A educação infantil na rede municipal de ensino de Belém PA: um debate sobre as concepções pedagógicas e prática pedagógica

Abstract

In order to develop such a discussion, we use the dialectical historical materialist method, which seeks to analyze the object with rigor, starting from the appearance to the essence of the phenomenon. The method is part of our conception of the world, therefore, it demarcates our ethical-political orientation. From the literature review, some specific categories emerged, to discuss human formation, we subsidized our analyzes in Duarte (2010,2012, 2016), Saviani (2013). On socialist pedagogy, the authors were Marx and Engels (2005, 2008) and Saviani (2012). In establishing the nexus of research with children's education, we used Kuhlmann (1998,2000), Rosemberg (1984) to talk about history of children’s education Arce (2012;2013), Saviani (2013) to explain the issues of early childhood education and critical historical pedagogy. Our research aimed to analyze the Municipal Education Network of Belém through documentary analysis and semi - structured interviews with teachers of early childhood education. The whole study is based on the conception of historical-critical pedagogy, a theory that proposes a historicizing perspective of contents, that is, it is defined by the historical process, guided by the concept of work and that has a position and commitment to an antagonistic historical project , a conception of man and world. As results, we present the children's education in the Municipal Network of Education of Belém as a space that perpetuates hegemonic pedagogical conceptions, the analysis about the training of nursery school teachers ratified the hypotheses that the initial formation has not given the necessary support to understand the theories that and that there are no sound guidelines for teaching the first stage of basic education, and there are infrastructural problems and involving the career of teachers who do not allow concrete pedagogical practices to be implemented