Consumo racional da água: uso de sequência didática no ambiente escolar

Abstract

Water is increasingly showing itself as a finite and vital natural resource for human existence, as it is a substance that participates in most natural and industrial processes. Current estimates of use and inadequate consumption of this resource, considering waste and contamination, reveal that in a few years the world will face a significant deficit in water supply. According to data from the Ministry of the Environment and the National Information and Sanitation System, waste in the country is around 38% of treated water, in some regions such as the North and Northeast, an index that can exceed 50%, in addition to contamination of rivers and lakes that contribute to increase this water stress. In this sense, the research proposes to contribute significantly to the teaching of Environmental Sciences with regard to the theme of water, with the general objective of proposing a Didactic Sequence (SD) to

address the theme "Rational Consumption of Drinking Water" for assist in the teaching- learning process with teachers and students of the 4th and 5th years of Elementary

School held at EEEFM Izabel dos Santos Dias in Icoaraci, district of the municipality of Belém - PA. The research was carried out through the qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews for school managers and coordinators and structured questionnaires for teachers and students for data collection. This research was based on the conception of learning that is guided by a Historical-cultural approach to human development, based on the Socio- interactionism of Lev Vygotsky and on the teaching methodological proposal through Dolz Didactic Sequence , Noverraz and Schneuwly. The final results pointed to the need to encourage students to think about the environment as an extension of their life and that their individual and collective actions directly interfere in this process of preserving natural resources and the environment. Water should be treated as a natural, finite and fundamental element for survival, taking care not to waste this resource in daily practice, favoring its rational consumption. It is concluded that the Didactic Sequence is in fact an efficient educational product to address the theme of rational water consumption, as well as other themes in the elementary school space; in addition to constituting a strategy that values students' prior knowledge, which also helps teachers in working with the school curriculum, aiming at this dialogue between School and Community, as it contributes towards making a correlation and associating the problems experienced daily, whether basic sanitation, violence, misuse of water or its culture, within a larger world context that involves several socio-environmental and socio-cultural factors in the teaching-learning process of students and teachers working in Basic Education in the count.