Análise de risco associada a barragens de usos múltiplos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Uraim em Paragominas-PA, utilizando ferramentas de geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto

Abstract

The impact of human activity since the 1950s has considerably increased the likelihood of extreme weather events occurring. Brazil is vulnerable to these events, which affect population, economic management, ecosystems, agriculture and infrastructure. The Amazon region is especially at risk due to synergistic interactions such as deforestation and fires. The use of multiple-use dams represents an additional challenge, as much information is insufficient regarding their safety and the increased risk of failure associated with extreme weather events is well known. The present study aims to map multiple-use dams in the Uraim river basin, in Paragominas, through the application of geoprocessing and remote sensing techniques. In the analysis, 106 dams were identified within the basin area. The distribution of dams points to a high-risk scenario for the residents of Paragominas, as many of these dams were not even built with minimal compliance with technical or engineering criteria. The study highlighted the importance of geotechnologies in locating dams, highlighting their relevance as a crucial tool for environmental planning and risk management. It is therefore recommended that housing be relocated, the adoption of strict technical criteria for the construction of dams and the strengthening of local Civil Defense. These measures are aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 13 and 11, which address, respectively, climate action in sustainable cities and communities. The pressing need to adopt adaptation and mitigation measures in the face of this risk condition is also highlighted.