Artigos Científicos - FANUT/ICS

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Estudo da estabilidade de polpas de frutas tropicais mistas congeladas utilizadas na formulação de bebidas
(Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2017-05) CARVALHO, Ana Vânia; MATTIETTO, Rafaella de Andrade; BECKMAN, Jacqueline Chaves
The aim of this study was evaluate two formulations of mixed tropical fruit pulps stored frozen (–18 °C) for 365 days as from the mixed tropical juices obtained from them: F1 - mixed tropical juice of acerola (10%), pineapple (20%), acai (5%), cashew (5%), yellow mombin (5%), camu-camu (5%), water (43.1%) and sucrose (6.9%); and F2 - mixed tropical juice of acerola (10%), pineapple (20%), acai (10%), yellow mombin (10%), water (43.4%) and sucrose (6.6%). Physical and chemical analyses and the antioxidant capacity were determined every 45 days. The tropical juices obtained were suitable in terms of current legislation referring to acidity and soluble solids. With respect to the presence of bioactive constituents, the mixed tropical juice with the highest concentrations of acai and yellow mombin showed the highest levels of total anthocyanins and total carotenoids. After 365 days of frozen storage, the losses of carotenoid contents were 2.80% for formulation F1 and 10.07% for formulation F2. As for the total anthocyanins, the losses were higher, 44.35% and 73.48% for formulations F1 and F2, respectively. In general, it was observed that frozen storage was effective in maintaining the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of the mixed fruit pulps studied, resulting, after defrosting and the addition of water and sucrose, in mixed tropical juices with good nutritional and functional quality.
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Perfil de utilização de repositores protéicos nas academias de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1999-04) ARAÚJO, Ana Cláudia Matos de; SOARES, Yone de Nazareth Gonçalves
The presente study was carried out in the first semester of 1996, aiming to evaluate users of academies in Belém, Pará, Brazil. Beyond vast bibliographic research about the energetic and proteic metabolism, sportsmen’s nutritional necessities and supplementation with protein and amino acids, a field research was carried out with the purpose of tracing the profile of utilization of nutritional suplements with emphasis on protein and amino acid products, considering sex, age and period of physical activity practice. The research involved a sample of 18 academies and 388 interviewees; 103 of then (27%) used some kind of supplementation and 45 of these (44%) used protein supplements. Among the justifications given for the option of using the supplementation, the “professional indication” stood out from the others. Comparison with technical list existing in these units, in which only 4 of the 18 academies included in the sample had nutritionists or doctors, suggests that the utilization of these products by physical activities practitioners may be inadequate.
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Impacto da farinha de mandioca fortificada com ferro aminoácido quelato no nível de hemoglobina de pré-escolares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-03) TUMA, Rahilda Conceição Ferreira Brito; YUYAMA, Lucia Kiyoko Ozaki; AGUIAR, Jaime Paiva Lopes; MARQUES, Hedylamar Oliveira
Objective: The impact of the cassava flour fortified with iron amino acid chelate was evaluated in 80 pre-scholars of a Philanthropic Unit of Manaus, state of Amazonas, randomly distributed in four groups of 20 children each, for a period of 120 days. Methods: Cassava flour was used without fortification (group zero) or fortified with 1, 2 and 3mg of Fe/day, corresponding respectively to 5, 10 and 15g of flour/day, which were given to the children at lunch time on weekdays. The equivalent amount was previously distributed to their families for flour intake also during the weekends. In the beginning and at the end of the experiment the children’s nutritional status was evaluated, being adopted the cutoff point <-2 Z-scores as a discriminating limit between eutrophy/ malnutrition, in agreement with the World Health Organization criteria, as well as being established as a cutoff point for the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia a hemoglobin rate of less than 11g/dL. Results: At the end of this study, children recovered from chronic malnutrition, and a significant increase (p <5%) of the hemoglobin rates, independently of iron concentration, from 11.4±0.9g/dL to 12.2±0.8g/dL, was observed in all individuals. The formerly anemic children who received cassava flour fortified with 2mg of Fe/day were fully recovered at the end of the research, demonstrating a good performance of this group in relation to the others. Conclusion: A double-blind study is suggested for the consolidation of the recommendation of cassava flour fortified with iron in the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in pre-scholars of the Amazon region.
