Dissertações em Ciências Sociais (Mestrado) - PPGCS/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2358

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências Sociais funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais(PPGCS) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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A produção de pequenos objetos de madeira: um estudo de caso: a empresa "Móveis Souza"
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-02) MONTEIRO, Shirley do Socorro Magalhães; ANTONAZ, Diana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7547028254641362
This research was organized around the production of a small wooden object, so as to try to depict its biography, from a point of observation at enterprise Móveis Souza, where it is conceived and made. In achieving the production of this object cooperate the owner and his son, as well as the wife of the former who manages the family business. Object creation, which means art to the owner, as well as the specific work organizatioen constitute unique conditions which are essential to achieve the production of such object. Moreover, the circumstances in which the owner starts using wood residues, and how this decision attaches environmental quality to production, which on its turn is the central elements connected to the invention of a regional production. The introduction of design in the state of Pará mediates the invention of Pará and Amazonian regional products.
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Análise antropológica da socialização das crianças no contexto social das famílias no trajeto do lixo no Aurá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) PONTE, Vanderlúcia da Silva; ANTONAZ, Diana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7547028254641362
This study looks from an anthropological perspective at the socialization of children working the waste dumps of Aurá. The social meaning and representation of waste is used to establish how families seek to socialize their children. Empirical data is used to examine how families pushed by extreme poverty migrate to the urban centers of Pará and how they come to be involved in the waste dumps. The study examines the social networks, perceptions and values which allow families to put their children in situations of juvenile labour and violence (or the reproduction of the social group and its survival).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
‘Aqui, a cura é de verdade’: reflexões em torno da cura em São Caetano de Odivelas-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) TRINDADE, Raida Renata Reis; MAUÉS, Raymundo Heraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0915136632611666
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“Aqui... a gente não vende cerâmica, a gente vende é cultura”: um estudo da tradição ceramista e as mudanças na produção em Icoaraci – Belém – PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-10) XAVIER, Leandro Pinto; CAMPELO, Marilu Marcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8338592541775616
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aventura espiritual: terapêutica na irmandade dos alcoólicos anônimos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-03-07) PAES, Anselmo do Amaral; BELTRÃO, Jane Felipe; ttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6647582671406048
The purpose of this work is to understand the therapeutic process called “recovery” in Alcoholic Anonymous (AA) at Belém, Pará. This group presents itself as a “brotherhood”, which seeks to welcome those it considers carriers of a disease, of physical and spiritual nature, the alcoholism, offering them support to achieve the so-called “sobriety”. The transition from a life full of misfortunes to a happy and useful one, in their conception, is possible through practicing principles of conduct, considered to be spirituals, which substitute the alcohol addiction for the addiction to the so-called “Higher Power”. Therefore, “recovery” in AA refers to the therapeutic process to which the participants of the Brotherhood are submitted and, in this sense, to a process to be administrated for the whole life through participating in the group. When an AA member affirms “to have recovered” or “to be in recovery”, it wants to communicate not only that it no longer ingests alcoholic beverages, but also that it participates in the Brotherhood, following the precepts as recommended. In this way, it is truly “sober”. This work found that personal “recovering” means more that not ingesting alcoholic beverages, because it entails sharing with the other AA members the institutional views on categories related to reality (health, work, family, sexuality and spirituality), accepting AA as a “way of life”.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brasileiros em situação clandestina na Guiana Francesa: uma etnografia das relações e representações sociais entre migrantes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-15) MARTINS, Rosiane Ferreira; RODRIGUES, Carmem Izabel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5924616509771424
