE /g of sample, its antioxidant activity by the DPPH method, the EC50 value varied between 162.83 to 453.25 g of sample/g of DPPH and by the FRAP method the values were 199.14 and 241.26 μM ferrous sulfate/ g sample. Thus, leaves and stems before and after SFE are rich in antioxidants, which justifies the high FT content, as well as the higher antioxidant activity by the tested methods. Finally, in the SFE process it was possible to obtain an extract with potential antioxidant activity, which can be used for biological applications.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extração de compostos bioativos de folhas de croton matourensis Aubl. com CO2 Supercrítico: determinação da composição química, atividade antioxidante e atividade biológica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-06) BEZERRA, Fernanda Wariss Figueiredo Bezerra; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-6287
The Croton matourensis species has health benefits, due to its composition, which has a high concentration of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids. The most used method to obtain its extracts is hydrodistillation, however the extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) is an environmentally friendly method, with high selectivity and capable of obtaining extracts with a high concentration of larixol, an oxygenated diterpene of high economic value and with several biological activities. In this context, the present thesis aimed to use supercritical technology to obtain extracts from leaves of C. matourensis with a high concentration of larixol and to evaluate its potential anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antiviral activity against the COVID-19 virus. For this, in the first stage of the thesis, the extraction of C. matourensis leaves with SC-CO2 was carried out under different conditions of temperature (40 and 50 °C) and pressure (100 to 400 bar), the supercritical extraction was compared with hydrodistillation (HD) and hexane extraction (HE) through the evaluation of the mass yield, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the extracts, then the experimental model of focal ischemia in the motor cortex of rats was carried out using the extract obtained in the best operating condition with SC-CO2. The highest yields were obtained in HE (5.73 ± 0.26%) and in the condition at 50°C/400 bar (5.60 ± 0.06%), which were statistically equal (p > 0.05), the supercritical condition was more advantageous in obtaining larixol (48.49%) compared to HE (2.93%). The extracts obtained by the different methods showed a high value of total phenolic compounds (51.81 ± 2.03 to 79.53 ± 1.19 mgGAE/g of extract), total flavonoids (2.50 ± 0.20 - 6.89 ± 0.45 mgQE/g of extract) and antioxidant activity with maximum inhibition percentage equal to 83.26 ± 0.58% at a concentration of 14 mg/mL. The focal cerebral ischemia study revealed that the animals treated with the C. matourensis extract showed a greater reduction in the lesion area than those treated with the control solution (Tween 5%), suggesting its potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect. In the second stage of the thesis, an in silico study was carried out to evaluate the interactions between the larixol ligand and four SARS-CoV-2 receptors. The molecular docking results showed that the mode of interaction played a fundamental role in the interaction with larixol, mainly in the interaction with Spike- protease. The study showed through the affinity energy that the ligand had stable conformations, forming a stable complex with the receptors, conforming to the catalytic site of the receptors. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics and Gibbs free energy data showed that larixol can bind to the binding compartment of receptors, evidencing its potential role as an antiviral agent or agent used in conjunction with other therapies that provide a line of defense against diseases associated with the coronavirus. Thus, the thesis showed that the extract of C. matourensis leaves obtained with SC-CO2 showed a high concentration of larixol, with potential anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antiviral activities, presenting potential to be applied as an input in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Funcionalidades de peptídeos provenientes de biomassas de oleaginosas amazônicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-22) PANTOJA, Gabriela Vieira; FONTANARI, Gustavo Guadagnucci; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6654478241936919; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-8417-263X; MARTINS, Luiza Helena da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1164249317889517; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-4502