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Avaliação antropométrica e dietética de pré-escolares em três creches de Brasília, Distrito Federal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-12) TUMA, Rahilda Conceição Ferreira Brito; COSTA, Teresa Helena Macedo da; SCHMITZ, Bethsáida de Abreu Soares
Objectives: to assess nutritional status of children in three nursing schools of Brasília, Brazil. Methods: in a cross-sectional design, a sample of 230 children (87.5% of 263) was evaluated between March and December of 2001. Interview was used to gather family socio-economic status. Children nutritional status was classified according to WHO using NCHS tables. Food intake was obtained by direct weighed food, 24h-recall and food frequency questionnaire. Results: there were a 6.1% overweight and 4.8% stunting. Meals served in the nursing schools provided adequate energy percentage distribution for macronutrients. There were significant differences between children under and over 24 months old for total energy, protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin C. There was a high intake of dairy products, rice/pasta, legumes, table sugar, bread and margarine; medium intake of fruits, vegetables, red meat, poultry, eggs and cookies; and low intake o fish, offals, juices, tea and human milk. A precocious introduction of snacks, soft drinks, fast foods, canned and processed meat and sweet was observed. Conclusions: there was a high prevalence of excessive weight, which is consistent with the observed food intake pattern. It is concluded that educational and health interventions are needed to prevent non-transmissible chronic diseases and to improve life quality.
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Factors associated with overweight and central adiposity in urban workers covered by the Workers Food Program of the Brazilian Amazon Region
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-09) ARAUJO, Marilia de Souza; COSTA, Teresa Helena Macedo da; SCHMITZ, Bethsáida de Abreu Soares; MACHADO, Liliane Maria Messias; SANTOS, Wallace Raimundo Araujo dos
OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in male and female workers. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional population-based study. A representative sample of 1,054 workers ranging from 18 to 74 years of age, selected among individuals covered by the Workers´ Food Program living in the Metropolitan region of Belém, Northern Brazil. Health-related behavior and anthropometry were assessed. Fasting blood samples were collected. RESULTS: Overweight prevalence was 38.0% among women and 50.4% among men. Among overweight subjects, there were 6.1% obese women and 10.7% obese men. Multivariate analysis was used to identify social behavior and clinical-biochemical factors associated with increased body adiposity (BMI > 25 kg/m2 and increased waist circumference: > 80 cm for women and > 94 cm for men). Variables positively and significantly associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in men according to prevalence ratio (PR) values were: age (1.02), high family income (1.05), smoking (1.36), hypertension (systolic blood pressure, 1.41; diastolic blood pressure, 1.85) and hypertriglyceridemia (2.29). In women, the PR of increased body adiposity was associated with: age (1.02), alcohol intake (1.42), hypertriglyceridemia (1.44), diastolic blood pressure (1.65) and hyperglycemia (1.71). CONCLUSIONS: The association of overweight and abdominal obesity with social behavior variables should be corrected with preventive and educational measures. Furthermore, association of overweight and abdominal obesity with clinical and biochemical variables places the urban workers from the Amazon region assisted by the Workers´ Food Program at a possible risk for morbidity and mortality from increased body adiposity.
