Amazônia negra: a teoria crítica da raça e a emenda constitucional nº 111

Abstract

This work investigates candidacies for the federal legislative process - Chamber of Deputies and Federal Senate - in the northern states of Brazil, in light of Constitutional Amendment nº 111/21, which established for the purposes of distribution among political parties, resources from the Party Fund and the Special Campaign Financing Fund, that votes given to female candidates or black candidates for the Chamber of Deputies, in elections held from 2022 to 2030, will be counted double. To this end, I analyze the self-declaration of candidates and the legislative proposals of those who have already served in office, in order to know how Constitutional Amendment nº 111/21 contributed to the expansion of political representation in positions and legislative proposals of the black population in the 2022 electoral process, in the North Region. The work methodology uses jurisprudential, documentary, bibliographical research and content analysis of selected decisions. Firstly, I address the theoretical proposition of Achille Mbembe's Critique of Black Reason, relating it to Critical Race Theory to think about Brazilian racial reality. Secondly, I analyze the self-declarations of candidates for the Senate in the seven states of the Amazon and of all those elected to the Chamber of Deputies, concomitantly with their own hetero-identification stage. Finally, I analyze the legislative proposals of certain selected candidacies, addressing the presence or absence of racial literacy. The work concludes that there are disparities and/or contradictions between self-declarations, legislative proposals and ideological/partisan positions, which could divert the public policy created by Constitutional Amendment nº 111/21.