NAEA - Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/1

Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 116

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As abordagens do comportamento de consumo cross-cultural e a visão diversificada do capitalismo: divergentes?
(Universidade da Amazônia, 2015-11) COSTA, Everaldo Marcelo Souza da; CABRAL, Eugênia Rosa; RAVENA, Nírvia
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O açaí já “parou” o carioca?: estudo qualitativo do consumo da polpa de açaí na cidade do Rio de Janeiro
(1999-12) GUIMARÃES, Luís Alfredo Chrysostomo
Esse artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada na região amazônica, a qual tem por objetivo estudar a valorização de frutas tropicais pela agricultura familiar, e dentre estes apresenta o açaí (Euterpea oleracea mart.), um fruto de alto consumo na região norte do país, principalmente no Estado do Pará, que é o maior produtor e consumidor dessa fruta no Brasil. Indica formas de melhor apropriação por parte dos agricultores na venda de sua produção. Sugere a agregação de valor a esse fruto, através de um processo de beneficiamento a ser desenvolvido a partir de uma cooperativa de agricultores organizados. Desenvolve a análise a partir da expansão do uso do suco desse fruto em outras regiões do Brasil, especificamente na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a qual já vem apresentando aumento significativo de consumo nos últimos seis anos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agricultura familiar e desenvolvimento rural sustentável na Amazônia
(2005-06) HURTIENNE, Thomas Peter
The article presents a critical review of theoretical and methodological concepts upon which analytical works about Amazonian peasantries since the 1960s have been based. The vision of Amazon peasants as shifting cultivators with low productivity who destroy their ecological habitat and are condemned to disappear due to the advance of large landowners (the model of the frontier cycle) is contrasted with the tendency for the consolidation of family agriculture based on more complex production systems, including permanent cultures, small animal husbandry and cattle. This tendency is more clearly evident in the Northeast of Pará, but has also been statistically confirmed for the State of Pará and the Northern Region of Brazil. This means that the hypothesis of the frontier cycle has limited validity for older colonization regions. However, recent research on borders showed production systems which concentrate on cattleraising in the South of Pará and on permanent cultures in the Transamazônica region. These systems cannot simply be classified as shifting cultivation but represent different trajectories from that of the Northeast of Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agricultura familiar na Amazônia Oriental: uma comparação dos resultados da pesquisa socioeconômica sobre fronteiras agrárias sob condições históricas e agroecológicas diversas
(1999-12) HURTIENNE, Thomas Peter
Na Amazônia Oriental, a agricultura familiar representa uma parte economicamente significativa do setor agrário. O enfoque dominante qualifica-a como uma agricultura nômade, ineficiente e insustentável, baseada no modelo do ciclo da fronteira (a agricultura familiar é expulsa pelas grandes fazendas de gado) e no modelo clássico de ecologia tropical da floresta amazônica. Resultados da pesquisa ecológica recente mostram que o modelo precisa ser revisado em vários aspectos relacionados diretamente com a sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar. Uma reconstrução histórica do desenvolvimento dos sistemas de produção de Igarapé-Açu e uma comparação com dados sobre outras fronteiras mais recentes no Pará mostram que, dependendo do desenvolvimento histórico específico da fronteira agrária, dos fatores condicionantes ecológicos e econômicos e das condições macroeconômicas, uma ampla diversidade de trajetórias relativamente estáveis do desenvolvimento agrário pode ser identificada.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agricultura no delta do rio Amazonas: colonos produtores de alimentos em Macapá no período colonial
(2005-06) ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth
During the 17th and 18th centuries there was a world wide expansion of different types of rice cultivated, more than the present-day During this period, Portugal attempted to transform the Amazon river delta into a rice granery , introducing rice cultivation in the state of Greater Pará (Grão Pará). The colonization of Macapá and Mazagão began on the basis of this rice production. This article addresses the issues relating to the supply of laborers required for this project and the manufacturing technology and commercialization of products employed by the Companhia Geral do Comércio do Grão Pará e Maranhão (General Company for Commerce in Greater Pará).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alometria reprodutiva de Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines: Podocnemididae) na várzea do baixo Rio Amazonas, Santarém, Pará, Brasil
(2012-03) PIGNATI, Marina Teófilo; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito