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Trend of the risk and protective factors of chronic diseases in adolescents, National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2009 e 2012)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) MALTA, Deborah Carvalho; ANDREAZZI, Marco Antonio Ratzsch de; OLIVEIRA-CAMPOS, Maryane; ARAÚJO, Silvania Suely Caribé de; SÁ, Naíza Nayla Bandeira de; MOURA, Lenildo de; DIAS, Antonio José Ribeiro; CRESPO, Claudio Dutra; SILVA JÚNIOR, Jarbas Barbosa da
OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of major risk and protection factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in school-aged children in Brazilian capitals surveyed in the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey in its two editions, 2009 and 2012. METHODS: The frequencies, with Confidence Interval of 95%, of the following demographic variables were compared: food intake, body image, physical activity, smoking, alcohol and other drugs. Prevalence was compared in the two editions of the survey. RESULTS: The proportion of students who attend two physical education classes a week was maintained at 49% between 2009 and 2012, increasing in public schools from 50.6% (95%CI 49.8 - 51.4) to 52.5% (95%CI 49.2 - 55.7), and decreasing in private schools. There was no change in the proportion of students who watch two hours or more of television daily, about 80%. As for body image, there was no change between the two editions, and about 60% considered themselves being of normal weight. There was a reduction in the percentage of adolescents who experienced cigarettes, from 24.2% (95%CI 23.6 - 24.8) to 22.3% (95%CI 21.4 - 23.2), and the prevalence of smoking was maintained at about 6% (there was no statistical difference between 2009 and 2012). The consumption of beans, fruits, sweets and soft drinks also decreased. Frequency of drug experimentation was of 8.7% (95%CI 8.3 - 9.1) in 2009, and 9.6% (95%CI 9.0 - 10.3) in 2012, with no difference between confidence intervals, and the frequency of alcohol experimentation was maintained at about 70%; the percentage of use in the past 30 days was also maintained at around 27%. CONCLUSION: In the Brazilian capitals, the vast majority of prevalence of risk factors were kept stable in the two editions of the National Survey of School. These data generate evidence to guide the implementation of public policies to minimize the exposure of adolescents to risk factors.
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Anemia em gestantes brasileiras antes e após a fortificação das farinhas com ferro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12) FUJIMORI, Elizabeth; SATO, Ana Paula Sayuri; SZARFARC, Sophia Cornbluth; VEIGA, Gloria Valeria da; QUEIROZ, Valterlinda Alves de Oliveira; COLLI, Célia; ARAUJO, Regilda Saraiva dos Reis Moreira; ARRUDA, Ilma Kruze Grande de; UCHIMURA, Taqueco Teruya; BRUNKEN, Gisela Soares; YUYAMA, Lucia Kiyoko Ozaki; MUNIZ, Pascoal Torres; PRIORE, Silvia Eloiza; TSUNECHIRO, Maria Alice; FRAZÃO, Andréa das Graças Ferreira; PASSONI, Cynthia R Matos Silva; ARAÚJO, Claudia Regina Marchiori Antunes
OBJECTIVE: To compare prevalence of anemia and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in Brazilian pregnant women before and after fl our fortifi cation with iron. METHODS: A repeated cross-sectional panel study of public health care centers of municipalities in the five Brazilian regions was conducted. Retrospective data were obtained from 12,119 medical records of pregnant women distributed in two groups: before fortifi cation (delivery prior to June 2004) and after fortifi cation (date of last period after June 2005). Anemia was defi ned as Hb<11.0 g/dl. Hb levels according to gestational age were assessed using two references from the literature. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-squared tests, Student’s t tests, and logistic regression, with a signifi cance level of 5%. RESULTS: In the total sample, prevalence of anemia fell from 25% to 20% after fortifi cation (p<0.001). However, important regional differences were evident: while signifi cant reductions were seen in the Northeast (37% to 29%) and North (32% to 25%) regions, where pre-fortifi cation prevalence was high, smaller reductions were seen in the Southeast (18% to 15%) and South (7% to 6%) regions, where prevalence was low. Hb levels according to gestational age were slightly higher in the fi rst months of pregnancy and lower after the third or fourth months, depending on the reference used. Logistic regression analysis showed that group, geographic region, marital status, trimester of pregnancy, initial nutritional status, and prior pregnancy were associated with anemia (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of anemia decreased after fortifi cation, but remains high in the North and Northeast regions. Although fortifi cation may have played a role in this favorable outcome, the contribution of other public policies implemented during the studied period should also be considered.
