Pneumopatias infecciosas em pacientes com HIV/AIDS: abordagem histórica em um hospital de referência na Região Norte, Brasil

Abstract

Pulmonary infectious diseases frequently are identified in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, epidemiological aspects and techniques used in the diagnosis of infectious lung disease in patients with HIV/AIDS. We evaluated 830 medical records of patients admitted to the University Hospital João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB) - Belém - Pará, in the period 2005-2014, diagnosed with infectious pulmonary diseases, positive HIV/AIDS and over the age of 18. The mean age of subjects was 37.7 years with higher age among those with greater sexual activity and productivity, most men (64.4%), however it was observed a significant increase in women over the years increasing the number of women in hospital beds. Most origin was from the state capital (46.6%). Infectious lung diseases manifested themselves through productive cough, weight loss and dyspnea. The vast majority of patients had their diagnosis presumptively through epidemiological, clinical and radiological data and perform empirical treatment. In patients who had the diagnosis established this was done by sputum analysis, bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy and the most frequent diagnoses were bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis and pneumocystis pneumonia, with a significant increase in tuberculosis cases in the period between 2011 and 2014.The outcome, in-hospital mortality occurred in most cases due to bacterial pneumonia and there was a considerable increase in the number of high over the years, even with the increased length of stay and the limitations on the diagnostic tools.