Navegando por Assunto "Enfoque CTS"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de aproximações das concepções presentes em questões associadas ao ensino de química aplicadas no novo ENEM com as concepções do enfoque CTS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06) SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade; BRITO, Licurgo Peixoto de
The National High School Examination (Enem) comprehends the evaluation of skills and competences fundamental to the exercise of citizenship, one of the objectives of the Science, Technology and Society (STS) approach. This qualitative research, which also adopts quantitative standards, has the objective of analyzing STS concepts in the issues associated to the chemistry teaching of this exam, in the period between 2009 to 2015 (new Enem), and the factors that influence these relations. For this, it was necessary to analyze the content and the structure of the questions associated to the teaching of Chemistry, examining if and how occurred the approximation of these questions with the principles of the STS educational perspective, and what conditions determine the mediation of this relation of proximity. As an instrument for analyzing the questions, the Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD) was used. Among the 156 analyzed questions, which are pertinent to the teaching of Chemistry, 46.1% did not present an approximation with the principles of the STS approach; 32.1% showed an apparent relationship with these assumptions and 21.8% were associated with the principles of the STS approach. The results showed that the questions of the new Enem presented proximity, at different levels, to the theoretical principles of the STS approach.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
CTS no contexto do novo ENEM e do ensino de química
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-07) SOUZA, Jorge Raimundo da Trindade; BRITO, Licurgo Peixoto de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100592138044970; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8363-8971
The National Secondary Education Examination (ENEM), established in 1998, has become, over the years, the main process of evaluation of Basic Education in Brazil, projecting itself as an important element of dissemination of new educational values. The concept of evaluation incorporates a proposed evaluation of the development of skills and core competencies to the full exercise of citizenship, one of the STS approach objectives, through interdisciplinary items involving secondary education subject knowledge, in which chemistry is inserted. In this context, this qualitative research aimed to analyze, based on the assumptions of the STS curriculum perspective, the relations between the skills and abilities (C & H) of Natural Sciences and their ENEM Technologies (CNT) with questions associated with Chemistry education of this examination in the period 2009-2015 (new ENEM) and the factors that influence these relationships. The exploratory reading of documents and scientific papers on the Enem and on STS, as well as my teaching experience, allow me to infer, a priori, the existence of some level of approximation between the STS focus on documents and Enem questions. This perception instigates me to research how and to what extent this occurs. Therefore, we investigate how occur the approximations between the theoretical assumptions of the STS approach with the CNT competencies and skills and the questions associated with the teaching of chemistry applied in the new Enem. For this, we must ensure that the competencies and abilities have associations with the theoretical assumptions of the STS perspective, in addition to analyzing the content and structure of the questions associated with the chemistry teaching, examining whether and how it occurred to approach these issues with the STS educational perspective principles and what conditions determine the mediation of this proximity relationship. To obtain the information it was used three data collection techniques: observation, verification of official documents of the Brazilian education and analysis of questions applied to the new ENEM. As question analysis tool it was used the Textual Analysis Discourse (TAD). Excerpts from interviews with teachers question makers from UFPA were utilized to support the discussions of the results obtained. The results showed that whereas C & H Natural Sciences and their Technologies have a strong association with the assumptions of the STS educational perspective, the new 11 ENEM questions present approximation at different levels from the theoretical framework of the STS approach. The results also showed that among the 156 analyzed questions, and which are associated with the teaching of Chemistry, those with the highest occurrence are those that do not provide this approximation. We conclude that the affinities between the natural sciences competencies and skills and their Enem Technologies with the issues associated with the teaching of chemistry for this examination, in relation to the STS approach, occur insufficiently for various reasons, and factors such as for example, the educational model in Brazil, the traditional formation of teachers question makers and the little understanding of this curriculum conception converge for this lack of concordance. Although it is evident the need for greater linkage of the questions with the STS approach, this research seeks to provide contributions to a more meaningful chemistry education and provides a detailed analysis of the Enem chemistry items, aiming to subsidize the construction of questions with knowledge that get closer to the STS educational perspective, which constitutes a strong current trend in the teaching of Chemistry and Natural Sciences.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O enfoque ciência, tecnologia e sociedade e a aprendizagem baseada em problemas: possibilidades para a promoção da educação científica na educação básica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-12) FURTADO, Leandro dos Santos; BRITO, Licurgo Peixoto de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100592138044970; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8363-8971
Today's society is constantly impacted by numerous scientific and technological activities that need to be problematized, understood and resolved. Therefore, it is necessary to teach science in basic education to develop these required skills. Thus, this research aimed to understand and analyze the contributions of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) methodology guided by the Science, Technology and Society (STS) approach for the development of scientific education purposes and for decision making, from a pedagogical experience in high school. This study is of qualitative nature according to Bogdan and Biklen (1994) of the exploratory type (MARCONI; LAKATOS, 2018), which took place in a private school in a peripheral neighborhood of Belém, Pará, with 12 students from the first year of high school. The experience took place through a sequence of socio-scientific issues (SSI) that dealt with the topics, anabolic and cancer, and which were resolved through an adaptation of the PBL methodology. The main instruments used to compose the data were the researcher's personal notes and the transcriptions of the video recordings of the students' presentations during the resolution of the SSI. The main results were: the mobilization of biology concepts articulated with technological, social, ethical, political, economic and legal aspects; collaborative learning; and decision-making aimed at the community. And from these results, it is clear that it is possible to infer that the STS approach articulated to PBL has the potential to develop, in high school, the purposes of scientific education focused on scientific literacy, training for citizenship through the social use of scientific and technological knowledge.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O trânsito e o ambiente educacional na concepção ciência, tecnologia e sociedade (CTS)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-14) SANTOS, Alessandra Oliveira dos; MATOS, Maria da Conceição Gemaque de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3811282366596635; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3026-5141
The influence of the Science and Technology in the contemporary world is notorious, making itself part of many human activities. However the scientific technologic development has been causing significant changes in social, economic, political and cultural conditions, this influence doesn‘t ask only for reflections about development and social life, but also for acts of conscience and changes of attitudes about the environmental, social and quality of life problems related to this advances, putting itself in the goals of the approach STS (Science, Technology and Society). The traffic is presented as a global problem experienced daily by many Brazilian cities, in which accidents and disrespect to the laws are frequent. Working the teaching of Physic by a social scientific theme, as the traffic, in the school contributes to that this subject be broadcasted favoring the build of the citizenship and the re-signification of Physic, starting from real situations of the student‘s social context and accidents simulations in a miriti prototype built to this goal, involving them actively in search of solutions and constructions of new knowledge throughout the diversified activities. The researcher teacher and eight students from a public school in Abaetetuba-Pará make up the research subjects. This city was chosen because of its chaotic traffic and whom the subjects of this research are protagonist. The narrative research was the chosen methodology option in this research for the data collect, which were analyzed by the Discursive Textual Analysis – DTA of Moraes and Galiazzi (2016). The collected data shows the worked theme contributes to the upgrading of the subject‘s citizenship and reaffirms the teaching of Physic in efficient and noticeable form, making possible reflections and possible changes of attitudes in favor of more humanized traffic in any context. As regards the researcher teacher of this practice, there was a notorious trans (formation) in herself and in her teaching practice as from the realization of activity that contributed for her reflexive practice. As for the didactic product of this research, the didactic sequence, which has the prototype as protagonist and one more didactic methodologic resource, which able traffic accidents simulations, I consider that this work contributes to the process of teaching and learning, and it can be utilized in Physic classes and be adequate to new contexts, to new classrooms.