Achsenmächte, Potenze dell'Asse, Sujikukoku na Amazônia: imagens, narrativas e representações da Quinta Coluna no Pará (1939-1945)

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the representations and meanings created on so-called "quinta-colunistas" in the state of Para. This term was created during the Spanish Civil War, when, at that time, the army of four columns led by General Francisco Franco was approaching Madrid marching against the legalistic government of Azaña. Fifth-Column would refer to a group of spies who would report about strategies, organization and actions of the ruling group to the enemy. This term was spread around the world being appropriated during World War II to designate those who would serve as spies for Germany, Italy and Japan that were known, at that time, as "subjects of the Axis". They were constantly harassed through the printed letters from newspapers, or through the radio programs, movies, literature or even the theater. The sources used for the study were mainly newspapers such as Folha do Norte, Folha Vespertina, O Estado do Pará e A Vanguarda. Federal legislation was also used, as well as the Cordel Brochure O Brasil rompeu com eles, from Zé Vicente.