Resíduos sólidos urbanos, mapeamento e educação ambiental: proposta de instrumento para participação comunitária na questão ambiental no bairro da Marambaia, Belém-Pa

Abstract

In urban cultures, we can observe a close relationship with the consumption of products of industrial origin, which generate waste that, when not disposed of and treated properly, has a significant impact on the urban environment. The population of the district of Marambaia, located in Belém do Pará, Brazil, with more than 65,000 inhabitants, has suffered from environmental problems related to the management of Urban Solid Waste -RSU, and has sometimes contributed to the increase of this environmental problem when irregularly discard these waste. In this sense, this study presents a platform for mapping points of irregular waste disposal in the Marambaia neighborhood, using geoprocessing techniques, computational tools and stimulation of neighborhood participation through participative and collaborative mapping, as well as field and application research of questionnaires in schools. Some results show that environmental perception is a relevant form of analysis and should be considered for environmental management and education processes. For the mapping, the places with the highest presence points of irregular waste disposal are public spaces. It was possible to identify that there is an important percentage of people who choose to hire people locally called 'carrinheiros' to dispose of part of the solid waste produced in their homes, contributing to the environmental problem. In the waste disposal points identified, more than 60% of them present economically viable materials, which would allow the implementation of selective collection and recycling of materials through the creation of Green Points. Environmental education activities contributed to the development of information multipliers on the problem of solid waste in the neighborhood.