Navegando por Assunto "Bahia - Estado"

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Atores, canais de comercialização e consumo da mangaba no nordeste brasileiro
(2008-03) MOTA, Dalva Maria da; SCHMITZ, Heribert; SILVA JÚNIOR, Josué Francisco da
The aim of this article is to analyse the processes which begins from raw material extraction to the consumption of mangaba, emphazising different actors, their relationships, marketing channels, and consumption characteristics. The research was carried out in the Northeast of Brazil (Brazilian states of Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe and Pernambuco) using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The main results indicated weak domestication of mangaba trees to attend to an increasing market demand, and threats to extractivism by external factors.
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Caracterização mineralógica de azulejos de Salvador e Belém dos séculos XVI, XVII e XIX
(2004-12) SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; OLIVEIRA, Mário Mendonça de; COSTA, Walmeire Alves de Melo
The present article is a study about the mineralogical composition of ancient tiles from centuries XVI, XVII and XIX, found in Belém and Salvador, in order to interpret the possible raw material and burning temperature. Quartz was identified in all samples. Other crystalline phases found are mullite, cristobalite, calcite, anorthite, hematite, gehlenite, diopside and wollastonite. Based on the probable raw material and probable burning temperature it was possible to organize the samples into three groups: group 1 - kaolinite and quartz, T between 1200º and 1728º C; group 2 - kaolinite, calcite and/or dolomite and iron oxide or hydroxide, T between 900º e 1200ºC; group 3 - quartz, clay minerals (probably kaolinite), calcite and/or dolomite, iron oxide or hydroxide, and T between 1200º e 1565º C.
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Educação rural e desenvolvimento local sustentável: a lógica subjacente das relações inter-setoriais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-12-19) OLIVEIRA, Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de; PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7038744359388670
This study aims to evaluate educational models generated inthe process of land occupation in the cities of Juazeiro, Uauá and Valente of the state of Bahia, not only in the irrigated areas but in dry land as well, having as guiding hypothesis the rural education as disseminating mechanism of information to the population and great mobilize of social, economic, politic, and cultural transformations of the communities, in the promotion of its sustainable development. The methodology of this research has taken as support the analysis of the social relation nets entwined in the process, choosing as categories preferences for the understanding of the phenomenon studied the social capital, local development, alternative pedagogy, school resume, and intersectorial partnership, through the splintering with the antagonism of the concepts of individual and society. It refers to a quanti-qualitative research founded in an approach of interactive character, where the speech emerges as space of negotiation of sense, and building of apprenticeship subject, whose subsidies added to the quantitative evidences allow the deepening of the complexity of the phenomena, its contradictions and relationship with the context. The analysis of data has conducted to understand that Rural Education in the areas researched live two situations: one, propagated for the public educational system which with the exception of some punctual experience do not care the interest of the people living and working in the field. The other, exercised by Non-Governmental Organizations which valuing the rural as space of life, form individuals with a repertoire of knowledge, abilities and values capable of mobilizing them in a transforming action.
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Estabilidade do néctar misto de cajá e umbu
(2007-09) MATTIETTO, Rafaella de Andrade; LOPES, Alessandra Santos; MENEZES, Hilary Castle de
The trends of the food industry are dictated by the consumer market and by its social behavior. Today, there is a growing demand for healthful food products, and exotic fruits are being used increasingly, aiming at the innovation. Cajá and umbu are tropical fruits widely commercialized in Brazil’s northern and northeastern regions and the development of products based on these fruits has proved an interesting option thanks to their flavor and functional characteristics. A mixed nectar of cajú and umbu was prepared and pasteurised at 90 °C/60 sec. The product was characterized physicochemically and its stability was evaluated over a period of 3 months, during which its pH, total acidity, tannins, total carotenoids, total and reducing sugars, color were analyzed microbiologically and sensorially. The results indicated good overall sensory acceptance (84.76%) and intent to buy (90.62%). The product presented an energetic value of 68.16 kcal.100 g –1, proving to be rich in tannins and vitamin C. The heat treatment employed proved effective for a storage period of up to 60 days, after which the sugars in the nectar began to display modifications and the product showed browning and fungal growth. These changes were reflected in the sensory scores obtained at 60 days, with the acceptance rate dropping to 65.66% and the intent to buy to 68.4%.
