A Psicologia Transvalorativa de Nietzsche: a fisiopsicologia e a genealogia como caminhos para a cultura verdadeira

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation is to demonstrate how the methodological procedures adopted by Nietzsche in his philosophy can be considered as a transvaluative psychology that moves through physiopsychological and historical-genealogical approaches, in order to transvalue the values of modern culture and open the way for what Nietzsche understands it as true culture (eKGWB, NF – 1872, 19[33]). In this sense, it is assumed that the points made by Nietzsche in GD/CI (preface to the transvaluation of all values written on September 30, 1888) and GD/CI What I owe to the old 5 (where Nietzsche points to GT/NT as his first transvaluation), they would be evidence of a thematic cohesion that suggests transvaluation as a task present in each phase of his thought; as well as suggesting a methodological cohesion which we intend to demonstrate as being a multiple approach that uses philology, psychology and physiology as means to carry out the transvaluation of cultural values, as also pointed out by Germán Meléndez (2015) also points out. In these terms, it is the (physio)psychological analysis of the concepts of modern culture and of true culture, which describes the first as the result of values founded by doctrines that despise the body and engender hypostatic interpretations that postulate a hiatus between body and consciousness/soul - hence all forms of falsification of reality would be imputed in the human imaginary, such as: the idea of unity, the idea of free will and the idea of the self. The second, in turn, would be what Nietzsche seeks to achieve through his transvaluations, because a culture that generates values based on the internal coherence between body and consciousness, begins to engender values, in the same way, coherent with the nature of those who generated them. Finally, due to thematic and methodological cohesion, an analysis of the first GM/GM dissertation will be presented, since, as Nietzsche himself suggests in EH/EH Genealogy of Morals, the first dissertation deals with the psychology of Christianity that describes its birth from the pathos of ressentiment. Thus, such work would be the preliminary work for a transvaluation of all values.