Utilização do CATT-BRAMS para análise do transporte e dispersão de material particulado e monóxido de carbono proveniente da queima da biomassa e da atividade industrial no estado do Pará

Abstract

The year of 2010 was characterized as a drier year with an weak el niño event, but with an interesting twist: it was preceded by two wet years, and in addition to these aspects, there were available data at Amazon Modeling Laboratory (LAMAZ), of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), for modeling the behavior, in the atmosphere, of two substances considered pollutants, caused by anthropogenic activities, in the state of Pará, during dry season of the year of 2010. These aspects, together with the interest to evaluate the influence of the this dry season period, in the air atmosphere quality of the Para, motivated the developing of this dissertation, whose main objective was to analyze the sources, transport and dispersion of air emissions, composed by particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO), from biomass burning and industrial activities, in the state of Pará, during the dry season of 2010. For this purpose, was used the subroutine CATT (Couppled Atmospheric Tracer Transport Model), in weather forecasting and climate model of mesoscale BRAMS (Brazilian Developments on the Regional Atmospheric Systems), with two nested grids. Besides that, was carried out a survey of fire during the period of study, based on the data, available by INPE/CPTEC, and of industrial operating activities in the State, whose data were obtained from Integrated Environmental Monitoring and Licensing of the State Department of Environment (SIMLAM - SEMA / PA). The rainfall data, were obtained through the Para State Network Database for Climate Prediction and Hydrometeorological – RPCH, and orographic characteristics of the study area, simulated by the BRAMS, were also performed. The development and analysis of studies evidenced the influence of rain on the amount of heat generated , i.e. in that the period became drier, the greater the amount of fire outbreaks and the higher the surface concentration of emissions CO and PM(2.5). The results generated by the simulations provided the basis to analyze the influence of the state's topography in the movement of these air pollutants coming from other states, showing the participation of the Amazonian central plain in the ocean air mass moving to the continent. It Showed the effects of winds that led these atmospheric pollutants generated on the surface of the Pará state, and in the surrounding regions, to the west, towards the Amazon state. Also showed the effects of the local convection, that dispersed and transported CO and PM(2,5) atmospheric emissions at high altitudes, that can reach great distances, with the potential to cause impacts in a regional and even global scale.