O lugar do poeta Eurípides na primeira estética de Nietzsche: tensões e ambiguidades na recepção da Tragédia grega

Abstract

In his first book, Nietzsche attempted to touch on the most burning themes of his time, among which there is the problem of science as a model of appreciation of life, whose most significant reflection is expressed by the figure of the theoretical man - the fruit of rationalism from the Socratic-Platonic metaphysics. Balanced by his hopes for the renewal of the Germanic arts, the philosopher sought in Greece a kind of counter-model. This undertaking required a study of the origin and decline of the tragic art in which Euripides occupies a prominent role. Thus, we seek to retake this path around the “Birth of the Tragedy” in order to think the poet, beyond the common place (almost always linked to a closed critic), also as a possible and important reference for that moment, putting in evidence the tensions and ambiguities surrounding Nietzsche interpretation for tragedy. In this sense, our research intends to present the theoretical displacements operated by the tragic philosophy of the young Nietzsche, in order to point to the bases with which he launches his own aesthetic proposal based on the metaphysics of an artist. In the sequence, we argue that Euripides occupies a place within Nietzsche’s project of an anti-Platonism. Finally, we analyze the masks or facets of the tragedy with and beyond Nietzsche's critique.