Navegando por Assunto "Macaco-de-cheiro"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise imunohistológica e desenvolvimento folicular após auto-transplante de tecido ovariano de macaca de cheiro Saimiri collinsi
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-11) SCALERCIO, Sarah Raphaella Rocha de Azevedo; DOMINGUES, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794753357251149; SANTOS, Regiane Rodrigues dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0500967766886604
The main objective of the present work was to study ovarian folliculogenesis in Saimiri sciureus. Therefore, we evaluated the expression of intra-ovarian factors related with the follicular development, inhibition and cell proliferation, as well as investigation the effects of pretreatment with vitamin E analogue, Trolox, on the viability and follicular function, apoptosis index, cell proliferation, vascularization and fibrosis after auto-transplanted of fresh ovarian tissue. It was possible for the first time imuno localize proteins expressed as: growth and differentiation factor -9 (GDF -9), c- kit/Kit Ligand and Ki-67 and confirm the expression of anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) in different stages of follicular development in squirrel monkey ovary. Regarding pre-incubation with the Trolox antioxidant, it can improves follicular survival after autotransplantation, decrease apoptosis rates in stromal cells, although increase areas of fibrosis after graft. Our results suggest that fresh ovarian tissue can be grafted and incubated without major impact on early follicular growth and morphology after subcutaneous autotransplantation for a short-term. We believe that our results provide an important contribution to understanding the process of folliculogenesis in neotropical monkeys. This knowledge is an important tool to evaluate follicular viability and functionality after cryopreservation of ovarian tissue transplantation and in vitro culture of early follicles, especially for animals at risk of extinction and women that are undergoing to chemotherapy and radiation with risk of loss fertility.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biometria testicular, caracterização e congelamento de sêmen de macacos-de-cheiro de vida livre (Saimiri vanzolinii, S. cassiquiarensis e S. macrodon) e cativeiro (S. Collinsi) em água de coco em pó (ACP-118®)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-24) OLIVEIRA, Karol Guimarães; DOMINGUES, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794753357251149
Recently, Saimiri sciureus taxon (squirrel monkey) was revised and some subspecies are now classified by some authors as species, for example: Saimiri collinsi, S. cassiquiarensis and S. macrodon. Phenotypically these species are well determined. However, information on reproductive aspects is still quite scarce. The objective of the first phase of this study was to describe and correlate the testis with the seminal quality from captive (S. collinsi) and free-living (S. vanzolinii, S. cassiquiarensis and S. macrodon) squirrel monkeys. Length, width, height, circumference and testicular volume were measured as well as motility, vigour, plasma membrane integrity and morphology, for correlation data. No difference was observed between the right and left testicles within species, neither difference between species concerning to testicular measures. Semen, which was collected by electroejaculation with rectal probe, was constituted by a coagulated fraction, a liquid fraction or both. Seminal quality was similar among species. There is no correlation between testicular volume and seminal volume (of liquid or coagulated fraction) in S. collinsi and S. vanzolinii. The second phase of this work aimed to propose a semen freezing protocol in an extender based in ACP- 118® (powdered coconut water), testing two glycerol concentrations (1.5 and 3%) for captive S. collinsi. The third phase aimed to test a semen cooling protocol without addition of egg yolk (extracellular cryoprotector) followed by freezing with the best glycerol concentration observed in the preceding experiment and apply these protocols, previously tested in captive S. collinsi, in free-living males from S. vanzolinii, S. cassiquiarensis and S. macrodon in field conditions. Semen from S. collinsi could be cooled in ACP-118® without egg yolk. The freezing protocol developed proved to be useful for semen cryopreservation of S. Collinsi, although requiring improved to allow better maintenance of sperm quality after thawing. The procedure proved to be also applicable under field conditions on free-living animals, providing very encouraging results for the formation of genebanks for species vulnerable to extinction as the S. vanzolinii.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento do dimorfismo sexual nos macacos-de-cheiro (Saimiri VOIGT, 1831)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) MUNIZ, Izaura da Conceição Magalhães; SILVA JÚNIOR, José de Sousa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4998536658557008
The squirrel monkeys Saimiri Voigt, 1831 are arboreal and agile primates with a relatively small body as compared to other New World primates. The species are distributed in the Amazon and part of Central America. Several investigations were contucted in order to stablish the taxonomic groups in Saimiri. However, the results of these investigations showed an amount of divergences as to the classification, taxon validity as well as the taxonomic status. In this genus, there are sexual differences with regard to the pattern of coloration of skin, size and form of canine teeth and in the annual spermatogenic cycle in males that characterises the fatted condition due to the deposition of subcutaneuos fat. During this period, the males present an increase in weight ranging from 15 to 20%. The present study aimed to analyse the sexual dimorfism in Saimiri sciureus, comparing the results with other five species of the genus Saimiri (S. cassiquiarensis, S. juruanus, S. ustus, S. boliviensis e S. vanzolinii). A total of 610 specimens were analysed from the collections