Inundações em Marabá: avaliação estratégica para declarar situação de emergência.

Abstract

Natural disaster is a worldwide problem that every year have been increasing frequency and impacts, they are classified in geological, meteorological, climatological, hydrological and biological. The present study worked on the hydrological disaster (flood / flood). The study area chosen was Marabá-PA, due to the high incidence of flooding and the extensive area susceptible to this adverse event. In 21 years, in the period from 1991 to 2012 there were 17 records by Civil Defense. The objective of the research was to evaluate the parameters used to declare the alert situation, emergency situation and state of public calamity based on the fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River. The research developed was bibliographical and documentary; its database was the database of the institutions; river basin of the Tocantins River - National Water Agency; data from the municipality and the population of Marabá - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics; to define the flood surface area - report of the Research Company and Mineral Resources; to estimate the number of buildings in flood risk area - Amazon Protection System. In the period delimited for conducting the research (1972 to 2015) it was possible to verify that in most of these years the fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River reached impact footage; the characteristics of the population of Marabá and specifically of the area of risk are of vulnerabilities to the flood impacts. The Product was developed to characterize the potential of disaster intensity to declare a warning situation, emergency situation and state of public calamity based on fluviometric quota of the Tocantins River and number of buildings affected.