Vulnerabilidade e percepção de riscos de doenças causadas por contaminação de rejeitos minerais nos rios no município de Barcarena-PA

Abstract

The contamination of rivers and basins in the Amazon has been intensifying, due to the advance of industrialization. For example, large mining companies have been transforming areas that were previously productive into industrial areas, causing profound structural and environmental changes in the region. This study aimed to analyze the interrelationship between the perception of risks and vulnerabilities to the collective health of residents living in the municipality of Barcarena and the disasters that affect the local rivers. The present study was exploratory, descriptive and retrospective, on the vulnerabilities and perception of individuals residing in the municipality of Barcarena - PA, in the face of diseases caused by disasters related to speeches in the management of chemical waste and contamination of rivers and local basins. , with a qualitative approach. The data source was obtained through a questionnaire, with the affected communities on the banks of the Mucuripe River, and semi-structured interviews with representatives of the communities. The data were organized and tabulated using Microsoft Excel 2010 software. Data analysis focuses on the perception of risks and vulnerabilities to the collective health of residents of the communities of Vila do Conde, Industrial, Irupanema, Itupiranga, São João, Bom Futuro and Burajuba belonging to the municipality of Baracarena-Pará. The results indicated that socio-environmental vulnerability varies with the profile of each community; the interviewees' perception of the risk conditions in which they live is related to the degree of vulnerability. The permanence of residents in the localities is related to cultural and emotional issues and lack of options. For these reasons, it is necessary to suggest preventive measures to minimize the risks faced by the population under study. The research resulted in two products: a risk map that makes it possible to identify the impacts on public health as a result of the disasters in question and an educational booklet, aiming to provide guidance on the identified diseases and preventive measures to minimize the impacts caused to the health of the population and strengthening the capacity to respond to experienced and future Disasters, minimizing damage to health and loss of life.