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Gestão coletiva de bens comuns no extrativismo da mangaba no nordeste do Brasil
(2009-12) SCHMITZ, Heribert; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; SILVA JÚNIOR, Josué Francisco da
This article analyses the collective management of common goods within the context of mangaba fruit collection; it focuses on the access to resources, the institutional arrangements and the social conflicts among the involved actors. The research was undertaken in northeastern Brazil and is based on observations, interviews and secondary data. The study demonstrates the existence of well preserved mangaba trees due to collective management.
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HLA-Bw4-B*57 and Cw*18 alleles are associated with plasma viral load modulation in HIV-1 infected individuals in Salvador, Brazil
(2010-10) SILVA, Edinete Melo da; ACOSTA, Angelina Xavier; SANTOS, Eduardo José Melo dos; MARTINS NETTO, Eduardo; LEMAIRE, Denise Carneiro; OLIVEIRA, Adriano Silva; BARBOSA, Ana Caroline de Matos; BENDICHO, Maria Teresita; CASTRO FILHO, Bernardo Galvão; ALVES, Carlos Roberto Brites
Host genetic factors play an important role in mediating resistance to HIV-1 infection and may modify the course of infection. HLA-B alleles (Bw4 epitope; B*27 and B*57) as well as killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors have been associated with slow progression of HIV-1 infection. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between serological epitopes HLA-Bw4 and HLA-Bw6 and prognostic markers in AIDS. METHODS: 147 HIV-infected individuals in Bahia, Northeast Brazil, were genotyped for HLA class I locus. HLA class I genotyping was performed by hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes following amplification of the corresponding HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C genes. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact and ANOVA tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS: We detected a significant association (χ2 = 4.856; p = 0.018) between the presence of HLA-Bw4 and low levels of viremia. Eighteen out of the 147 HIV-infected individuals presented viremia <1,800 copies/mL and 129 presented viremia > 2,000 copies/mL. Ninety and four percent (17/18) of all individuals with viremia < 1,800 copies/mL carried HLA-Bw4, compared to 67.4% (87/129) of individuals with viremia > 2,000 copies/mL. Additionally, we found a significantly higher frequency of B*57 (OR = 13.94; 95% CI = 4.19-46.38; p < 0.0001) and Cw*18 (OR = 16.15; 95% CI = 3.46-75.43; p < 0.0001) alleles, favoring the group with lower viremia levels, in comparison with those with higher viral load. CONCLUSION: HLA-Bw4-B*57 and Cw*18 alleles are associated with lower level of viral load in HIV-infected Brazilian patients. These findings may help us in understanding the determinants of HIV evolution in Brazilian patients, as well as in providing important information on immune response correlates of protection for such population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Inversão gravimétrica estável do relevo do embasamento e da variação da densidade com a profundidade em bacias sedimentares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-10-21) COSTA, Denis Carlos Lima; SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1870725463184491
The present method assumes a decrease in the density contrast of a sedimentary basin according to a hyperbolic law and has two objectives: (1) to estimate the basement relief of the sedimentary basin assuming that the gravity anomaly, the density contrast at the surface and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth are known; (2) to estimate the basement relief, the density contrast at the surface and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth, assuming that the gravity anomaly and the depth to the basement at a few points are known. In both cases the interpretation model is a set of vertical rectangular 2D prisms whose thicknesses are parameters to be estimated and represent the depth to the interface separating sediments and basement. The solutions of both problems are stable because of the incorporation of additional a priori information about the smoothness of the estimated relief and about the depth to the basement at a few locations, presumably provided by boreholes. The method was tested with synthetic gravity anomalies produced by simulated sedimentary basins presenting smooth relief. The results showed well-resolved estimated relieves. Besides, estimated density contrasts at the surface and the decaying factors of the density contrast with depth close to the true ones were obtained, indicating the potentiality of the proposed method in gravity interpretations of sedimentary basins. The method was applied to the Bouguer anomaly from Recôncavo Basin, producing an estimated relief with a maximum depth of 6 km, a figure similar to the one obtained from seismic interpretations. The estimates of the surface density contrast and of the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth were -0.30 g/cm3 and 30 km, respectively, producing an estimate of 4% for the maximum sediment compaction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência de HTLV-1 e HTLV-2 em portadores de Strongyloides stercoralis, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-12) AGUIAR, Samantha Assis de; SOUSA, Maísa Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775363180781218; BATISTA, Evander de Jesus Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2206444845201080
The Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode of humans that causes strongyloidiasis, a disease with worldwide distribution particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the existence of an association of this parasitic disease with Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1). In regions where both agents are endemic, the coinfection may result in the development of severe strongyloidiasis, because HTLV-1 causes a reduction in the production of immune components participating in the defense mechanisms against S. stercoralis. Based on this question, this study wanted to help and clarify the role of immunosuppression induced by HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in the persistence and dissemination of Strongyloides stercoralis. Serological and molecular tests were used to assess the frequency of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in patients with S. stercoralis treated at University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Belém Pará, in the period July 2009 to June 2011. In this study, we observed the frequency (5.50%) of anti-HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in patients with Stongyloides stercoralis. The prevalence of HTLV-1 (3.67%) was higher than that of HTLV-2 (0.92%). The analysis of the sample showed no statistically significant differences in the frequency of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 among men and women. At the distribution of patients with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 by age group, we observed a higher frequency of the virus among patients with older age. Based on the results in this study, we conclude that there is need for prophylactic measures to prevent the spread of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 among carriers of S. stercoralis and consequently prevent the development of complications resulting from the combination of these agents.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A relevância dos movimentos sociais de base na construção de trajetórias de desenvolvimento nas organizações: estudo comparativo entre o papel da APAEB(BA) e COOPFRUT(PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-26) SANTOS, Ana Virginia Pereira dos; BASTOS, Ana Paula Vidal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1992388595130579
This research analysis the performance of local social movements (association and cooperation) in building local development path, through a comparative study between an agave family’ production based association in Valente, Bahia (APAEB) and an açaí family production based association in Igarapé-Miri, Pará (COOPFRUT). Both associations were born from local associations APAEB stays for … years but COOPFRUT finished her activities by … Our main motivation was to investigate the reasons that led one association to be successful in their goals and the other to fail and die. The theoretical background is based on the concepts on endogenous local /regional development like family based agriculture, cooperation and association, institutional performance and social capita, trying to demonstrate that these strategies, when linked to efficient public policies, indeed promote socio-economic development in any particular setting. Primary data collection was base on questionnaire developed by World Bank on social capital. Data was collect with current members of APAEB and with former members of COOPFRUT. Both settings revealed high social capital, according to the questionnaire’s score. The main differences are in the level of human capital and the type of management one from within the group (APAEB) and the other exogenous to the original group (COOPFRUT). Thus as the social capital is similar, observations and main analysis showed the relevance of the role of social actors in conducting cooperation among members of associations (Fligstein, 1999?).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A resposta dos manguezais de um estuário do sul da Bahia sob influência das mudanças do clima, flutuações do nível do mar e dinâmica dos canais durante o Holoceno
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-09) OLIVEIRA, Nêdra Nunes; COHEN, Marcelo Cancela Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8809787145146228
This work integrates palynology, sedimentology, geomorphology and radiocarbon dating, as well as δ13C, δ15N, and C/N from sedimentary organic matter obtained by the description of a core (5,20 m deep) sampled ~8 km from current coastline, 2m above sealevel at Jucuruçu River valley, near the city of Prado, south coast Bahia-Brazil. Based on this core and previously published works, the effects of climate and Relative Sea-level (RSL) changes on Jucuruçu’s mangroves during the Holocene were detailed. Along the studied core two phases were identified and correlated with others sediment cores. The first phase occurred in part of the middle Holocene (7200 - <6950 cal yr BP), developed on a tidal flat colonized by mangrove. It presents a transition from C3 terrestrial plants to marine organic matter upward this phase. On second phase, a fluvial plain developed followed by a mangrove shrinkage and, herbaceous and ferns expansion. At this phase, the biogeochemical data revealed an increased trend to organic matter sourced from freshwater. The integration of palaeoenvironmental data reveals an important RSL rise, which caused a marine incursion inside this river valley and allowed mangroves establishment under a strong estuarine influence, this incursion reached ~23 km upstream during the middle Holocene. The RSL fall at the middle and late Holocene caused a gradual mangrove replacement by mainly herbaceous vegetation associated to freshwater plankton predominance up river, while mangroves and marine algae migrated to the Jucuruçu river mouth. A decrease fluvial discharge during early and middle Holocene most likely favored this mangrove migration pattern and estuarine/marine organic matter spreading upstream. In contrast, probably the mangrove establishment at river mouth up present days was favored by an increase fluvial discharge at late Holocene. Noteworthy is the fact that tidal channels dynamics have controlled mangrove distribution last thousand years. Therefore, this study allowed to identify and to describe the effects of allogenic (caused by climate and RSL change) and autogenic processes (conducted, for example, by channels dynamic).