Política pública de concessão de crédito rural para financiamento da atividade pesqueira e aquícola no Brasil

Abstract

The fishing and aquaculture sector in Brazil has great potential for development due to its characteristics. An extensive coastline and large existing river basins provide both marine and continental extractive fishing. On the other hand, the existence of fresh water and abundant land, relatively cheap labor encourage aquaculture. Add to this a growing consumer market. The main objective of this work is to analyze the public policy of granting rural credit to finance fishing and aquaculture activities in Brazil, from 2013 to January 2018.It also seeks to analyze in a more specific way the concession of rural credit to the North region and its impact on the increase of production. From this perspective, it is assumed that rural credit as an instrument of public policy aimed at socially and economically strengthening fishermen and fish farmers, with the aim of promoting the development of the rural environment, with actions aimed at increasing the productive capacity of fishing and aquaculture. For the purpose of this work, the data concentrated in the Central Bank of Brazil, based on the Rural Credit Operations System and PROAGRO (SICOR), was used as the information base, which is the system that registers all rural credit operations and the frameworks in the Program of Guarantee of the Agricultural Activity (PROAGRO), in accordance with the Rural Credit Manual (MCR) rules. The research shows that access to rural credit in the aquaculture production chain has a direct impact on the increase in fish production in the period, especially when it is considered that 69.38% of the financial resources were invested in the costing activity, this concentration stems from the demand for inputs such as fingerlings and feed that are essential for aquaculture activity that directly impacts the productive cycle. However, the gap in the statistical data of the fishing productive chain makes the analysis of the impact of access to rural credit on fishing production in Brazil very fragile, however, it is assumed that, given the value obtained by granting rural credit to the fishing sector that has increased production