The use of agro-industrial by-products has been increasingly emphasized, as it focuses on sustainability and resource scarcity issues. Moreover, industrial processing by-products may also contain bioactive molecules. Bioactive peptides are molecules that exhibit a wide range of functionalities, including antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain protein hydrolysates with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity from the residual cakes of Amazonian biomasses tucumã (Astrocaryum vulgare), murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru), and andiroba (Carapa guianensis) through enzymatic hydrolysis. To achieve this, the protein extraction was first optimized, and once the conditions of pH, ratio, and extraction time were defined, concentrated proteins were obtained and subsequently subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using trypsin and alcalase. These hydrolysates were tested for phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and separated by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of the study were positive regarding antioxidant activity, with tucumã hydrolysates showing the highest content. The andirobaalcalase and tucumã-trypsin hydrolysates exhibited moderate microbial inhibition activity, with this result tending, according to Pearson correlation, to be due to the peptide fractions obtained. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the use of residual oilseed cakes from the Amazon for the extraction of bioactive peptides is a viable practice for generating high-value by-products.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Otimização da pasteurização da polpa de jambolão (Syzygium cumini lamarck)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-21) AMÉRICO, Gilciane Vergolino; CARVALHO, Ana Vânia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7856575452724939; LOPES, Alessandra Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8156697119235191
The Syzygium cumini Lamarck fruits, popular known as jambolan, are a source of anthocyanin and antioxidant. This study aimed to optimize the thermic pasteurization of the jambolan pulp, with the purpose to inactivate the enzymes, the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity retention. Physical analyses: transverse length (2,49cm), longitudinal length (1,68cm) and percent yield (57,22%); and physicochemical: moisture (89.43%) ash (0.27%), lipid (0.23%), protein (0.72%), acidity (5.99% citric ac.), soluble solids (9,17 ° Brix), pH (3.34), total phenolic (182.01 mgGAE.100g-1), total anthocyanin (93.56 mg.100g-1) and antioxidant activity by DPPH method (EC50 = 4552.26 g / gDPPH) and ABTS (18,48 μMTrolox / g) were performed. Due to a resistance while trying to flow the jambolan pulp in the pasteurizer pipes, the pulp was diluted and complied with the national legislation (Brasil, 2003) for tropical juice. The methodology used was a central composite design (2²), using as independent variables: temperature (°C) and time (s), and as response variables: total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanin, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) and enzymatic activity (POD and PPO). The enzymes of the jambolan tropical juice were completely inactivated, except for POD in the test treated with 85ºC/39sec. The independent variables and the interaction of them didn’t influence significantly at 95% of confidence level in the results obtained to generate predictive models of the characteristics evaluated, except for the total phenolic content. The best condition to obtain a maximum retention of the compounds analyzed and the complete inactivation of the enzymes was the temperature 92ºC and time 70sec for tropical juice of jambolan which was pasteurized.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Planejamento e desenvolvimento de derivados do muscimol com propriedades antioxidantes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-09) SOUSA, Alanna Crystine Lima Farias de; BORGES, Rosivaldo dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4783661132100859; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-7573
Muscimole is a psychoactive izoxazole compound extracted from mushrooms of the genus Amanita muscaria has been studied as a GABA inhibitor due to behavioral genes, since its structural structure is based on mammalian neurotransmitters GABA and glutamic acid. Due to its high selectivity and its own potential for neural activity, it is able to act as a drug, since it has a higher affinity for the GABAA receptor than GABA. Since the 1980s studies suggesting that GABA and muscimol are related to serotonin concentration, where increased GABA concentration or muscimol injection increases serotonin concentration and decreases inactive product after serotonin. oxidation, 5-HIAA. For this reason, this work aimed to plan and develop muscimol derivatives as an alternative for increase the serotonin using antioxidant activity. For this reason, this work aimed to plan and develop muscimole derivatives as an alternative for the treatment of anxiety and depression. For this, was used the drug planning method known as bioisosterism, which is characterized by being compounds or subunits of bioactive substances with similar structural characteristics, as well as similar physical and chemical properties with the ability to present analogous biological properties, can be agonists or antagonists. Firstly, a study was made of the groups that are responsible for the biological activity through the muscimole pharmacophores, where the groups that interact with the GABAA receptor are the -NH2 groupings, the isoxazole ring, as well as the oxygen present in the carbonyl. Then molecular modeling was performed, which was performed using the DFT B3LYP 6-311G (2d, 2p) method to verify the values of HOMO, LUMO, GAP, ionization potential (IP), bond energy dissociation, hydrogen atom transfer and single electron transfer, where it was found that the derivative S1 presented values equal -7.61 eV, -1.36 eV, -6.25 eV, 205.87.85 kcal/mol, 80.81 kcal/mol, -15.45 kcal/mol e -6.99 kcal/mol, respectively. The derivative S2 