of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ) and Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP). The age classes were determined according to the morphology of the dental arch described on the basis of the eruptive sequence of deciduous and permanent teeth. Data on chromatic characteristics were collected to analyse the preauricular patch of females in relation to the process of dental eruption, cranial morphology to verify the sexual and age differentiation. In addition, twenty one cranial measurements were perfomed using the Student t-test. There were no differences in the coloration of the skin among the sexual classes up to the adult age in any sexes. There were no differences in the coloration of the skin among the age classes in males. The blackish preauricular patch is an exclusive trait of adult females, however it is not related to ontogeny. The beginning of the sexual dichromatism of the skin is not associated with the rising of dimorfism in cranial morphology, specially of teeth. Macroscopic sexual differences such as size and morphology of cranium, morphology of face, bizygomatic distance and morphology of jaw could be observed from the subadult age. The findings indicated that the sexual dimorfism for the species analysed is better observed in the variables related to the mastigatory apparatus. Moreover, sexual differences in the mophology of cranial bones could be clearly identified among subadult individuals of any taxon. The males were bigger than females from the subadult age onwards and the most conspicuous characteristic of the sexual dimorfism is the cranium length. The species differ from each other because they presented an exclusive or a group of morphometric variables demonstrating the sexual dimorfism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dos galhos às grades: cotidiano e relações interespécies no “Bosque”. Reflexões sobre as interações face a face entre humanos e macacos-de-cheiro (Saimiri sciureus sciureus) na cidade (Belém-PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08) SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; SILVA, Matheus Henrique Pereira da
Based on the etnographic experience in the zoo of Bosque Rodrigues Alves, in the city of Belém (PA), we focus on the relationships between humans and non-humans, specifically the daily interactions between carers, biologists, veterinarians and the primate specie known as squirrel monkey (mico-de-cheiro) (Saimiri sciureus sciureus), as well as the interactions with the visitors and passersby that walk in and around the green area, involving the care for the animals’ well-being, in this case the fauna team, and even the relationships of commensalism, allowing multisensorial experiences between humans and monkeys, pointing to the displacement of perspectives and attitudes towards the non-humans in the urban Amazônia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia alimentar de Saimiri macrodon (Elliot, 1907) (Primates: Cebidae) em floresta de várzea na Amazônia Central
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-20) LAUTON, Denise Costa Rebouças; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3377799793942627
The availability of fruits in the Amazon floodplain forests is seasonal what demand from frugivorous adaptive strategies to ensure their survival in periods of fruit scarcity. In this scenario we evaluated the diet, activity patterns and the use of space by Saimiri macrodon during periods of higher (aquatic phase) and lower (terrestrial phase) fruit availability in the várzea forest of Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Brazil. Social units were followed and the behavior of the animals was recorded through scan sampling method within two minutes between eight-minute intervals. Saimiri macrodon presented faunivorous-frugivorous diet, and arthropods were important in the diet during both ecosystem phases (59.5% of the records; N = 899), despite the highest consumption during the terrestrial phase (t = 3.40, df = 41; p = 0.001). In the aquatic phase, S. macrodon consumed an average of 29 fruits more than in the terrestrial phase. Fruits of Ficus species were the most consumed in both phases, demonstrating the relevance of this genus to S. macrodon, especially during the period of greater fruit scarcity. The general activity budget followed the common pattern of squirrel monkeys, with the predominance of travelling (56%) and feeding (23%), and the rest of the records distributed among social interactions (6%) resting (< 1,0%) and others (7,5%). Among the activities, social interactions, resting and food were the only ones that showed a significant difference between the phases, having been both more frequent during the aquatic phase, in which fruit availability is higher. In both phases, S. macrodon occupied the low várzea more often and fed mainly on medium (55.8%) and high (35.8%) forest vertical strata. The results are similar to other studies on squirrel monkeys, which indicate typical genus behavior patterns though, S. macrodon, different of the expected, has used mostly the medium and high strata of the canopy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia alimentar de Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis (Lesson, 1840) (Primates, Cebidae) em florestas de várzea da Amazônia central brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-12) ARAUJO, Michele; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia, comportamento e associações poliespecíficas do macaco-de-cheiro (Saimiri sciureus), Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) MAGALHÃES, Tatyana Pinheiro; LOPES, Maria Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3377799793942627
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão taxonômica e filogenômica de Saimiri Voigt, 1831 (Primates, Cebidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07) MERCÊS, Michelle Pinto; LYNCH, Jessica Ward; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4735211013363847; SILVA JÚNIOR, José de Sousa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4998536658557008
Squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri Voigt, 1831) are small Neotropical primates (650-1200g). They are widely distributed in the Amazon Basin and have two taxa that occur in Central America. Although it is a frequentely used group in biomedical research, there is still a great divergence in the number of recognized species, ranging from 2 to 12 taxa. Recently several papers have been published using mitochondrial DNA to understand the origin and diversification of Saimiri, as well as the relationship between species. However, even after these publications, diversity and intra-generic relationship still present divergences, with no cogruence between morphological and genetic data. The present study aimed to propose a phylogenetic hypothesis for Saimiri from the double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq), as well as to review Saimiri, defining the species that make up the genus, as well as its distribution. This thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first, “Phylogenomics of Amazon squirrel monkeys (Saimiri; Primates; Cebidae)”, we use 44 tissue samples and 6 blood samples to obtain ddRADseq molecular phylogeny through Maximum Likelihood analysis and a time-calibrated tree from BEAST. We verified the relationship between the studied populations with the Bayesian cluster analysis of STRUCTURE. Our results recovered the monophyly between the Gothic and Roman groups, our trees recovered ten lineages within Saimiri of the Amazon Basin. In addition, we confirm that intra-generic diversification is recent and has occurred in the Pleistocene epoch. In the second chapter, “How many squirrel monkey (Saimiri Voigt, 1831) species are there? A morphological diagnosis and refined mapping of geographical distribution”, we analyzed 887 specimens of all currently recognized species and 18 types, representing almost the entire geographic distribution of the group, we also included the phylogenomic data obtained in the first chapter. Our results support the existence of two morphological groups (Gothic and Roman) and the recognition of thirteen species with one new species. For each of them are presented synonymy, type material, type locality, diagnosis, variation, comparison with other species, distribution, remarks, conservation status and specimens examined. In the third chapter, “New records of Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916 (Cebidae, Primates), with comments on habitat use and conservation”, we indicate the expansion of geographic distribution of the Collins’ squirrel monkey (Saimiri collinsi), to a transition area between Amazon and Cerrado. We also indicated the need for monitoring of these populations due to the intense anthropic action in the region that reduced the habitat of the species in most of Maranhão and northern Tocantins.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sistema reprodutor feminino de três espécies do gênero Saimiri Voigt, 1831 (Primates: Cebidae): observações macroscópicas e histológicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-18) LOPES, Gerson Paulino; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225; DOMINGUES, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794753357251149
The platyrrhine primates show variation in their reproductive aspects, their strategies, behaviors, physiology and morphoanatomy. Some of these variations may be consequences of the coevolution of the constituent elements of the genitalia of both sexes through sexual selection. Morphological differences may represent a high degree of specialization of the intraspecific genital organs, which entails a "lock-key" mechanism, which may constitute one of the mechanisms of copulatory and reproductive isolation, with implications in the speciation processes. In females, anatomical and physiological barriers within the vagina, cervix, uterus, uterus-tubal junction, and uterine tubes may be obstacles to male gametes towards fertilization and may influence the outcome of potential sperm competition. In neotropical primates, some morphological descriptions pointed out several similarities and differences between the components of the female reproductive system. Saimiri sciureus, Saimiri oerstedii and Saimiri collinsi were described in primates of the Saimiri genus. Recently, previously identified forms as S. sciureus and considered as subspecies of this, were elevated to the level of species. Among them are Saimiri macrodon and Saimiri cassiquiarensis. These species are widely distributed in the Amazon and occur in peripatria with Saimiri vanzolinii in the Mamirauá Reserve, Central Amazonia. The limits of the geographical distribution of the three species are well delineated, but the mechanisms that promote the reproductive isolation are still not clear. The possibility of hybrids and the progressive invasion of S. cassiquiarensis in the area of S. vanzolinii occurrence are of concern. Some mixed groups were observed in the contact zone between S. vanzolinii and S. cassiquiarensis. The absence of geographical barriers requires that segregation between these species be elucidated by other parameters, such as reproductive isolation due to morphological incompatibility. In this context, we describe the female reproductive system of these species in order to evaluate the possibility that genital morphology constitutes a mechanism of reproductive isolation between them, through the anatomical, topographic and histological description of the external genitalia and internal organs of the female reproductive system. We found that these species share many similarities in most of the organs analyzed. Although some important differences have been identified that may play a relevant role in the evolution of the components of the reproductive system of these species, these differences are not enough to compose a mechanism of reproductive isolation for these three species of Saimiri. Our descriptions provide important information that can assist in the construction of conservation strategies for these and other species of the Saimiri genus. As well as subsidizing the development of reproductive biotechnologies, especially endangered species such as S. vanzolinii, and elucidating questions about evolutionary aspects of the components of the reproductive system of these species and other primates.