The body size of the organisms represents an important parameter, which may have consequences on their ecology, reproductive activities, evolution and development. Allometry relationship is the study of the size (or growth) of a body part in relation to the final size (or growth) of the organism. This study analyzed the allometric relationships between females of Podocnemis unifilis (Troschel, 1848), their eggs and hatchlings, and between nest features and the clutch in the flooded forest portion (várzea) of lower Amazon River, Santarém, state of Pará, Brazil. Podocnemis unifilis clutches' were monitored in the Tabuleiro da Água Preta during the reproductive cycle of 2009. The females found nesting were measured and the physical features of the nests were measured, and the latter were also marked with numbered stakes. The eggs and hatchlings of these nests were removed and counted, and their biometry was performed. The female parameters analyzed (straight-line carapace length and mass) were correlated with almost all the egg and hatchling variables, with the exception of the egg length and the hatchling mass. Future studies directed to the better understanding of how the environmental features influence nest features can be applied, being useful for more effective applications of management actions for the species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Amazônia: mineração, tributação e desenvolvimento regional
(2004-12) MONTEIRO, Maurílio de Abreu
This article examines the founding basis of taxation, royalty charges, and the concession of fiscal benefits, analyzing the compensations aimed at favoring the articulation between mining and the dynamics of socially rooted development. The author arrives at the conclusion that, in Amazonia, there are no public policies regarding fiscal benefit concessions that can lead mining companies to take actions towards regional development. Royalty rates in Brazil are relatively low due to unequal appropriation by the political powers rather than to microeconomic restrictions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Amazônia: os (des) caminhos da cadeia produtiva do alumínio
(2007-12) MONTEIRO, Maurílio de Abreu; MONTEIRO, Eder Ferreira
During the military government (1964-1985), the Amazonia has been the focus of spacial intervention projects sustained by modernization discourse. The action of the national State was marked by selection of areas which passed capital and infrastructure. Barcarena (PA) emphasized by the installation of the projects Albras and Alunorte, for the improvement and export of aluminum. They appear again as a priority for regional development plans in the government of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Lula. With regard to social relations at work, in the 90s, to the aluminum industry started to act on the basis of "flexibility" productive. In the speech, defended itself the largest quality of the service; in practice, There was a reduction of jobs and loss of wages and pension guarantees, as a result of changes in management.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de cluster da indústria de móveis de madeira do Pará
(2006-12) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; MENDES, Fernando Antônio Teixeira
It employs in this work the analysis multivariate technique on a varied set of data gathered by means of the questionnaires application in 84 companies of the industry of wooden furniture of Estado do Pará. The goal of the use of this technical is to reveal clusters industrial and her relations among variables of the competitiveness and of the cases (furniture companies) and then to select the nearest that form the industrial groupings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise socioeconômica dos sistemas de uso de terra por pequenos produtores agrários na Amazônia oriental
(2004-12) HURTIENNE, Thomas Peter
This article examines the dynamics of agricultural systems used by small farmers in the northeast of the State of Pará (Brazil). Its goal is to relate specific forms of shifting cultivation and extractive industry in Amazonia with endogenous processes of economic decision making. It has resonated on the system dynamics, and public policies, which as of the 70’s have focused on agricultural modernization and creation of permanent crops, thus contributing to the achievement of agro-ecologic and agro-economic barriers. Based on the new dynamics, small family enterprises in Amazonia have to cope with public and private actions, which undermine their stability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análises dos testes de cointegração e de correção de erro dos preços do café e do cacau no mercado internacional de futuros e opções
(2007-06) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; RIBEIRO, Mário Ramos; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