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Avaliação da perda hídrica e hábitos de hidratação de atletas universitários de futsal competitivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10) SEPEDA, Tayana Patrícia Aleixo; MENDES, Rodrigo Conceição; LOUREIRO, Ligiane Marques
Introduction: In futsal, there is a large production of sweat with consequent loss of fluid and electrolytes. Such loss can cause various organic disorders including dehydration, capable of compromising performance during exercise and harm health. Objective: To assess the water loss and hydration habits of college athletes of competitive futsal. Methods: Data were collected on two non-consecutive trainings (A and B), in which the variations of weight of 17 male athletes pre- and post-workout were checked. Specific formulas have been used for the evaluation of variations. The athletes drank 360 ml of water 40 minutes before training, and other liquid intake and urinary excretion were not allowed. Hydration habits were identified through a questionnaire containing objective questions related to the topic. Results: The water loss during training A was 1.02 ± 0.28 kg and during training B was 1.18 ± 0.44 kg, corresponding in percent dehydration of 1.40 ± 0.38% and 1.59 ± 0.56%, respectively. There was a significant difference between sweating rate of training A and training B (p < 0.0474). The whole group (100%) used to hydrate during trainings and competitions; 52.95% showed indifference to the type of beverage ingested; water is the most consumed hydrating solution (100%), followed by natural juice (88.23%) and coffee (76.47%). The most important symptoms of the dehydration were intense thirst (88.23%), feeling of loss of strength (82.35%) and fatigue (82.35%). Conclusion: The evidenced water loss in training was significant, as it implies the beginning of dehydration. Most athletes have inadequate hydration habits, especially when compared to the level of understanding of the subject. It is suggested the strengthening guidance and establishment of strategies aimed at ratifying the seriousness of the matter and mitigate potential risks associated with heat.
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Associação entre excesso de peso e hábito de fumar, Santarém, PA, 2007
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12) SÁ, Naíza Nayla Bandeira de; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationships between overweight and smoking habit. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed in a random sample (n = 944) of adults (> 18 years of age) from Santarem (state of Pará, northern Brazil) in 2007, through telephone interviews. The outcome variable was overweight and the explanatory variable, smoking habit. Confounding variables were: age, race, schooling, marital status, smoking habit, nutritional status at 20 years of age, alcohol abuse, leisure physical activity, and diet. The association between overweight and other variables was investigated by the chi-square test and Poisson regression in order to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, for overweight according to smoking habit. Three levels of hierarchy were considered: socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional status, and behavior. RESULTS: Data show 40.6% of overweight and 16.4% of smokers. Variables associated with overweight were: older age, low level of schooling, stable marital relationship, overweight at 20 years of age, and non-consumption of soft drinks for both sexes; no physical activity in leisure time for men and smoking habit (present and past) for women. Prevalence ratios of overweight were not associated with smoking habits for men, but for women there was a trend toward a higher prevalence of overweight for current smokers, reaching 2.56 times more than among never smokers and former smokers. CONCLUSION: This study showed a higher risk of overweight among women smokers, comparatively to former and never smokers. For men there was no association between overweight and smoking habit.
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Parâmetros de produção de leite de búfala fermentado por Lactobacillus casei
(2006-03) PUERARI, Cláudia; BENEDET, Honório Domingos; LE GUERROUÉ, Jean Louis
Buffalo milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei was elaborated with different sugar concentrations and fermentation times, and stored during 30 days at 5 and 10°C. Acidity, pH and L. casei viability were evaluated in the different treatments. Milk fermented for 18 hours did not show adequate parameters for this product. Milk fermented for 22 and 24 hours presented adequate acidity and pH. Storage time and temperature influenced these parameters. The L. casei initial viability was greater than 9 log CFU mL-1 and the final was greater than 8 log CFU mL-1, with influence from acidity.
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Influência da velocidade de circulação do leite na adesão de Pseudomonas aeruginosa sobre aço inoxidável
(2009-09) FIGUEIREDO, Hamilton Mendes de; ANDRADE, Nélio José de; OZELA, Eliana Ferreira; MORALES, Gundisalvo Piratoba
The influence of the flow milk circulation in the bacterial adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated by simulation tests through a circuit model of milk processing. The circuit is composed of a tubulation of stainless steel AISI 304, with 1.9 cm of diameter, 5.8 m of length and a tank of 25 L used as the reservoir of the product and sanitizer solutions. The reservoir was coupled to a centrifugal bomb of ½ HP to impel the food or sanitizer solutions for the system equipped with 90º and T cylindrical stainless steel specimens. The speed of circulation values were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m.s–1, corresponding to turbulent flow with number of Reynolds 14.000, 28.000 and 42.000, respectively. When flow of 0.5 m.s–1 was used 10.7% the cells remained adhered, however at the speed values of 1.0 and 1.5 m.s–1 the adhesion percentages were 5.36 and 4.9%, respectively. These findings indicate a lower removal rate of adhered cells as flow decreases allowing higher number of bacteria to adhere to the production line, which can favor the biofilm formation.