This dissertation explores the lives of clandestine Brazilian migrants who seek socioeconomic opportunities in French Guyana. The migrants’ discourse is used as a platform to reflect on the field of social representations in this context as well as the meaning of cohabitation in a pluriethnic and multicultural society where social subjects construct their identities from knowledge--without necessarily knowing one another--and difference. This ethnography, then, focuses on economic, social, and identitarian aspects of Brazilian mobility, and aims to analyze the experience of undocumented workers, the obstacles they face, and the strategies they deploy to move in the city and obtain work, food, accommodation, etc. This study builds upon fieldwork undertaken with Brazilian migration networks between the Brazilian border at the city Oiapoque and the police control leading to Cayenne.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Buber e Weber em torno da política e da ética: o vértice da decisão valorativa como espaço para a dialogia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-09-13) GOUVÊA, Mário de Oliveira; MENDONÇA, Kátia Marly Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5325063796266136
Weber, as we will perceive later, assumed as challenge the attempt to point a rescue with respect to the possible corrosion of the politics in modernity, therefore at a historical time marked by the enterprise perception, a difficulty consists to make with that the politics assumes the vocation characteristic. Buber will assume the importance for the understanding of a bias it to act deriving of one another interpretative source of the politics, distinct of the classic traces of modernity occidental person, contributing decisively for the elaboration of the firmed ethical decision in a valor religious in the Jewish mistic and the Hebrew humanism. Which would be then the conditions it politics to assume a worthy relation with the ethics, in an age marked for the depreciation of all the values? Or in an enlightenment of conception, as to donate to the politics the possibility to inside retake the principle of the emancipation of the proper effectiveness, incorporating the necessity of “answering ethical” in relation to the face of the other? Questions as the pointed ones above are the foundations that had motivated this research.
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Bullying, vitimização e agressividade juvenil: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06) SILVA, Felipe Ribeiro; BARP, Wilson José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6546508090587542
This work present some discussions about aggressively youth, bullying e victimization theme in school of international and national context. It´s present a field research of the type selfreport about the theme in a public school of Belém-PA- Brazil. The work sought to evaluate the students’ view on the family care and if they suffer from domestic violence. We also raised the acts of violence and suffering, whether or not to carry weapons to school, beyond the perception of young people regarding their neighborhood residents an their possible reactions in situations of conflict or violence. The fieldwork was conducted between august to November 2010. It may be noted in the study results that bullying (although cases reduced) is present in virtually all series and the aggressiveness of youth is manifested in many ways found.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A busca de si numa religião hoasqueira: oralidade, memória e conhecimento na União do Vegetal (UDV)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12) RIBEIRO, Dilma Lopes da Silva; CAMPELO, Marilu Marcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8338592541775616
This article presents the results of an ethnographic study (based on the perspective of observant participation) performed by the religion known as Uniao do Vegetal (UDV), with the locus of the Metropolitan Region of Belém (PA). A religion native to the Amazon, the UDV is ranked as one of the three main lines of Religions of Ayahuasca, which, among other similarities, have in common the use of entheogenic tea decoction derived from two species: the Banisteriopsis caapi (mariri) and leaf Psychotria viridis (chacrona). Introducing methodological approach to issues relating to use of oral language as the only way of transmission of teachings, as well as aspects and memory settings for this group, the study investigated how these categories and their interrelationship contributes to shaping the worldview this group – as a way of contributing to the framework of research on religions and religious practices in the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
"Chacina do Paar": as dimensões do poder no universo policial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) ROCHA, Marilene Sousa Pantoja da; ANTONAZ, Diana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7547028254641362
In this dissertation a concrete event occurred in 1995 at a Police Office is analyzed. A young man accused of stealing a bycicle was humiliated and tortured by police officials. In retaliation five men entered the PAAR Police Station and killed the chief of Police and two officials. In continuation around two hundred police officials started a raid against these men, capturing three of them, who were executed without delay. This event that came to be known as “ PAAR slaughter” is examplary so as it allows acutely depicting power from police officials representations about their experience in every day life and borderline relations between them and criminals. Power relations uveiled in police everyday life are herein discussed. In the first chapter the aforementioned event is described; in chapter 2 police representations and categories are analyzed as means of structuring a thought about the world; in chapter 3; I show how police officials and criminals establish personal relations and in chapter 4 I discuss how the police officials impose punishments according to their own “sense of justice”.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A cidade vista através do porto: múltiplas identidades urbanas e imagem da cidade na orla fluvial de Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) SILVA, Marcos Alexandre Pimentel da; CAMPELO, Marilu Marcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8338592541775616