In this paper is examined the properties of individuals time series of the prices of the coffee and cocoa in the international market, by means of owed tests, regard to stationarity and tests for unit roots. The distinction between longrun and short-run characteristics in time series has attracted much attention in the last decades. Long-run characteristics in economic and financial date are usually associated with non-stationarity time series and called trends, whereas short-run fluctuations are stationary time series and are called cycles. Economic and financial time series can be viewed as combinations of these components of trend and cycles. Moreover, the existence of common factors among two or more time series may have such that the combination of these time series demonstrates no features which the individual time series possess. There could be a common trend shared by two time series. If there is no further trend which exists in only one time series, then it is that these two time series are cointegrated. This kind of common factor analysis can be extended and applied to stationary time series as well, leading to idea of common cycles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Beneficiamento local da produção extrativista e agroflorestal: o caso da Cooperativa Agroextrativista de Xapuri – CAEX
(2000-12) MICHELOTTI, Fernando
The main purpose of this paper is to elucidate the difficulties faced by Cooperativa Agroextrativista de Xapuri (Xapuri Agroextrativist Cooperative) to achieve its economical viability. Created in 1988 by the rubber tapers from Xapuri (Acre/Brazil), its case study provides an interesting example of an attempt to establish a local agro-extrativist production processing project. This project aimed to aggregate value by processing its members´ Brazil nuts production. The economical return of this iniciative, however, turned out to be less than the expected. Most of the studies dealing with the evaluation of these poor economical results identified as the main causes isolated socioeconomical factors happening in the production and comercialization process. Using conceptual framework of the evolutionary economy,this study pursues the identification of others structural problems as the primary causes leading to this bad economical return.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Capital social, redes sociais e inovações produtivas
(2008) PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes
Successful experiences in motivating local populations show the importance of organizing people and training them to develop innovative projects. It also reveals that communities in which people interact more frequently with each other and where social networks, on a whole, are well integrated, are more likely to overcome their limitations and to take advantage of their opportunities. This in return favors the development of strategies and collective tactics, increasing the power of choice and decision of the community members.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização do pescador e da frota pesqueira comercial de Manoel Urbano e Sena Madureira (AC) e Boca do Acre (AM)
(2012-06) ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; AMARAL, Lucilene Oliveira da Silva; RIVERO, Sérgio Luiz de Medeiros; SILVA, Christian Nunes da
Several studies about the ﬁ shing sector have been carried on in the Amazon, however, the majority of these studies are concentrated on regions near the Amazon river bank and its delta. This work has the objective to characterize the Purus commercial ﬁshing ﬂeet and the ﬁsher in three counties: Manoel Urbano and Sena Madureira in the Brazilian state of Acre (AC) and Boca do Acre, in Amazonas (AM).We estimate the ﬁsheries production and income. The results show that in Manoel Urbano (AC) lake ﬁsheries predominate while in Sena Madureira (AC), the diversity in ﬁshing places are lager with ﬁshers using lakes, river and creeks. In Boca do Acre (AM), the largest among the three cities, the most important ﬁshing plots are Pauini and Labrea areas. In relation to boats, Manoel Urbano ﬁshers use only canoes with most of it motorized. In Boca do Acre, ﬁ sheries are practiced mainly in boat. In relation to ﬁshing trip costs the results showed that variable costs are the main costs for canoes (63% of total income) and boats (73% of total income). The analyses showed also that motorized canoes have larger productive capacity per unit of effort (CPUE) in relation to boats.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cenários de desmatamento para a Amazônia
(2005-08) SOARES FILHO, Britaldo Silveira; NEPSTAD, Daniel Curtis; CURRAN, Lisa; CERQUEIRA, Gustavo Coutinho; GARCIA, Ricardo Alexandrino; RAMOS, Cláudia de Barros e Azevedo; VOLL, Eliane; MCDONALD, Alice; LEFEBVRE, Paul; SCHLESINGER, Peter; MCGRATH, David Gibbs
