Projeto escolar de captação de águas pluviais: comparação de seus padrões de qualidade com amostras de águas consumidas no município de Curuçá-Pa

Abstract

This research promoted sustainability in the school environment through classroom teaching of subjects related to Natural Sciences and Technologies contextualized by environmental themes. In this sense, a school project was implemented to collect rainwater to meet part of the demand for water in the school community in the municipality of Curuçá. The importance of preserving water resources was presented to 1st and 2nd year high school classes, totaling 71 students who were evaluated by applying two questionnaires, and through these, they demonstrated better understanding after the lectures, experiments and classes taught during the work. The physical-chemical and microbiological patterns were analyzed in two different seasonal periods of rainwater samples collected by the project and from a tubular well installed on the school premises, in the analytical laboratory, where, respectively, it was found that in the first analysis, the total alkalinity levels were 17.2 and 14.9 (mg/L), conductivity of 104.5 and 95.6 (μS/cm), for both; nitrate less than 1.00 (mg/L) and nitrite less than 0.1 (mg/L), in addition to these, the standards for chemical oxygen demand, total hardness, total iron, fluoride, magnesium, manganese, bicarbonates, carbonate, calcium, cadmium, lead, chloride, free residual chlorine, potassium, sodium, total dissolved solids, and sulfate, and total coliforms are at acceptable levels. Unlike these, the analyses found changes that were not in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health in its ordinance no. 888/2021 for the standards of; turbidity of 15.2 and 11.8 (ut); pH of 5.27 and 5.14; and thermotolerant bacteria of 180 and 100 (NMP). The research continued with the aim of eliminating thermotolerant bacteria from the rainwater system, where the chlorinator containing specific chemical elements for the elimination of these microorganisms was added, and the second analysis verified the extermination of the thermotolerant bacteria, thus evidencing that the simple chemical treatment is capable of adapting rainwater to the requirements provided for by law.