This dissertation focuses the constrution/mark of multiples urban identities in the context of Belém city in state of Pará, considering the different trajectories realized trough of Porto da Palha, localized in the south portion of the fluvial riverside of that city. Considered the urban identity as a continuous process in that are multiples experiences belong to urbe, beside the marcation of a material and symbolic difference in the production of a specific image of city. The Porto da Palha made a expressive locus for multiples identities construtions and a space belong to is possible looking a “marginal” image of Belém. Are enphasized the territorials and communities aspects of this process, because the same occurs in advers situation wich a colection of networks directed of the suplly of a local consuption territorializing in the Port. Besides, the interations and changes of experiences developeled between the diferents social groups as fairors, residents of port, “quilombolas” and “ribeirinhos” group producting in this space a form of survival community. That territorials and communities ties and of that materials and simbolics pratices seted with the river and are realized according in this urban route defined for this social groups, to come out another image of city, a ribeirinha city on the fringes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Como uma comunidade”: formas associativas em Santo Antonio/PA: imbricações entre parentesco, gênero e identidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-03) COSTA, Rita de Cássia Pereira da; MOTTA-MAUÉS, Maria Angélica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7861116876230464
This work examines the social, political and cultural relationship of a rural group self-defined and identified as quilombola. The objective is to understand how these social agents work out their everyday practices and develop associative ways in Santo Antonio village, at the town of Concordia, State of Pará. This analysis of the behaviour of men and women in this process tries to understand the interactions between kinship, gender and identity as a constituent of that social system.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comunidade e eticidade: uma contribuição à aventura sociológica no pensamento de Martin Buber
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-02) GOMES, Jones da Silva; MENDONÇA, Kátia Marly Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5325063796266136
Our investigation shall reflect upon the concept of Community in M. Buber, trying to approximate him to a perspective which we can denominate ethicity. Considering his respective contribution: the Dialogy, as the main source of every human relation. In this work, we are going to check specifically the way the author approaches the treme of Community in confrontation with the moden world and its depersonalizing and anonymous forces, above which, there is a homeless individual. In doing so, we are going to avail of the contributions from the classics of sociology such as: Tönnies, Durkheim and Weber. This way, we are going to in a second moment, analyzing the Community in the liquid Modernity from the theoretical orientations of Zigmunt Bauman. In his work, we are going to discern indistinctly the non-viability of community in a society where the individuality and the identity are fluid, and the only forms of existent communities are nothing but solitary communities. Nevertheless, we are going to the point we consider the decisive one in our analysis, reflecting upon the dialogical perspective of community, aiming to open ways to a more anthropological and phenomenological reflection of its concept, and, principally, giving sociology the important contribution of Martin Buber s thoughts. His perspective points to the Community as a means of dialogue, acknowledgment of the other, as well as, realization of the human being in the public space. On this consists our contribution to the sociological adventure concerning the theme of community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As condições de vida no trabalho e a saúde de professores de educação física do município de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FREITAS, Rogério Gonçalves de; ALBERTO, Maria Angélica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6573765054270368