THE AMAZON is entering an era of rapid changes as new transportation corridors traverse the region, stimulating the expansion of logging and agricultural frontiers. The declining cost of transportation has important implications for biodiversity, greenhouse gas emissions, and the long-term prosperity of the Amazon society. To analyze this context, we have developed an empirically based, policy-sensitive model of deforestation for the Amazon basin. Model output for the worst-case scenario shows that, by 2050, projected deforestation trends will eliminate 40% of the current 5.4 million km2 of Amazon forests, releasing approximately 32 Pg (109 tons) of carbon to the atmosphere. Results from intermediate-case scenarios indicate that, although an expanded and enforced network of protected areas could avoid as much as one third of projected forest losses, other conservation measures are still required to maintain the functional integrity of Amazon landscapes and watersheds. Current experiments in forest conservation on private properties, markets for ecosystem services, and agro-ecological zoning must be refined and implemented to achieve comprehensive conservation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Changes in the relationship between society and nature in the Mezzo-region of Southeastern Pará, Amazon, Brazil
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2009) MONTEIRO, Maurílio de Abreu; COELHO, Maria Célia Nunes; SILVA, Regiane Paracampos da
With this work, the authors wish to show some of the alterations in the pattern of relations between society and nature, which have taken place throughout the 20th century in the Parauapebas and Itacaiúnas river valleys, as well as in parts of the Tocantins River valley, in southeastern Pará. This is accomplished through descriptions based on Coudreau's first-hand accounts (1889), transcribed in "Voyage a Itaboca et a L'Itacayuna", published in 1897, which depicts an area almost totally covered by forest. This is followed by a counter view made possible through the LandSat 5 satellite sensors, with images of those valleys in 2001, showing the consequences of society transformations and pressure on natural resources, and above all the dramatic decrease in the size of the forest, reduced to 52 percent of the 63,000 square kilometers analyzed herein.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidade de Belém e natureza: uma relação problemática?
(Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos, 2010-07) LOUREIRO, Violeta Refkalefsky; BARBOSA, Estêvão José da Silva
In an unstoppable and rapid manner, Belém is losing it’s urban green. This loss presents itself with unique characteristics when compared to other Brazilian cities, that equally suffer from the urban speculation and the chaotic occupancy of the land. The mango trees – witch are listed as part of the State’s patrimony as common goods and must be permanently preserved – are actually the most endangered species, no longer characterizing Belém as the mango tree’s city. Besides, differently from the other capitals, where the private sector has been the most res ponsible for the environment damage, in Belém, actions and omissions of the government to the city are more important to the deterioration of the urban landscape, it’s green areas and waters than the private sector.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Colonização japonesa, história econômica e desenvolvimento regional do estado do Pará
(2012-12) TAFNER JUNIOR, Armando Wilson; SILVA, Fábio Carlos da
This paper presents a general approach of the twentieth century economic history of the great regions of the state of Para, Brazil. It also analyses the more expressive events which has been occurred during the 70 years of the Japanese immigration to northern of Para, the poorest region of that state. In that region, the Japanese undertook the more successful collective entrepreneurial of small agriculture producers in Amazon, the Cooperativa Agrícola Mista de Tomé-Açu, which is the only effective local productive arrangement in Para.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Complexo da indústria de alumínio e seus efeitos em cadeia para trás e para frente na economia da Amazônia
(Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, 2011-11) CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
This article seeks to study the economic importance of the aluminum industry in the North to induce regional economic development and especially their ability to perform autonomous drivers of investment income multiplier effects, output and employment, as well as effective investment to induce the formation sectoral linkages effects called "backward" and "forward" in order to structure vertical supply chains, contributing to the formation of a true industrial complex aluminum linked to other activities in the local economy of the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Complexo industrial de alumínio e seus efeitos na economia da Amazônia: uma análise estrutural centrada na matriz de contabilidade social
(Universidade Salvador, 2011-12) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
This article seeks to study the economic importance of the alumi num industry in the North to induce regional economic development and especially their ability to perform autonomous drivers of investment income multiplier effects, output and employment, as well as effective investment to induce the formation sectoral linkages effects called “ba ckward” and “forward” in order to structure vertical supply chains, contributing to the formation of a true industrial complex aluminum linked to other activities in the local economy of the Amazon.