Mapeamento das áreas vulneráveis às inundações em setores costeiros de competência da Spu: Gleba Mazagão, Amapá

Abstract

Since the beginning of the colonization of Brazilian lands, the occupational centers were located near large water bodies such as seas and rivers, the occupation of these areas was intended to strengthen trade relations and logistics, the establishment of these communities occurred in inappropriate areas that were prone to suffer from natural hazards, the concomitant relationship of occupation in flood plains and / or riverbanks with natural hazards, leading to possible natural disasters. This work aims to map the potential areas to suffer from flooding and to correlate the SPU’s presumed areas with the glebe collection process. The mapping of the vulnerable areas was originated through an environmental analysis using the hierarchical process analysis (AHP), which carried out a parity comparison of the environmental indicators of altimetry, land cover, slope, and pedology. Weights were grouped for each indicator, and then the variables of each indicator were classified in relation to their degree of importance, and then the map algebra was performed in the GIS software Qgis. Furthermore, the analysis of the relationship of the presumed areas of the SPU with the process of land collection, used the legal basis of Law 10.304/2001, where the exclusions of the areas of incidence of objects already destined were carried out. With the analysis can observe the dynamics existing in the area, the altimetry map showed the variation of altimetric quotas, the soil coverage showed the forms of use and consequently the actions of man in the environment, as well as the classification of slope based on the manual Embrapa, there was a variation of classes from flat to mountainous, and also the pedology classification showed the degree of susceptibility of the land, demonstrating the fragility of the soil. The map of vulnerable areas and the remaining area enabled this multidisciplinary analysis, which will serve for the integrated management of the state government, this work made it possible to raise environmental and land information and areas almost, inexistently, explored by the literature, and especially, little reported, I recommend further studies covering larger areas, to overcome this lack of information, thus providing a more efficient public management, directing public facilities to areas most in need, and palliative measures and / or mitigating possible hydro-meteorological events.