This investigation had the objective to analyze the work and health conditions of the physical education teachers from city of Belem State of Para. For this, it was necessary to understand how the health of these teachers was affected by the precariousness of work processes in the contemporary capitalism. It was organized a theoretical framework to support the debate in question. Initially it was refered to the 70‟s capitalism crisis, which it was characterized as the Oil crisis. In the second moment, it was emphasized the policies of economical and political adjustments that reflected in the basic structure of the education functioning. The reordering capital demands modifications in understanding the education‟s role of a country, so it was showed how the most general policy affects Brazilian‟s education and teacher‟s life. It was in this budge that was analyzed, through the data found during the field research, the work conditions of these teachers having as variables workday, salary, number of classes, workplaces, etc. Finally it was analyzed about the teacher‟s health, indentifying the main problems such as diseases, work accidents, the relationship they have with the health insurance offered by the city hall, frequency of visits to the doctor, etc. This study was applied 22 questionnaires, 11 females and 11 males. From the 11 female teachers, 2 had participated of the interview. As results of this investigation it was possible to infer: a) the precarious work process of the physical education teachers had been showed extremely clear and with consequences for the life and health of these teachers; b) the violence phenomenon in the schools is a fundamental part of the precarious work process of the teachers; c) speech-language problems were the most visible one, besides mental illness. Through reading other searchers about the precarious work and health condition, it is possible to conjecture about this issue; e) The biggest occupational disease rates refers to female teachers, ratifying that in the precarious world of work this trend of illness is prevalent. It is concluded that is necessary the creation of autonomous spaces for reflection and action about the theme of teacher‟s work and health inside the public schools. But first, it is necessary to think the possibility of the formation and construction of militant teacher, which it can be the subject of these transformations. Then, it is the teacher‟s work as historical subject for the process of necessary rupture of the capital in crisis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cooperativa Agrícola Santo Antônio: uma ação coletiva bem sucedida no Município de Marituba-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-05-29) PRADO, Edy Silva de Azevedo Carvalho; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This research is about a case study in the Agricultural Cooperative Santo Antônio (COOPSANT) in Marituba City, state of Pará. The cooperative is a national and regional reference as a collective entrepreneurshipment in the area of production of hydroponic lettuce, ornamental plants and organic vegetables. The goal of the research is to study the selfmanagement process in the cooperative. For this were used qualitative and quantitative approaches based on non-formals and semi-structured interviews (application of a questionnaire) with the cooperated, as well as in loco observation. The work focuses mainly on the French School of Sociology of Organizations of Crozier and Friedberg that deals with issues such as power, organization and self management. Even facing problems such as conflicts, difficulties in enlisting the cooperation, among others, the shareholders contribute to the management of the organization, but it is obvious the predominant role of the president in coordination of actions and in the creation and modification of the operational rules of the cooperative. The power can be considered a force structuring the organization. The research identifies, in addition to the president, others in the cooperative that are strategic to it works. In conclusion we can say that the COOPSANT has a balanced self-management with an active participation of its members, but it is still essential the figure of the president driving the cooperative directions and supporting the decisions process in general assembly. The family participates actively in the form of individual and collective work, strengthening, buy this way, the familiar character of the associative entrepreneurshipment. So the cooperative members, even those who do not have family involved, say that the cooperative is a family business. The cooperative members are identified, both as a farmer, and as cooperating. The identity of the members creates a link between them and the organization to which they belong.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Das águas do rio, as mulheres em movimento na defesa do Xingu: a resistência contra a construção da hidrelétrica de Belo Monte em Altamira - Oeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06) PAIVA, Angela Maria Trindade; CANCELA, Cristina Donza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8393402118322730; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
The complex issues surrounding the conflicts in the construction of hydroelectric dam involving, on the one hand, the Brazilian Electric Sector, and on the other, segments of society such as indigenous peoples, “traditional populations”, riverside living, fishermen and also the populations of urban areas, among others, have been recurrent in the last few decades. To some extent, we can indicate that such conflicts arise from different and contradictory ways in which these segments of society see, experience and use the nature and their environment. Motivated by the interest of deepening the analysis on these conflicts in the Amazon region, and expand my knowledge, sustained by the interpretative matrix of making and anthropological thinking, underpin the development of this work focusing on the dialogue with twelve women who acts as a group articulated in defense of the Xingu’s river and therefore against the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam, scheduled to be built in the western state of Para. To this group of "Women of the Xingu" the building of the hydroelectric dam will bring environmental and social impacts, that they understand as detrimental to the entire region, but especially for women who lives in that region. In this sense, we wish to understand the peculiarities that elapse from this way of seeing and the meaning of world which leads these women to do this reading and articulated political acts in defense of the nature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
