Repercussões das análises de bioinformática nos resultados da expressão diferencial de genes e seus reguladores miRNAs no câncer gástrico

Abstract

The cancer, according to Globocan, in 2018, was responsible for a rate of 8.2 million deaths and about 14.1 million new cases. Regarding the analysis of gastric cancer (GC), in the state of Pará, it was estimated that for the year 2018 the number of affected men would be 23.30 and 11.45 for women. In the development of gastric adenocarcinoma, several significantly increased molecular alterations were identified when compared to non-cancerous tissues. One of these elements are miRNAS, small non-coding RNAs that act on the regulation of gene expression and can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of genes from tumor samples (deposited in The Cancer Genome Atlas - TCGA database) to be modified by differentially expressed miRNAs. The analysis was performed by sequencing platform, RNA-Seq, and used the software R-peridot in differential expression analysis, whose result identified six miRNAs. Next, the miRTargetLink Human platform identified eight miRNA target genes between tumor samples and their corresponding adjacent CG tissues. Functional analyzes identified important genes that can be enriched by three pathways associated with cancer: focal adhesion, RAP1 signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. Finally, the use of the Z-Score calculation confirmed significant findings.