Navegando por Assunto "Frontier"

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Arranjos, lei e consolidação do império: aplicação da lei das terras e apropriação das fazendas nacionais do Rio Branco (1830-1880)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-18) SANTOS, Maria José dos; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372
This thesis investigated the process of application of the Law no. 601 of 1850, known as the Land Law in the Province of Amazonas and its developments on the border of Rio Branco. It was sought to understand the social, political and economic constitution of the subjects that formed the group of landlords from the creation of the Fazenda Reais and private farms, analyzing, afterwards, the creation of the Upper Amazon Region, setting up tents and the expansion process of farms after the extinction of the Sesmarias Law. Historically, the region of Rio Branco has undergone intense territorial and political processes of disputes that threatened Portuguese domination and, successively, the consolidation of the Brazilian Empire on that frontier. The 1830s and 1870s were marked by the attempt of land grabbing by the United Kingdom, known as the Pirara conflict in Rio Branco, and by the pressure of the United States of America that demanded Brazil to open up for navigation and trade on the Amazon River. All these factors made the Brazilian Empire expend different dimensions for other regions, more flexible with military and other people, maintaining them as allies to defend, colonize and consolidate the empire at the border of Rio Branco. In this context, the lands of the national farms, which belonged to the State, were gradually incorporated into the private patrimony of the military and exiled, as well as lands considered vacant, which were also public patrimony. The Land Law was not enforced, since, according to it, the only form of access to land was the purchase, but it was used politically by the Empire to secure the support of the local landlord class. This process lasted until the 1870s, when this relationship began to have another dimension, much more rigorous, less attached to the local elite and disposed of more charges, especially on the part of the Treasury over the appropriation of assets belonging to the Treasury as the lands of the national farms of the Rio Branco, clear indications that the Brazilian Empire in the borders of the Amazon finally recognized itself consolidated.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Capital, estado e instituciones en la frontera del estado de Pará: ¿desarrollo para quien?
(Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales S.L., 2018-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The main purpose of this article is to discuss the dynamics of the functioning of the Institutions, the State, and Capital at the frontier of the State of Pará, based on the logic of capitalist economic development. For this, the methodology chosen involved the use of the deductive method because part of the general, that is, the discussion under the aegis of the new institutional economy on the function of the State, Capital and Institutions and, consequently, the inductive method because it considered the It is worth noting that the new institutional economy seeks to demonstrate that markets are not as efficient - as propagated by the mainstream - and that state intervention can, in fact, including improving the situation of the market itself, provided that there are institutions responsible for establishing the "rules of the game". However, the frontiers represent the locus of noncompliance with the laws within an organized and democratic civil society, especially the Paraense frontier, still beset by remnants of primitive accumulation of capital. The main conclusion of this article is to demonstrate that a socially and economically evolved institutional system can help promote economic development by structuring the environment and stimulating the process of cooperation, innovation and learning, especially in the Paraense frontier , even though it is dominated by capital.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expansion strategies and capitalist development on the frontier of Pará: an analysisof the 1966 “Operation Amazon”
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020) CARVALHO, André Cutrim
Between1966 and 1979, in an atmosphere of conflict, the frontier in thestate of Paráwas opened, through majoragricultural and developmental projects that were benefited by the institutionalization of “Operation Amazon”. The centralobjective of the article isto investigate the dynamics of the penetration, occupation and advance of capital in and around the territory of the frontiersinPará, the basis of which, as from the 1960s, was “Operation Amazon”. Thischoice of theme was madepossible in that there wasanapparent need to demonstrate the dynamics of expanding the frontier on capitalist bases. From a methodological viewpoint, the research was developed using a deductive approach, sinceit seeks to understand the historical foundations of the dynamics thatestablished and expanded the frontier in Pará on capitalist bases; and, also, the inductive method,because it was considered essential to understand the particular, yetpredominant,role of “Operation Amazon” within the context of capital development. In addition, the present work will make use of exploratory analysis and seek as much information as possible using the qualitative research technique.“Operation Amazon” demonstrated that the frontier is also a social relation of production, precisely because the structure of this society under construction -in a social, cultural and, particularly, economic perspective -across the territory in which it is expanding, despite suffering some resistance, is dominated by the logic of capital accumulation, as seen in the contemporary Brazilian Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Frontiers and economic institutions in Brazil: an approach focused on the new institutional economics
(Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Planejamento Urbano e Regional, 2017-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The present article seeks to discuss the meaning (s) of frontiers in Brazil and the role of institutions in the process of economic development through the new institutional economics. Any pattern of collective behavior characterizes an institution, and as such determines the “rules of the game”. The frontier represents a socio-economic relationship of production because the structure of society in building a frontier is dominated (in)directly by capital. In Brazil, the movement to occupy land on the frontier does not usually occur through contingent smallholders, but rather through a mixture of different social segments, such as: migrants, “landless” males, farmers and entrepreneurs, all seeking land to occupy, to produce and to speculate. The main conclusion is that a developed institutional system may help to promote economic development by structuring the surrounding environment and stimulating the process of cooperation, innovation and learning in the frontier regions of Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Grandes projetos e a relação com os recursos naturais na fronteira amazônica: os acordos de pesca como instrumentos moderadores de conflitos em Limoeiro do Ajuru
(Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Pará, 2021-06) RODRIGUES, Suzi Carolina Moraes; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SILVA, Fernanda Kelly Valente da
Since the 1960s, the Brazilian Amazon has suffered from several territorial transformations, an immediate result of the process of institutional integration and federalization by the military regime. The impacts caused by this development model, based on large enterprises, fell upon the social environment, directly affecting local populations and traditional peoples, as well as on the environment, by causing a series of irretrievable damage to the region's natural resources. The implementation and operation of these large projects on the frontier of the Brazilian Amazon, however, began to present a territorial dynamic marked by intense conflicts, particularly in the state of Pará. Fishing resources make up a considerable part of natural resources, which were considerably impaired by the large mining and hydroelectric projects, causing pollution of the water bodies, the silting of rivers and a decrease in fishing stocks, considered the main food-economic source of these traditional communities. It is in this perspective that the fisheries agreements emerged, acting as empowering instruments for the fishing communities and conflict moderators in the fishing territories. The fundamental objective of this article, therefore, is to understand how fisheries agreements may act in moderating conflicts over fishing resources, resulting from the implementation of large enterprises, seeking to assess the repercussions of this in the municipality of Limoeiro do Ajuru in the state of Pará. The main conclusion is that the fisheries agreements are capable of acting in the governance of the territory by strengthening a series of actions within the scope of sustainable management of fishing resources and local development in its social, economic and environmental aspects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“País selvagem”: os Mebêngôkre-Irã Amrayré e a fronteira Araguaia na segunda metade do século XIX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-10-14) SENA, Laécio Rocha de; HENRIQUE, Márcio Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9096024504515280
This thesis analyzes the relationship of the Irã amrayré (Mebêngôkre-Kayapó group) with the different agents of the indigenist policy of the second half of the 19th century, in the province of Goiás, which had as its objective the occupation and colonization of the valleys of the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers, with a view to occupying its banks and building a trade route connecting the north of the province to Belém, in Pará, above all through the Araguaia River. Based on the analysis of official documentation, travellers' reports, myths and Irã amrayré narratives, and in dialogue with the contemporary ethnography of the Mebêngôkre, I defend the thesis that the Irã amrayré were important historical agents in the construction of the Araguaia frontier, in the second half of the XIX century. This process, in turn, was experienced by them according to their culture, their historical experiences and their own interests. On the other hand, I also emphasize that the contact with the other (the kubẽ) brought about transformations among the Irã amrayré.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perda de cobertura florestal e políticas públicas em assentamentos de reforma agrária na Amazônia: análise do P.A Tuerê, Novo Repartimento, Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2023) FARIAS, Monique Helen Cravo Soares; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SANTOS, Cleber Assis dos; SILVA, Christian Nunes da
From the point of view of history, the Pará Amazon, the territorial correspondent of the State of Pará, has been undergoing a series of major transformations, especially in its frontiers. In the past, this region was a priority target for colonization programs and for the establishment of rural settlements, whose main objective was to populate remote areas of the country as a kind of geopolitical strategy. At present, however, the intensive land use dynamics on the Frontier of Pará indicates a significant increase in deforestation in areas of rural settlements. In these circumstances, inserted in the region of the Arc of Deforestation, there is the municipality of Novo Repartimento, state of Pará, which has 32 rural settlement projects in a total area of 5,596.5 km2. Among them, there is the Tuerê Federal Settlement Project, created on August 4, 1987, the first project installed in Novo Repartimento. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze, characterize and map the contribution of Tuerê Settlement Project to deforestation in Novo Repartimento, Pará, during the period from 1985 to 2020. The land cover classification derived from MAPBIOMAS was used to identify the deforested areas in Tuerê. The results are important to show the influence that the Agrarian Reform settlement projects have on the total deforestation of the municipality, evidenced from an increase of 1,448.73 km2 in deforested areas in 35 years in the Tuerê Settlement Project.