De “nascença” ou de “simpatia”: iniciação, hierarquia e atribuições dos mestres na pajelança marajoara
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) CAVALCANTE, Patricia Carvalho; MAUÉS, Raymundo Heraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0915136632611666
This study has as objective to describe and analyze the initiation of pajés (medicine men) at Vila de Condeixa, located in Marajó Island. The study and analysis were performed under anthropologic aspects. We also demonstrated through a ritualization process is possible to understand all hierarchy formed among pajés, fact that will define its performance in day-to-day life of the Village, calling attention to understanding that pajés extremely have for participation of women in this male world, where the masters reign sovereignly.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
De Awaete a Asurini: histórias do contato (1971-1991)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-11-06) SILVA, Ivana de Oliveira Gomes e; MAUÉS, Raymundo Heraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0915136632611666
The history of contact between indigenous people and national society shows the totalitarian practices undertaken since the sixteenth century in Brazil. The interethnic contact undertaken by the Brazilian State toward the people Awaete/Asurini do Xingu was made in a context that prioritized the occupation and economic exploitation of the region of the Middle Xingu through major projects, during the period of military dictatorship in the country. The contact was a way to control indigenous peoples through the actions of the state. The stories of contact are analyzed from the theoretical reference of Structural Anthropology and Analysis of Speech and reveal the persistence of colonialism between the years 1971 and 1991, after the advent of the Citizen Constitution (1988), which formally recognizes the rights and autonomy of indigenous people in Brazil. The practice of ethnocentrism as a radical negation of alterity remains until the present, even within the discourse of multiculturalism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
De caco a espetáculo: a produção cerâmica de Cachoeira do Arari (ilha do Marajó, PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-09-25) LINHARES, Anna Maria Alves; BELTRÃO, Jane Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6647582671406048
Artisans from Cachoeira do Arari, located in Marajó fields, in the State of Pará, they reproduce copied ceramic pieces of archeological objects found in stiff of the place. Nowadays, the objects are exposed in the Museum of Marajó, located in Cachoeira. The museum was created by Giovanni Gallo, Italian priest that arrived in the area in the 70's. The objective of this work is to analyze the several appropriation forms and reverse-significance of that archeological patrimony, the artistic and/or expository, the scientific and marketing, in other words, their several metamorphoses. It is worth to stress that the spectaclelization of that patrimony felt starting from the moment that of mere bits of Indians that lived in the area, called marajoaras, and that they cared the residents when found them in their houses yards, according to narratives orals, they turned tourist spectacles, commercial and cultural identification.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
De retirantes a aldeias urbanas: parentesco, poder e educação entre os Mundurukú das Praias do Índio e do Mangue em Itaituba - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-04) SOUSA, Walter Lopes de; CUNHA, Manoel Alexandre Ferreira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3672393814496872
This work is a study about two Mundurukú communities, Praia do Índio e Praia do Mangue. They are located in urban area in Itaituba – PA, Brazil. The contact between tribal and national societies, planted a lot of problems, prejudicing the social group’s own reproduction. However these groups making an effort to recreate their Mundurukú identity through Mundurukú language teaching in their Indians schools. This study was coming true during the Socials Science Master Program course of Universidade Federal do Pará, in Anthropology subject, from March 2006 to March 2008. The research was divided in two stages. The fist one consisted in researches in libraries, bookshops and internet about specific Anthropology texts. The second stage was fieldwork in Itaituba’s Indian communities. Two months were taking during the University breaking periods. However I stayed more four months before the Master Course start too. Twelve families representing 258 people were interviewed. The results of this research showed the Mundurukú traditional institutions can adapt themselves to the urban situation. A new social order was born due to the interaction and contact with national society. This new social order keeps traditional Mundurukú and national society features. In this urban context, despite of everything, we can see that the Mundurukú traditional institutions mainly keep marking their powers spaces that are still governed by kinship, by clans and by Mundurukú local leaderships ('cacicado').