"Mais que um teto e 4 paredes": a medida protetiva de afastamento do agressor do lar e a segurança na posse das mulheres em terrenos de marinha em Belém-PA

Abstract

This dissertation seeks to analyze whether protective measures to remove the aggressor from the home can ensure some of the dimensions of women's housing security in neighborhoods with a predominance of marine land and more in the city of Belém-Pará. The theme is relevant because it allows the observation of domestic violence located in the physical element of the threat of loss of property/possession (patrimonial) and how these relationships enable a certain level or reach of a certain dimension of security in housing ownership for women. The hypothesis argued was that the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home, provided for in the Maria da Penha Law, can ensure one or more dimensions of security in housing ownership for women in situations of domestic and family violence. To this end, the process of land seizure in Brazilian space was presented, as well as the so-called marine land areas and their additions that emerged somewhat concomitantly, starting from a national vision to the local one (Belém-Pará). The struggle of women for housing was demonstrated and how it is historical, understanding the (poor) distribution of land under a gender bias so that it can be understood why the majority of women, especially black and poor women, currently live in spaces known as favelas. Finally, the Maria da Penha Law and its innovation in the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home and how it impacts on forms of manifestation in urban space, especially housing, was highlighted. The methodology used was bibliographic and documentary research, with a quali-quanti approach and a hypothetical-deductive method, carrying out a triangulation of methods with an integrative literature review and measurement with data collected at the State Coordination of Women in Situations of Domestic and Family Violence and Company of Development of the Metropolitan area and 2nd Court of the Domestic and Family Violence Court of Belém. There is an integrative systematic bibliographical review between the theme of security in possession of housing and the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home provided for in the Maria da Lei Penha, demonstrating existing work and how the present discussion has been carried out in Brazilian scientific research and whether there is an intersection between these two thematic strands. And, finally, from these first two approaches, empirical data is intertwined with theory. And in the meantime, the positive validation of the hypothesis was obtained as a core response to the research problem. In the end, we can see the importance of studies that articulate the protective measure of removing the aggressor from the home with instruments of security in possession to protect the right to housing for women in situations of domestic and family violence, especially in the areas of marine land or added to the city of Belém-PA. Housing is a portal that transcends the mere physical structure of architectural and urban construction, also explaining protection against the different types of violence provided for in the Maria da Penha Law.