presented values of -6.80 eV, -1.08 eV, 5.72 eV, 198.41 kcal/mol, 77.73 kcal/mol, -18.53 kcal/mol e -0.47 kcal/mol, respectively. When compared with GABA, it was found that they are reactive, among which derivative S2 is more reactive, presenting lower GAP value compared to S1, and with PI values, it was found that derivative S1 has a lower electron donor capacity than derivative S2, highlighting that the best route is through the hydrogen donation mechanism. Then, the regioisomers derivatives were synthesized with a yield for S1 and S2 of 74,08% and 60,42%, respectively, as well as characterization through the melting point, where the derivative S1 had equal melting point. at 114,5 ° C - 115 ° C and S2, 182,5 ° C, showing that the synthesized molecules are pure, since they were compared with the data in the literature. With these data it is possible to say that muscimol derivatives have high antioxidant activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Secagem de açaí branco por liofilização e em leito de jorro: influência da concentração e de diferentes agentes carreadores nas características físicas, químicas, bioativas e colorimétricas do pó obtido
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-05) BARROS, Hellen Carvalho; COSTA, Cristiane Maria Leal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0581730621014796; FARIA, Lênio José Guerreiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7428609361678173; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9534-9998
The objective of this study was to analyze how the use of four different carrier agents (modified starch, gum arabic, maltodextrin and hydrolyzed collagen) and different concentrations (10, 20 and 30%) influence the white açaí powder produced by lyophilization and in a bed of gush. Yield, moisture, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, hygroscopicity, solubility, fluidity, color, chemical structure, and morphology were the responses evaluated. In freeze-drying, the yield of the process (≥ 75.40%) and the moisture content of white açaí powder (≤ 4.93 g 100 g- 1) did not differ statistically (p ≤ 0.05), regardless of the agent carrier used. In spouted bed drying, the addition of modified starch or hydrolyzed collagen promoted higher process yield (≥ 42.70%). However, the white açaí produced with hydrolyzed collagen was the only one that had a moisture content ≥ 6.00 g 100 g-1. In both drying processes, powders produced with modified starch were less soluble (≤ 48.96%), despite low hygroscopicity (≤ 13.73 g 100 g-1). Samples produced with maltodextrin or gum arabic showed higher levels of total polyphenols (≥ 8.52 mg EAG g-1) and antioxidant activity (≥ 42.75 μmol ET g-1). In addition, they were more soluble (≥ 94.36%), fluid (11 to 15% according to the carr index), and better preserved the original color of the pulp to the detriment of other formulations. The chemical structure of white açaí powders obtained with different carrier agents was like that of the pulp, indicating efficient encapsulation of bioactive compounds and good preservation of functional groups present in the original raw material, even after drying processes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Teor de pilocarpina em extratos das folhas de jaborandi (pilocarpus microphyllus stapf ex wardleworth) obtidos via extração supercrítica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-04) BEZERRA, Priscila do Nascimento; FERREIRA, Gracialda Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4250668524181387; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; ttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-6580
Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf ex Wardleworth, known as jaborandi, is one of the few natural sources of alkaloid pilocarpine, which is obtained through aggressive methodologies to the environment. Thus, there is a need for scientific research to obtain this compound without pleasing the environment, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). In the development of this research, SFE was performed by CO2 and CO2 + EtOH, which were conducted with 40 and 60 ºC at 200, 290, and 420 bar pressure. The use of cosolvent and the increase in the pressure and temperature increased the mass yield and the polar compounds contents, such as pilocarpine and phenolic compounds. The highest values of mass yield (4.78±0.38%), pilocarpine content (2.37±0.02 % wt of pilocarpine/wt of extract x 100), and phenolic compounds content (173.67±1.5 mg GAE/g of extract) were obtained at the same condition (60 ºC/420 bar with CO2 + 10 % EtOH). The only difference was found in the antioxidant activity, which achieved its best performance at 40 ºC/ 200 bar with CO2 + 10 % EtOH, however, it achieved its most promising results in the samples obtained with cosolvent, as well as the best results in mass yield, pilocarpine content, and phenolic compounds content. The extraction condition with the highest pilocarpine content was used to perform the kinetics and the curve obtained was adjusted in the Sovová (2012) model, showing a good fit.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso de métodos não convencionais visando a obtenção de extratos naturais enriquecidos de biomoléculas a partir de rejeitos vegetais descartados em feiras livres
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-16) MELO, Giselle Cristine da Silva; RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7524720020580309