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Validação de indicadores do consumo de alimentos e bebidas obtidos por inquérito telefônico em Belém, Pará, Brasil
(2010-12) NEVES, Alice Cristina Medeiros das; GONZAGA, Lidyane Andrea Amaral; MARTENS, Irland Barroncas Gonzaga; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative validity of indicators of food and beverage intake obtained from the telephone interview surveillance system (VIGITEL). A random sample (n = 100) was evaluated from the total sample of approximately two thousand adults studied by the system in 2009 in Belém, Pará State, Brazil. The indicators were protective factors (adequate consumption of fruit, vegetables, and leafy vegetables) and risk factors (consumption of saturated fat, soft drinks, and alcoholic beverages) for chronic non-communicable diseases. The telephone interview results were compared with those of three 24-hour recalls (reference standard). The reference standard showed underestimation in the indicators' frequency, except for soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The mean consumption frequencies were generally higher in the exposed group interviewed by the VIGITEL system. We cannot conclude that the VIGITEL system is not a good indicator of consumption, since the reference standard also shows limitations. Nevertheless, its use as a surveillance tool in Brazil is justifiable.
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Aumento do índice de massa corporal após os 20 anos de idade e associação com indicadores de risco ou de proteção para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis
(2009-12) COELHO, Mara Sérgia Pacheco Honório; ASSIS, Maria Alice Altenburg de; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
OBJECTIVE: To examine sociodemographic risk or protection factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) that may be associated with increase in body mass index (BMI) after the age of 20. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis based on data from 769 women and 572 men who participated in the 2005 Surveillance System for Risk factors for CNCDs, Florianópolis, Brazil. BMI increase was defined in percentage as the difference between BMI in 2005 and at age 20. RESULTS: Since the age of 20, most of the respondents had increased their BMI by more than 10%. In multiples analysis, independent correlates of BMI increase were: advancing age, low education (women), being married (men), not working, low self-rated health, high blood pressure, high cholesterol/triglyceride levels (men), going on a diet, sedentarism and having been a smoker (women). CONCLUSIONS: Health promotion strategies to prevent weight gain need to be targeted to groups and should mainly consider sociodemographic factors.
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Vigilância de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal (2006)
(2008-05) MOURA, Erly Catarina de; MORAIS NETO, Otaliba Libânio de; MALTA, Deborah Carvalho; MOURA, Lenildo de; SILVA, Nilza Nunes da; BERNAL, Regina Tomie Ivata; CLARO, Rafael Moreira; MONTEIRO, Carlos Augusto
OBJECTIVES: To describe methods and initial findings of the Surveillance System of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases through Telephone Interviews – VIGITEL implemented in Brazil in 2006. METHODS: VIGITEL studied random samples of individuals with 18 years of age or more living in households with telephones in each capital of the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District (54,369 total individuals, and at least 2,000 per city). Sampling was based on complete electronic telephone directories in each city and included random selection of phone lines (households) and random selection of the household member to be interviewed. The questionnaire investigated demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, diet patterns, physical activity, smoking, consumption of alcoholic beverages, recalled weight and height, and other topics. Prevalence estimates of selected protective and risk factors, stratified by gender with corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals, were calculated for the adult population of each city using sample weighing factors designed to equalize the sample socio-demographic distribution in each city to the distribution observed in the same city in the Demographic Census of 2000. Estimates were also calculated for all cities together using additional sample weighing that took into account the adult population size of each city. FINDINGS: The five selected risk factors (smoking, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, overweight, habit of eating fatty meats, and physical inactivity) were more frequent among men than women. Among protective factors, the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables was more common among women than men and the opposite was seen for leisure-time physical activity. Strong differences among the cities were found for all protective and risk factors, with distinct patterns of regional distribution seen for different factors. DISCUSSION: The performance of the system, evaluated based on the quality of telephone directories and response and refusal rates, was appropriate and in general higher than the performance seen in similar systems of developed countries. The cost of R$ 31.15 per complete interview was half the cost of the Behavioral Risk-Factor Surveillance System and one fifth of the cost estimated for a household survey on risk factors for chronic diseases recently conducted in Brazil.
