Bacias hidrográficas urbanas : aspectos socioambientais da bacia do Tucunduba, Amazônia, Brasil

Abstract

The Tucunduba Hydrographic Basin (THB) is the second largest basin in the city of Belém, in Pará. It drains four districts of Belém: Marco, Canudos, Terra Firme and Guamá. It is one of the most densely populated areas in the city, with a population of approximately 200,000 inhabitants. This work aims to analyze the socio-environmental conditions of the Tucunduba Basin, based on the macro-environmental elements needed to understand the dynamics of use throughout the basin. The methodological approaches of the research included the application of a questionnaire to the residents of the THB, a calculation based on the local Urban Quality of Life Index (UQLI), a calculation of the Simplified Environmental Impact Index, an estimate of the per capita sewage discharge of the neighborhoods belonging to the THB and an Environmental Impact Assessment of the physical, biotic and anthropic environments in the 3 sections of the macrodrainage project. Based on the results obtained, the IQVU in the Tucunduba Basin is approximately 0.6, i.e. regular. In addition, the results generated through the simplified environmental impact assessment show that the stretches analyzed have considerable environmental impacts (either high or very high). This demonstrates the precariousness of the services offered to the population and highlights the fragility of local urban management. There is therefore an urgent need for integrated management strategies, the evaluation and monitoring of space, and the provision of services that guarantee a good quality of life and the environment.