Influência de fatores socieconômicos na percepção de níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão em atlestas de futebol feminino

Abstract

Football is one of the most widespread sports in the world. The female audience is gaining greater relevance. Mental health is an integral dimension of athlete well-being and performance and cannot be separated from physical health. The effects of stress, anxiety and depression in athletes can be severe and disabling. The assessment and management of mental health in athletes should be accessible for early intervention and improvement of the quality of the sporting environment. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the influence of age, education and paid activity on the perception of levels of stress, anxiety and depression in female soccer players. Data collection took place during the Paraense Women's Football Championship with 89 athletes. The athletes answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Portuguese versions of the following instruments: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism 9.5.1 software. To correlate age, schooling and paid activity outside football with stress levels, the Fisher's exact test was used. To correlate age, education and paid activity outside of football with levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, Pearson's chi-square test was performed. The significance index used was p<0.05. Age and education showed no correlation with the perceptions of the psychological variables analyzed in this study. The presence of paid activity outside of soccer interfered only with the perception of moderate anxiety symptoms (p= 0.0471). When analyzing perceptions of stress, anxiety and depression in female soccer players, there is no difference in variability related to age and education. The presence of paid activity is a factor that deserves attention because it influences the perception of moderate anxiety in female soccer players, despite not interfering with the perceptions of stress and depression.