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Validade de indicadores de atividade física e sedentarismo obtidos por inquérito telefônico
(2008-08) MONTEIRO, Carlos Augusto; FLORINDO, Alex Antonio; CLARO, Rafael Moreira; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of indicators of physical activity and sedentariness obtained by means of a telephone-based surveillance system. METHODS: Reliability and validity studies were carried out in two random subsamples (n=110 and n=111, respectively) obtained from the total sample (N=2,024) of adults (≥18 years) studied by the system in the municipality of São Paulo in 2005. Studied indicators included frequency of “sufficiently active during leisure time,” “inactive in four domains of physical activity (leisure, work, transportation, and housework),” and “habit of watching television for long periods.” Reliability was assessed by comparing results of the original telephone interview with those of another identical interview repeated after seven to 15 days. Validity was assessed by comparing the results of the telephone interview with those of three 24-hour recalls (reference method) carried out in the week following the original interview. RESULTS: Frequencies obtained for of the three evaluated indicators were either identical or very similar for the first and second telephone interviews. Kappa coefficients ranged from 0.53 to 0.80, indicating good reliability for all indicators. In relation to the reference method, all indicators showed 80% or higher specificity, and sensitivity values were 69.7% for “watching television for long periods,” 59.1% for “inactive in four domains,” and 50% for “sufficiently active during leisure.” CONCLUSIONS: The indicators of physical activity and sedentariness included in the system seem reliable and sufficiently accurate. If kept operational in coming years, this system may provide Brazil with a useful instrument for evaluating public policies aimed at promoting physical activity and controlling non-transmissible chronic diseases associated with sedentariness.
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Associação entre excesso de peso e consumo de feijão em adultos
(2010-04) SILVA, Sara Araújo da; SANTOS, Priscilla de Nazaré Silva dos; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the association between overweight and intake of beans in adults. METHODS: The study population was 2,352 adults (>18 years of age) living in Belém (PA), Brazil, in 2005. Sampling was done by randomly selecting households with a telephone landline and then selecting an adult in the household. The dependent variable was overweight, the explanatory variable was intake of beans and the confounding variables were age, education level, marital status, leisure-time physical activity and risky food habits. The data were analyzed by the chi-square test and logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 2,352 individuals were assessed where 39.8% were males. The prevalence of overweight was higher in men (49.3%) than in women (34.0%, p<0.001). Overweight was directly associated with age in both genders and with education level in men. In women, overweight was inversely associated with education level. The food behavior variable that best associated with overweight was intake of beans. After adjustment for the other variables, the risk of overweight was approximately 1.4 times greater in men who ate beans less than five times per week, but the inverse was true for women. CONCLUSION: The data show that better controlled studies are needed to understand the association between intake of beans and excess weight.
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Freqüência de hipertensão arterial e fatores associados: Brasil, 2006
(2009-11) FERREIRA, Sandra Roberta Gouvea; MOURA, Erly Catarina de; MALTA, Deborah Carvalho; SARNO, Flávio
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the frequency of self-reported systemic arterial hypertension and associated factors. METHODS: Study based on data provided by the system of Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL - Telephone-based surveillance of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases), collected in 2006 in Brazil's capitals and Federal District. The frequency of systemic arterial hypertension was estimated in 54,369 adults, stratified by sex, geographic region, sociodemographic and behavioral variables and self-reported morbidities. Crude odds ratios of hypertension were calculated, as well as odds ratios adjusted for the study's variables. RESULTS: The frequency of self-reported hypertension was 21.6%. It was higher among women (24.4% versus 18.4%), lower in the North and Central-West regions and higher in the Southeast region. The frequency of hypertension increased with age, decreased with level of schooling, was higher among blacks and widowed subjects, and lower among singles. The chance of hypertension, adjusted for confounding variables, was higher in subjects with overweight, diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS: Around one fifth of the population reported suffering from systemic arterial hypertension. The high frequencies of modifiable risk factors indicate the population segments on which intervention should be targeted, aiming to prevent and control hypertension.
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Monitoramento por entrevistas telefônicas de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas: experiência de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
(2008-06) PEIXOTO, Maria do Rosário Gondim; MONEGO, Estelamaris Tronco; ALEXANDRE, Veruska Prado; SOUZA, Rávila Graziany Machado de; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
This study describes results from a surveillance system for risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in 2005 in the city of Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil. A probabilistic sample (n = 2,002) of the adult population living in households with landline telephones was studied by phone interviews. Factors investigated were: food consumption, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, self-reported weight and height, and self-reported medical diagnosis of chronic non-communicable diseases. Prevalence and c2 values were calculated. The data showed: low consumption (< 5 days/week) of fruits and vegetables (47.1%), high rate of physical inactivity at work (86.6%), in commuting (92.6%), and during leisure time (61.9%), high alcohol consumption (36.5%), and high rates of obesity (10.6%), hypertension (22.4%), dyslipidemia (18.4%), and diabetes (4.4%). Most of the factors were inversely related to schooling and directly related to age (p < 0.05). High prevalence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases was reported. The advantages of this system were: low operational cost and the ability to monitor trends in chronic non-communicable diseases at the local level.
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Determinantes do estado de saúde de crianças ribeirinhas menores de dois anos de idade do Estado do Pará, Brasil: um estudo transversal
(2010-02) SILVA, Sara Araújo da; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
The aim of this study was to identify predictors of poor health in children less than two years of age from river-dwelling families in Pará State, Brazil. A total of 202 children were evaluated, considering poor health as the outcome variable, consisting of the combination of nutritional status, psychomotor development, and intercurrent illnesses in the previous month. The data were analyzed with a multilevel hierarchical model, and predictors of poor health were defined as variables with p < 0.05 after adjustment. According to the crude odds ratio, poor health is associated with families that own their own homes, are older, and present exclusive breastfeeding at two, three, four, and five months. After adjustment, children with families that own their homes showed 2.76 greater odds of having poor health; poor health also increased with age, and was 5.04 higher among children from 18 to 23 months, as compared to infants less than 7 months of age. In these communities, home owning and higher age represent longer exposure to the risk of poor health.
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Associação entre hipertensão arterial e excesso de peso em adultos, Belém, Pará, 2005
(2008-08) BORGES, Hilma Paixão; CRUZ, Nilma do Carmo; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major public health issue affecting 20 to 25% of the global population of adults, and 12 to 35 % of Brazilians. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between hypertension and overweight. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2005 with a probabilistic sampling of the population >18 years of age in Belém, capital of the state of Pará, in the Northern region of Brazil, using the telephone surveillance system for chronic diseases (SIMTEL). The dependent variable was hypertension, the explanatory variable was overweight and the confounding variables were age, level of education and lifestyle characteristics. The variables associated with hypertension were run through the regression logistic model and odds ratios were calculated for each variable. RESULTS: Hypertension affected 16.2% of men and 18.3% of women, and overweight affected 49.2% of men and 34.1% of women. The prevalence of hypertension was directly associated with age and overweight in both genders. Among men, hypertension was associated with intake of vegetables and low intake of beans (similar to kidney- and pinto-type beans); as for women, hypertension was associated with marital status (widow or separated), and inversely to education level. The risk of hypertension increased directly with weight for both genders (p<0.001), and it was 6.33 times higher among obese men and 3.33 among obese women as compared to normal-weight subjects. CONCLUSION: Overweight was associated with hypertension. However, variables such as age, education, and food consumption interfere in this relationship, creating circumstances favorable to reducing or increasing that risk.